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Medical term > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

aphasia

A

inability to swallow

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2
Q

ascites

A

a sign of liver disease, a fluid within the peritoneal cavity that produces an enlarged abdomen

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3
Q

dyspepsia

A

condition of digestive difficulty

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4
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

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5
Q

flatus

A

presence of gas

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6
Q

gastrodynia

A

symptom of stomach pain

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7
Q

halitosis

A

bad breath

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8
Q

hematemesis

A

throwing up blood

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9
Q

hepatomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the liver

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10
Q

reflux

A

backward flow of material in the GI system

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11
Q

steatorrhea

A

abnormal levels of fat in the feces

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12
Q

cheilitis

A

inflammation of the lip

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13
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder,

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14
Q

choledochitis

A

inflammation of the common bile duct, presence of stones in within

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15
Q

cholelithiasis

A

general condition of stones lodged in the gallbladder or bile ducts

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16
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic progressive liver disease, gradual loss of liver cells and replaced by fat etc.

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17
Q

colitis

A

inflammation of the colon

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18
Q

colorectal cancer

A

cancer of the colon and rectum, tumor arise as a polyp

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19
Q

crohn’s disease

A

chronic inflammation of any part of the GI tract, ulcers, scar tissue formation, thickening

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20
Q

diverticulosis

A

presence of diverticular (small pouches), mild bowel discomfort

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21
Q

duodenal ulcer

A

ulcer or erosion in the wall of the duodenum

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22
Q

dysentery

A

acute inflammation of the GI tract caused by bacteria, protozoa, or chemical irritants

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23
Q

enteritis

A

inflammation of the small/large intestine

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24
Q

esophagitis

A

inflammation of the esophagus , often caused by acid reflux from the tummy that burns the esophageal lining.

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25
food-borne illness
ingestion of food with harmful bacteria can cause diarrhea or vomiting. E-Coli, salmonella
26
gastrectasis
abnormal stretching or dilation, caused by overeating, obstruction of the pyloric opening or hiatal hernia
27
gastric cancer
stomach cancer, aggressive cancer cells lining the tummy
28
gastric ulcer
ulcer or erosion, caused by imbalance between the secretion of protective mucous layer and hydrochloric acid
29
gastritis
inflammation of the tummy, caused by improper diet, or bacterial infection
30
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the tummy and small intestine
31
Gastroesophageal
recurring backflow or reflux, of the tummy contents into the esophagus. GERD
32
grastromalacia
softening of the tummy wall may occur during advanced stages of tummy cancer or other diseases
33
giardiasis
infection by intestinal protozoa, produces symptoms like diarrhea, cramps, nausea, vomiting. contracted by drinking contaminated water
34
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums or gingivae, caused by chronic bacterial activity at the teeth
35
glossitis
any disease of the tongue, exposure to allergens
36
hepatitis
viral-induced inflammation of the liver
37
malignant hepatoma
a tumor arising from the cells within the liver
38
hiatal hernia
abnormal protrusion of the cardiac portion of the tummy through the hiatus of the diaphragm to enter the thoracic cavity
39
intussusception
small intestine subjects to infolding within another segment
40
malabsorption syndrome
difficulty absorbing one or more nutrients
41
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas, can be caused by tumor development or bacterial infection
42
parotitis
inflammation of the largest salivary glands, the parotid glands, mumps if caused by a virus
43
peptic ulcer
an erosion into the inner wall of an organ along the GI tract. forms when the mucus layer becomes eroded
44
peritonitis
inflammation of the extensive membrane that lines the inner wall of the abdominopelvic cavity
45
polyposis
many polyps in nose, throat, or large intestine. benign growth
46
proctitis
inflammation of the anus and usually the rectum
47
proctoptosis
drooping of the rectum
48
volvulus
severe twisting of the intestine that leads to obstruction
49
abdominocentesis
surgical puncture through the abdominal wall to remove fluid
50
antacid
agent that reduces acidity of the tummy cavity
51
antiemetic
drug that prevents or stops the vomiting reflex
52
antispasmodic
drug that reduces peristalsis activity in the GI tract. arrests muscular spasms involved with diarrhea
53
appendectomy
removal of the appendix
54
bariatric surgery
procedure treating obesity
55
cathartic
agent that stimulates strong waves of peristalsis of the colon. laxative
56
cheilorrhaphy
procedure of suturing the lip
57
cholecystectomy
removal of the gallbladder
58
cholecystogram
process of producing an x-ray image of the gallbladder
59
choledocholithotomy
removal of one or more obstructive gallstones from the common bile duct
60
colonscopy
visual inspection of the colon's interior. look for early signs of colorectal cancer
61
total colectomy
removal of the entire colon
62
colostomy
surgical opening of the colon.
63
fecal occult blood test
lab test to detect blood in the feces. may indicate crohn's disease
64
gastrectomy
surgical removal or part of the tummy, treats peptic ulcers or obesity
65
gastric lavage
cleansing in which the stomach is irrigated. performed after ingestion of a toxic substance
66
gavage
process of feeding a patient through a tube inserted into the nose.
67
GI endoscopy
visual examination of the interior of the GI
68
GI series
radiographic substance that highlights the GI tract
69
gingivectomy
removal of diseased tissue in the gums, or gingivae
70
glossorrhaphy
injury that involves a severe bite through the tongue often requires surgery
71
hemorrhoidectomy
surgical removal of hemorrhoids
72
ileostomy
surgical opening through the abdominal wall and into the ileum. makes a stoma
73
laparotomy
surgical procedure that involves an incision through the abdominal wall
74
polypectomy
surgical removal of polyps, usually performed during a colonoscopy
75
pyloroplasty
surgical repair of the pylorus region of the tummy, repair of pyloric valve
76
vagotomy
surgical dissection of branches of the vagus nerve to reduce gastric juice secretion

Medical term (14 decks)

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