Chapter 15

Question 1

Brain four major regions

Answer 1

Cerebrum, the diencephalon, the brainstem, and the cerebellum.

Question 2

Cerebrum

Answer 2

The cerebrum is divided into two halves, called the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

Question 3

Lobes

Answer 3

Each hemisphere is subdivided into five functional areas called lobes

Question 4

How many cranial nerves does the brain have?

Answer 4

12

Question 5

Mesencephalon-Midbrain

Answer 5

Cerebral peduncles, superior colliculi, inferior colliculi

Question 6

Rhombencephalon-Hindbrain

Answer 6

Metencephalon- Pons and Cerebellum

Myelencephalon- Medulla oblongata

Question 7

Gray Matter

Answer 7

Gray matter houses motor neuron, interneuron cell bodies, dendrites, axon terminals, and unmyelinated axons
Forms during brain development

Question 8

White Matter

Answer 8

composed of myelinated axons

lies deep to the gray matter of the cortex

Question 9

Ganglion

Answer 9

Cluster of neuron cell bodies within PNS

Question 10

Center

Answer 10

Group of CNS w/ common function

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

Center in the CNS, displays anatomic boundaries

Question 12

Nerve

Answer 12

Axon bundles extending through PNS

Question 13

Nerve plexus

Answer 13

Network of nerve in PNS

Question 14

Tract

Answer 14

CNS axon bundles w/ similar functions, share origin/ destination

Question 15

Funiculus

Answer 15

Group tracts in specific area of spinal cord

Question 16

Pathway

Answer 16

Centers and Tracts connect the CNS with body

Question 17

Cortex

Answer 17

Outer layer of gray matter in cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 18

Cerebral hemisphere

Answer 18

two symmetrical halves of cerebrum, separated by longitudinal fissure

Question 19

What does the body cranium provide?

Answer 19

provides rigid support

Question 20

Cranial Meninges

Answer 20

dura mater, the arachnoid, and the pia mater

Question 21

Dura Matter

Answer 21

Strongest of the meninges
Dura mater has two layers.
periosteal layer- the more superficial layer, attaches to the periosteum of the cranial bones
meningeal layer - lies deep to the periosteal layer

Question 22

Arachnoid

Answer 22

Lies immediately internal to the dura mater

composed of a delicate web of collagen and elastic fibers

Question 23

What lies between the arachnid and dura matter?

Answer 23

Subdural space

Question 24

What lies immediately deep to the arachnoid?

Answer 24

Subarachnoid space

Question 25

Pia Matter

Answer 25

The innermost of the cranial meninges. | Thin layer of delicate connective tissue that tightly adheres to the brain

Question 26

What is cranial dural septa?

Answer 26

The meningeal layer of the dura mater extends as flat (septa) deep into the cranial cavity at four locations

Question 27

Membranous partitions

Answer 27

falx cerebri tentorium cerebelli falx cerebelli diaphragma sellae

Question 28

Brain Ventricles

Answer 28

Cavities within the brain that are derived from the opening of the embryonic neural tube. Continuous with one another

Question 29

How many ventricles are in the brain?

Answer 29

Four

Question 30

Where are the two lateral ventricles located at?

Answer 30

in the cerebrum, separated by a thin medial partition called the septum pellucidum

Question 31

Where is the third ventricle located at?

Answer 31

within the diencephalon

Question 32

What is the interventricular foramen?

Answer 32

where each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle

Question 33

Where the fourth ventricle located at?

Answer 33

Within the pons and cerebellum

Question 34

Blood Brain Barriers

Answer 34

protects nervous tissue from the general circulation | Controls what can enter the interstitial fluid of the brain.

Question 35

Frontal Lobe Function

Answer 35

Higher intellectual function (concentration, planning, decision-making) controls skeletal muscle on opposite side of body; controls skeletal muscles of pharynx, larynx, and mouth for speech

Question 36

Parietal Lobe Function

Answer 36

touch, pain, temperature, pressure, muscular sensations, texture & shape determination and understanding speech and formulating words

Question 37

Temporal Lobe Function

Answer 37

auditory reception, visual & auditory memory, olfactory, emotion, translates words into thoughts

Question 38

Occipital Lobe Function

Answer 38

primary receptor area for vision; visual association area

Question 39

What does the cerebral cortex do?

Answer 39

Communicate with each other | Communicate with the brain stem and spinal cord

Question 40

What do commissures do?

Answer 40

Allows communication between cerebral hemispheres

Question 41

What to association fibers do?

Answer 41

Connect different parts of the same hemisphere

Question 42

What do projection fibers do?

Answer 42

run vertically | Descend from the cerebral cortex

Question 43

CN I

Answer 43

Olfactory bulb

Question 44

CN II

Answer 44

Optic nerve

Question 45

CN III

Answer 45

Oculomotor nerve

Question 46

CN IV

Answer 46

Trochlear nerve

Question 47

CN V

Answer 47

Trigeminal nerve

Question 48

CN VI

Answer 48

Abducens nerve

Question 49

CN VII

Answer 49

Facial nerve

Question 50

CN VIII

Answer 50

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 51

CN IX

Answer 51

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 52

CN X

Answer 52

Vagus nerve

Question 53

CN XII

Answer 53

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 54

CN XI

Answer 54

Accessory nerve