Chapter 15 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Demonic model
Mental illness viewed as a being passed by a demon or the devil
-need to get evil out of your body
(476 to 1492)
Witches
Mental ill people
-devils mark (birth mark)
Treatment for mental illness in demonic model
Rituals or removal of demons
-drowning test (tied to heavy object, to see if they are a witch)
Medical model
1400 to 1900
-new way of thinking, renaissance period
-mental illness was linked to physical disorders
What was bad about medical model
Government crammed whoever was deemed mentally ill into an asylum
-human rights
Wealthy people would watch
Bloodletting
Medical model
-mental illness was related to having too much blood, so they would drain the blood out of their body (40%)
Scaring out the mental illness
Medical model
-throwing people into snakes
-placebo effect
Dix and pinel
Spoke out for human rights and better treatment for patients in asylums
-empathy, kindess
The modern era
1900 to present
-pharmaceutical drugs used to treat symptoms (hallucinations and delusions)
Chlopromazine
Allowed people to function day to day
-shut down asylums into society
Draw backs to shutting down asylums
Had no where to go, no money, no policies to look after them, no follow up care
-patients would stop taking the medications (no social support)
Culturally bound syndromes
-windigo
-koro
-saora
Saora disorder
Fits of inappropriate crying or laughing
-sensation of ants biting your body
Windigo
Fear of becoming a carnival or intense cravings of human flesh
Koro
Patients believe their gentitals are sucking into their body and disappearing
-social contagion
Social contagion can lead to
Mass hysteria
Autism spectrum disorder
Spectrum, can be severe in some aspects and less in others
Asburgers
Autism
Diagnosed in early years
-language deficit, social bonding, imagination
-intellectual impairment
Autism symptoms
-social impairements
-repetitive or restrictive behaviours
-resistant to change
-highly specialized and limited interests
Autism comorbid
Can occur at the same time as other disorders
-giftedness, depression, ADHD
What was wrong with the anti-vaxx autism study
-extremely small sample size
-data was made up
-illusory correlation
Recent research of autism
Diagnosis increasing over time, due to expansion of symptoms in this spectrum
-positive as more children can be accommodated if they fall under the diagnosis
Diagnosis and autism
Better to be miss diagnosed early than never diagnosed
ADHD or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
3-7%
-over the top hyper and active children
-boys more often diagnosed 3.5:1
Issues with ADHD
Some children are labeled as ADHD in some cases where they just need basic parenting
-behavioural control
-there is an over diagnosis
Most cases of ADHD are influenced by..
Genetics
But-> smoking, drinking, illness, or toxins can also lead to ADHD
Symptoms of ADHD: inattentive
Easily distracted, unorganized, difficulty listening a
Symptoms of ADHD: hyperactive and impulsive
-difficulty sitting still
-rush through tasks
-make rash decisions
Early onset bipolar disorder
Can be diagnosed very early in childhood
-overdiagnosis of ADHD at expensive of bipolar
DMDD or disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
New category to properly diagnosis children
-persistent irritability compared to episodic
DMDD
-chronic irritability
-depression and ADHD
-temper outburst
Anxiety disorders
Transient and adaptive
-btu can become excessive and inappropriate
Psychological disorder fo anxiety creates
Physiological responses
Illness anxiety disorder
Thinking you have a serious disease and are going to die
Anxiety
Anytime you over think something
-very large category