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Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

CAN

A

Campus Area Network
A network created by linking the
LANs located in two or more
buildings that are in close
proximity to each other.
TDMM.* Page 15-2

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2
Q

CR

A

Computer Room
An architectural space with
the primary function of
accommodating data
processing equipment.
TDMM.* Page G-43

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3
Q

HDA

A

Horizontal Distribution Area
A space in a computer room where
a horizontal cross-connect (HC) is
located, and may include LAN
switches, storage area network
(SAN) switches, and
keyboard/video/mouse (KVM)
switches for the end equipment
located in the equipment
distribution areas.
TDMM.* Page G-93

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4
Q

LAN

A

Local Area Network
Network that covers an area
generally associated with some
or all of the space within
a building.
TDMM.* Page 15-2

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5
Q

MAN

A

Metropolitan Area Network
A network that links the
networks located at two or
more sites within a city.
TDMM.* Page 15-2

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6
Q

MDA

A

Main Distribution Area
The space in an equipment
room where the main cross-
connect is located.
TDMM.* Page G-115

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7
Q

Network Architecture

A

The structured grouping of
hardware, software,
and applications.
TDMM.* Page 15-1

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8
Q

NIC

A

Network Interface Card
The hardware component that
connects a station to the
network medium.
TDMM.* Page 15-8

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9
Q

NOS

A

Network Operating Software
Integrated set of programs
designed to control and
coordinate all access to
network resources.
TDMM.* Page 15-14

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10
Q

OS

A

Operating System
The system software that
controls the execution of all
programs and the use of
resources on a device such
as a computer.
TDMM.* Page G-134

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11
Q

PAN

A

Personal Area Network
A network that covers an area
generally associated with an
individual workspace.
TDMM.* Page 15-1

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12
Q

SAN

A

Storage Area Network
A network of storage devices that
can be accessed by multiple
computers. Each computer on the
network can access hard drives in
the SAN as if they were local disks
connected directly to the
computer. It includes a specialized
high-speed network dedicated to
the transport of data between
storage devices and servers.
TDMM.* Page G-185

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13
Q

VoIP

A

Voice over Internet Protocol
A system in which voice signals
are converted to packets and
transmitted over a network using
transmission control protocol/
internet protocol (TCP/IP).
TDMM: Page G-207

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14
Q

WAN

A

Wide Area Network
An extended network that is
created by linking the networks
located at two or more sites,
distributed over geographic
distances that extend beyond
the span of a single
metropolitan area.
TDMM.* Page 15-3

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15
Q

Why are data networks
implemented?

A

To enable the sharing of
resources and the exchange of
information between users
and devices
TDMM.* Page 15-1

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16
Q

Name the 5 types of
networks in terms of
geographical area.

A
  1. Personal
  2. Local
  3. Campus
  4. Metropolitan (or metro)
  5. Extended (or wide area)
    TDMM.* Page 15-1
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17
Q

What is the smallest type of
network in terms of
geographical area?

A

Personal
TDMM.* Page 15-1

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18
Q

What is the largest type of
network in terms of
geographical area?

A

Extended (or wide area)
TDMM.* Page 15-1

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19
Q

How much area does
a PAN cover?

A

An area generally associated
with an individual workspace
TDMM.* Page 15-1

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20
Q

How much area does
a LAN cover?

A

An area generally associated
with some or all of the space
within a building
TDMM.* Page 15-2

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21
Q

How is a CAN created?

A

By linking the LANs located in
two or more buildings that are in
close proximity to each other
TDMM.* Page 15-2

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22
Q

How is a MAN created?

A

By linking the networks located
at two or more sites within a city
TDMM.* Page 15-2

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23
Q

How is a WAN created?

A

By linking the networks located
at two or more sites, distributed
over geographic distances that
extend beyond the span of a
single metropolitan area
TDMM.* Page 15-3

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24
Q

What is the
OSI Reference Model?

A

A framework for classifying all
of the processes associated
with message exchange on a
network
TDMM.* Page 15-4

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25
Q

What is the objective of the
OSI model?

A

To provide a structured
approach for the development
of all types of networks
TDMM.* Page 15-4

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26
Q

True or False
The OSI model can be
used to describe any
type of network.

A

True. Because it uses a broad
definition of a system, the OSI
model can be used to describe
any type of network, from a
residential LAN to the Internet.
TDMM.* Page 15-4

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27
Q

Describe layering in terms
of the OSI model.

