Chapter 15 PP

Question 1

intrafraction

Answer 1

changes or motion during the treatment administration such as breathing

Question 2

interfraction

Answer 2

changes occurring between treamtnet sessions such as bladder or rectum being less full from one treatment to the next

Question 3

DIBH

Answer 3

deep inspiration breath hold

Question 4

when is DIBH mostly used

Answer 4

when treating the left breast to decrease dose to the heart

Question 5

Radiation is turned on when the target is within the treatment volume and is turned off when the target is outside the target volume

Answer 5

respiratory gating

Question 6

when is respiratory gating commonly used

Answer 6

treatment of cancers of the lung, esophagus, tumors in abdomen, and breast

Question 7

Use of some type of compression device to induce shallow breathing for managing internal motion due to respiration.

Answer 7

abdominal compression

Question 8

Scans at a low number of revolutions per second so that multiple respiration phases are recorded on the same axial image

Answer 8

slow CT scanning

Question 9

contains as many as several hundred individual cobalt-60 sources focused on a single point.

Answer 9

gamma knife

Question 10

robotic machine used to treat with SRS

Answer 10

cyberknife

Question 11

SRS

Answer 11

stereotactic radiosurgery

Question 12

define SRS

Answer 12

focusees high power energy on a small area of the body, minimizing dose to normal tissue

Question 13

SRS is used for what type of treatment

Answer 13

brain treatment

Question 14

SRT

Answer 14

stereotactic radiation therapy (used interchangably with SRS)

Question 15

SBRT

Answer 15

stereotactic body radiation therapy

Question 16

SBRT is used for treating what

Answer 16

lung, esophagus, tumors with motion during treatment

Question 17

SBRT: list two types of immobilization devices

Answer 17

vaccum sytems and abdominal compression device (both induce shallow breathing)

Question 18

explain difference between photons and protons

Answer 18

Photons are high energy x-rays whereas Protons are heavy charged particles

Question 19

what is the biggest difference between treating with photons and protons?

Answer 19

proton treatment does not have an exit dose

photons pass throuh the tumor and exit out the other side hitting normal tissue along the way

Question 20

which type of treatment has less side effects? (proton/photon)

Answer 20

proton

Question 21

Protons have what is called a _____ Peak

Answer 21

bragg

Question 22

. It is the sharp increase in the dose distribution curve of a charged particle, at a particular depth. So small amounts are deposited initially, with the majority being deposited at the tumor (near end of their range) where the dose peaks to a high value then drops rapidly to zero.

Answer 22

bragg peak

Question 23

which is more expensive? (photon/proton)

Answer 23

proton