Chapter 15

Question 1

acidosis

Answer 1

the sign of excess acid in the body. symptom of diabetes mellitus

Question 2

acromegaly

Answer 2

a sign of bone structure enlargement in an adult without a gain in height, disfigurement in hands and face, sign of hypersecretion

Question 3

exophthalmos

Answer 3

abnormal protrusion of the eyes, classic sign of excessive activity of the thyroid gland

Question 4

goiter

Answer 4

common sign of thyroid disease is swelling on the anterior side of the neck in the location of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor, lack of iodine, or infection

Question 5

hirsutism

Answer 5

symptom of excessive body hair in a masculine pattern. In women, it’s caused by hypersecretion of androgens by the adrenal cortex.

Question 6

ketosis

Answer 6

an excessive amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine, sign of unmanaged diabetes mellitus and starvation

Question 7

polydipsia

Answer 7

symptom of excessive thirst

Question 8

adenocarcinoma

Answer 8

malignant tumor that arises from epithelial tissue to form a glandular pattern of cells

Question 9

adrenalitis

Answer 9

inflammation of the adrenal gland

Question 10

adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 10

excessive growth of the adrenal gland

Question 11

congenital hypothyroidism

Answer 11

a child suffering from the thyroid gland’s inability to produce normal levels of growth hormone at birth, results in reduced mental development and physical growth

Question 12

crushing syndrome

Answer 12

excessive secretion of the hormone cortisol by the adrenal cortex and affecting many organs

Question 13

diabetes insipidus DI

Answer 13

caused by hyposecretion of ADH by the pituitary gland

Question 14

Diabetes mellitus

Answer 14

result of resistance of body cells to insulin, or a deficiency or complete lack of insulin production by cells of the pancreas

Question 15

endocrinopathy

Answer 15

general term for a disease of the endocrine sys

Question 16

hyperadrenalism

Answer 16

excessive activity of one or more adrenal glands. produces symptoms that characterize crushing syndrome

Question 17

hypercalcemia

Answer 17

when calcium levels in the blood become abnormally high

Question 18

hypoparathyroidism

Answer 18

excessive production of PTH by the parathyroid glands , caused by a tumor, or hypercalcemia

Question 19

hyperthyroidism

Answer 19

excessive activity of the thyroid gland produces abnormally high levels of thyroid hormone, which accelerates metabolism

Question 20

hypothyroidism

Answer 20

when thyroid gland activity becomes deficient, thyroid hormone blood levels drop below normal

Question 21

hypogonadism

Answer 21

Abnormally low amounts of hormones are produced, reducing sex hormone production, reduced sexual interest

Question 22

pancreatitis

Answer 22

inflammation of the pancreas, often results in a deficient production of insulin

Question 23

pituitary gigantism

Answer 23

abnormally high production of pituitary growth hormone before adulthood

Question 24

thyroiditis

Answer 24

inflammation of the thyroid gland

Question 25

adrenalectomy

Answer 25

surgical removal of one or both of the adrenal glands

Question 26

fasting blood sugar

Answer 26

blood sugar levels are measured after a 12 hour fast

Question 27

glucose tolerance test

Answer 27

test may be used to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus examines a patient’s tolerance of glucose

Question 28

parathyroidectomy

Answer 28

surgical removal of a parathyroid gland

Question 29

radioactive iodine

Answer 29

measures to determine the amount of iodine taken into thyroid cells

Question 30

radioiodine therapy

Answer 30

the radioactive iodine cells targets cancerous cells within the thyroid gland and destroys them

Question 31

thyroid scan

Answer 31

measuring thyroid function, an image is obtained

Question 32

thyroxine test

Answer 32

test measuring thyroxine levels in the blood