A

An approach that divides various
functions and services provided
by a network into discrete
groupings
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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28
Q

How many layers are used
in the OSI model?

A

7
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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29
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model makes it possible for
applications running on
dissimilar systems to use a
network to exchange
information?

A

Layer 7
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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30
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model is responsible for
data conversion?

A

Layer 6
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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31
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model synchronizes and
manages data transfer
between network devices?

A

Layer 5
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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32
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model makes it possible to
assign various levels of
quality to the data transfer
process?

A

Layer 4
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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33
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model is responsible for
internetwork data transfer?

A

Layer 3
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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34
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model is responsible for
intranetwork data transfer?

A

Layer 2
TDMM: Page 15-5

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35
Q

Which layer of the OSI
model is responsible for
the transfer of information
over various media?

A

Layer 1
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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36
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 7 of
the OSI model?

A

Application
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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37
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 6 of
the OSI model?

A

Presentation
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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38
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 5 of
the OSI model?

A

Session
TDMM.* Page 75-5

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39
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 4 of
the OSI model?

A

Transport
TDMM: Page 15-5

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40
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 3 of
the OSI model?

A

Network
TDMM.* Page 75-5

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41
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 2 of
the OSI model?

A

Data Link
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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42
Q

What type of services are
provided by Layer 1 of
the OSI model?

A

Physical
TDMM.* Page 15-5

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43
Q

How are layers in the
OSI model connected?

A

In vertical form, also called a
stack or protocol stack
TDMM.* Page 15-6

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44
Q

What are the connection
points between layers in a
protocol stack?

A

Service APs
TDMM.* Page 15-6

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45
Q

What happens in the OSI
layers when a message
transfer starts between
two systems?

A

A peer-to-peer relationship is
established between the
corresponding layers in the
protocol stack of each system.
TDMM.* Page 15-6

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46
Q

Name 4 common types o
network hardware.

A

1 .Stations
2.Servers
3.Switches
4.Routers
TDMM.* Page 15-8

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47
Q

What device is used to
access an organizational
network?

A

Station
TDMM.* Page 15-8

48
Q

What type of station
connects the network over
cabling or a short-range
wireless connection?

A

Local station
TDMM.* Page 15-8

49
Q

What type of station
connects the network over
a wired or wireless
telecommunications circuit
managed by an SP?

A

Remote station
TDMM.* Page 15-8

50
Q

What is the most common
type of local station?

A

Desktop computer
TDMM.* Page 15-8

51
Q

When would a station be
configured without internal
storage devices and with
the external storage
devices disabled?

A

Whenever data security
is critical
TDMM.* Page 15-8

52
Q

What hardware component
connects a station to the
network medium?

A

Network interface card (NIC)
TDMM.* Page 15-8

53
Q

Which device manages one
or more resources shared by
users and administrators on
a network?

A

Server
TDMM.* Page 15-9

54
Q

Name 2 advantages of
server virtualization.

A

1 .Space savings
2.Ease of configuration and
maintenance by network
administrators
TDMM.* Page 15-9

55
Q

What is server clustering?

A

Linking multiple servers together
to provide greater performance
and lower response times
than a single server
TDMM.* Page 15-10

56
Q

What is failover access?

A

A process in which all activities
for a single failed server will
switch over to one or more of
the other servers in a cluster
TDMM.* Page 15-10

57
Q

Define high availability in
terms of server clustering.

A

The improved network reliability
enabled by clustering
TDMM.* Page 15-10

58
Q

Which network access
device provides a
centralized point for LAN
communications, media
connections, and
management activities?

A

Switch
TDMM.* Page 15-70

59
Q

At which OSI model layer(s)
does a switch function?

A

1 .Layer 2
2.Layer 3
TDMM.* Page 15-10

60
Q

What is a router?

A

A combination of hardware and
software, typically in the form of
a specialized device
TDMM.* Page 15-70

61
Q

What process allows
network administrators to
direct, modify, and refine
network traffic flows on the
basis of organizational
priorities?

A

Traffic engineering
(traffic shaping)
TDMM.* Page 15-12

62
Q

What term is used to
describe the process of
running multiple OSs
simultaneously in a single
server?

A

Server virtualization
TDMM.* Page 15-13

63
Q

How does storage
virtualization provide
flexibility?

