Chapter 15

Question 1

what is psychotherapy?

Answer 1

a trained therapist who uses psychological techniques to assist someone seeking to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth

Question 2

what is biomedical therapy?

Answer 2

medications and other biological treatments

Question 3

what is the electric approach?

Answer 3

uses techniques from various froms of therapy?

Question 4

first major psychological therapy was developed by?

Answer 4

Freud

Question 5

what is psychoanalysis?

Answer 5

people could achieve healthier, less anxious living by releasing the energy they had previously devoted to id-ego-superego conflicts
created by freud

Question 6

what is resistance?

Answer 6

blocking from conciousness of anxiety-laden material

Question 7

what is an interpretation?

Answer 7

analyst providing meanings to thoughts, dreams, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promoe insight

Question 8

what is transference?

Answer 8

occurs when the patient transfers to the analyst emotions linked with other relationships
such as love or hatred for a parent

Question 9

what is psychodynamic therapy?

Answer 9

deriving from psychoanalytic tradition
influenced by freuds
views individuals as repsonding to unconsious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight

Question 10

what is the goal of psychodynamic therapy?

Answer 10

help people explore and gain perspective on defended-against thoughts and feelings

Question 11

what is a behavior therapist?

Answer 11

• doubt the healing power of self-awareness, believing instead that problem behaviors are the problem
• aim to replace problematic behaviors with constructive behaviors

Question 12

what is systemic desensitization?

Answer 12

type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relate state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli

Question 13

what is cognitive therapies?

Answer 13

teach people new, more adaptive ways of thinking

our thinking colors our feelings

Question 14

what is cognitive behavioral therapy?

Answer 14

an integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy aims to alter the way clients act and the way they think
today’s most widely used therapy

Question 15

what is group therapy?

Answer 15

conducted with groups rather than individuals
benefits from group interaction
does not provide the same degree of therapist involvement with each client
saves therapists’ time and clients’ money
encourages exploration of social behaviors and social skill development
enables people to see others share their problems
provides feedback as clients try out new ways of behaving

Question 16

what is family therapy?

Answer 16

assumes that no person is an island
attempts to open communication in the family, working with multiple members to heal relationships and mobilize family resources
helps family members to discover and use conflict resolution strategies
treats the family as a system
views individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

Question 17

what is evidence-based practice?

Answer 17

integration of the best available research with clinicians expertise and patients characteristics, preferences, and circumstances

Question 18

explain eye movement desensitization and reprocessing? (EMDR)

Answer 18

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
some differences are shown
therapy comes not from the eye movement but rather from the exposure therapy matter of the treatments

Question 19

what is light exposure therapy?

Answer 19

to counteract winter depression, some people spend time each morning exposed to intense light that mimics natural outdoor light
lack of vitamin D hormones

Question 20

3 benefits for all psychotherapies?

Answer 20

hope for demoralized people
a new perspective for oneself and the world, leading to new behaviors
an empathetic, trusting, caring relationship

Question 21

this involves any of the follwoing: changng the brains functioning by altering its chemistry with drugs, affecting its circuitry with electrical stimulation, magnetic impulses or psychosurgery, or influencing its responses with lifestyle changes.

Answer 21

biomedical therapy

Question 22

drug therapies are?

Answer 22

most widely used biomedical treatment

Question 23

what is psychopharmology?

Answer 23

study of drugs effects on mind and behavior

Question 24

what is an antipsychotic drug?

Answer 24

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorders

Question 25

what is an antianxiety drug?

Answer 25

drugs used to control anxiety and agitation

Question 26

what are antidepressants?

Answer 26

drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD

Question 27

what is mood-stabilizing drugs?

Answer 27

depakote

lithium

Question 28

what is electroconvulsive therapy?

Answer 28

manipulates the brain by shocking it, and is used for severely depressed patients

Question 29

what is deep brain stimulation?

Answer 29

another neural stimulation technique used to treat depression
implanted electrodes

Question 30

what is psychosurgery and why is it the least used biomedical therapy?

Answer 30

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior
it is irreversible and thus the least used

Question 31

what is a lobotomy?

Answer 31

developed by Monez in the ’30s
once widely used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients
cut nerves connecting frontal lobe to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain

Question 32

what is resilience?

Answer 32

personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma

Question 33

what is posttraumatic growth?

Answer 33

may be an outcome when struggling with challenging crises