A

By enabling many storage units
to appear and be managed as a
single consolidated pool
on the network
TDMM.* Page 15-13

64
Q

Name the 4 components
of a thin client device.

A

1 .Monitor
2.Keyboard
3.Mouse
4.Network connection
TDMM.* Page 15-13

65
Q

How does station
virtualization improve
security?

A

All data remains in the computer
room (CR), so no information is
lost if the thin client device
is stolen.
TDMM.* Page 15-13

66
Q

Name 3 types of software
that are used to transform
a stand-alone computer
into a network station.

A

1 .Drivers
2.Utilities
3.Clients
TDMM.* Page 15-14

67
Q

What type of software is
needed to link a station’s
NIC to the OS?

A

Driver
TDMM.* Page 15-14

68
Q

What is an integrated set of
programs designed to
control and coordinate all
access to network
resources?

A

Network operating system
(NOS)
TDMM.* Page 15-14

69
Q

What does the directory
service of a NOS provide to
users and administrators?

A

A global view of the
organizational network
TDMM.* Page 15-14

70
Q

What is a flat network?

A

A conventional LAN that uses a
single broadcast domain to span
all of its hubs and switches as
well as the devices connected to
their ports
TDMM.* Page 15-14

71
Q

What devices does a VLAN
use to divide a single
broadcast domain into
multiple smaller ones?

A

Routers
TDMM.* Page 15-14

72
Q

Name 3 advantages of
implementing VoIP.

A

1 .Cost savings resulting from
fewer telecommunications
circuits
2. Toll-free calling
3.Simplified management of a
single converged network
TDMM.* Page 15-15

73
Q

Define unified
communications.

A

The convergence of VoIP
technology with softphone
capabilities, P TP video
communications, instant
messaging (chat) services, and
presence (real-time status
indicator)
TDMM.* Page 15-16

74
Q

Why might UC allow for
fewer copper pairs to be
provided to a building?

A

Because the majority of the
voice connectivity runs over
the data network
TDMM.* Page 15-16

75
Q

Why might some traditional
analog lines need to remain
in a building when a UC
solution is implemented?

A

To accommodate fax lines,
elevator phones, or
other utility lines
TDMM.* Page 15-16

76
Q

What does real-time
describe when it is applied
to video communications?

A

The capture and transfer of
video from its source to the
screen With
minimal delay
TDMM.* Page 15-17

77
Q

What does stored-and-
forward describe when
it is applied to video
communications?

A

The process where video is
stored for future playback
TDMM.* Page 15-17

78
Q

Name 2 criteria for
classifying video services.

A

1 .Number of stations
simultaneously receiving the
same video content from the
sending device
2.Direction of transfer of the
video content
TDMM.* Page 15-17

79
Q

Name 4 types of video
communications.

A

1 .PTP unidirectional
2.PTP bidirectional
3.Point-to-muItipoint unidirectional
4. Point-to-multipoint bidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-17

80
Q

What type of network video
communications transfers
content in one direction
and uses one station to
receive the content?

A

Point-to-point unidirectional
TDMM: Page 15-17, Figure 15.7

81
Q

What type of network video
communications transfers
content in two directions
and uses one station to
receive the content?

A

Point-to-point bidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-17, Figure 75.7

82
Q

What type of network video
communications transfers
content in one direction
and uses more than one
station to receive
the content?

A

Point-to-multipoint unidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-17, Figure 15.7

83
Q

What type of network video
communications transfers
content in two directions
and uses more than one
station to receive
the content?

A

Point-to-multipoint bidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-17, Figure 75.7

84
Q

What type of network video
communications is used to
send an image via
webcam?

A

PTP unidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-18

85
Q

What type of network video
communications is used
for webcasting?

A

Point-to-multipoint unidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-18

86
Q

What type of network video
communications is used
for multiplayer gaming?

A

Point-to-multipoint bidirectional
TDMM.* Page 15-18

87
Q

Why is videoconferencing
the most demanding
network application from a
resource perspective?

A

Because it requires a constant
minimum data transfer rate
between stations
TDMM.* Page 15-18

88
Q

Name the 2 design
processes that are used to
produce a comprehensive
set of designs for a
proposed network.

A

1 .FunctionaI (top-down)
2.Physical (bottom-up)
TDMM.* Page 15-19

89
Q

What does a network
designer assess first during
the functional design
process?

A

Types of users and applications
likely to be supported by the
proposed network
TDMM.* Page 15-19

90
Q

What does a network
designer assess first during
the physical design
process?

A

The sites where the proposed
network is to be deployed
TDMM.* Page 15-20

91
Q

Where are computer rooms
(CRs) traditionally used?

A

In data centers
TDMM.* Page 15-21

92
Q

Name the 2 primary
components of network
redundancy.

A
  1. Telecommunications
    infrastructure
    2.Hardware infrastructure
    TDMM.* Page 15-21
93
Q

What topology class is
used for the basic
telecommunications
infrastructure?

A

Class 1
TDMM.* Page 15-21

94
Q

What is the primary
difference between a
Class 1 and a Class 2
telecommunications
infrastructure?

A

In a Class 2 infrastructure, the
ER is served by at least two
connections from the same or
different AP networks. The
Class 1 infrastructure has only
one connection to the AP
network.
TDMM: Page 15-22, Figures 15.10 and 15.11

95
Q

Where does a Class 3
system offer redundancy?

A

At the system level
TDMM.* Page 15-23

96
Q

How much separation
should be maintained
between incoming services
in a Class 3 data center?

A

20 m (66 ft)
TDMM.* Page 15-23

97
Q

How many HDAs are
required in each equipment
distribution area in a
Class 4 infrastructure?

A

2
TDMM.* Page 15-24

98
Q

How many single points of
failure are permitted in a
Class 4 infrastructure?

A

0
TDMM.* Page 15-24

99
Q

What is the purpose of a
redundant core switch?

A

It provides a backup connection
to each server through a second
network interface, thereby
providing additional fault
tolerance.
TDMM.* Page 15-26

100
Q

What is the main challenge
associate with designing a
cabling system in the CR?

A

The expected useful life of the
cabling infrastructure
TDMM.* Page 15-29

101
Q

Name 3 topologies that are
used in a CR.

A

1 .Centralized
2.End-of-row (in-row)
3. Top-of-rack
TDMM: Page 15-29

102
Q

Which CR topology uses
the most cabling?

A

Centralized
TDMM.* Page 15-30

103
Q

Name 2 advantages of a
centralized topology.

A

1 .Centralized access to all CR
switch connections
2.Equipment cost savings due to
the need for fewer switches
than the other topologies
TDMM.* Page 15-30

104
Q

How many levels of
switches are used in an
end-of-row topology?

A

2
TDMM.* Page 15-31

105
Q

Does the end-of-row
topology use more or
less cabling than the
centralized topology?

A

Less
TDMM.* Page 15-32

106
Q

Which topology uses more
switches: centralized or
end-of-row?

A

End-of-row
TDMM.* Page 15-32

107
Q

Which data center topology
uses the least amount
of cabling?

A

Top-of-rack
TDMM.* Page 15-32

108
Q

What type of design is
recommended for a
campus network?

A

Centralized
TDMM.* Page 15-33

109
Q

Name 2 hardware
components associated
with a multisite network.

A

1 .Switch/router with internal or
external telecommunications
circuit interface(s)
2. Telecommunications circuit(s)
linking site to the SP facility
TDMM: Page 15-35

110
Q

Name 3 components that
are used to direct message
traffic in a multisite
network.

A

1 .Dedicated P TP circuit
2.Private network owned by one
or more SP
3.Public Internet
TDMM.* Page 15-36

111
Q

Name 3 dedicated circuit
designs that can be used
for a WAN with dedicated
circuits.

A

1 .Centralized
2.Partial mesh
3.Full mesh
TDMM.* Page 15-36

112
Q

What is a WAN hub?

A

A central site in a WAN where
two or more remote sites
are linked
TDMM.* Page 15-36

113
Q

What is a disadvantage
associated with centralized
WAN designs?

A

The potential for total WAN
failure in the event of disruption
at the central WAN hub
TDMM: Page 15-37

114
Q

How does a partial mesh
WAN design eliminate the
risk of a single point
of failure?

A

By linking each site in the WAN
to two other sites, so traffic can
be rerouted in the event
of a single link failure
TDMM.* Page 15-37

115
Q

How does a full mesh WAN
design link sites?

A

It links each site to all
other sites in the WAN.
TDMM.* Page 15-40

MJ Class (23 decks)

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