Chapter 14 Flashcards
AHU
Air-Handling Unit
A device that monitors and
controls the air by volume
temperature, and humidity before
being released into a specified
building area. Typically, an AHU
consists of a fan, hot or cold coils,
and supplv and return ducts and
dampers. The AHU mixes indoor
and outdoor air and passes the
mixture of air through the coils.
TDMM.* Page G-6
BAS
Building Automation System
A control system consisting of
hardware (e.g., controllers, optical
fiber system (BAS) cabling,
input/output devices) and a
software application or suite of
software applications that
automate the electrical,
mechanical, or other building and
facility subsystems.
TDMM.* Page G-24
BIM
Building Information Modeling
The process (and supporting
software) of generating and
managing building data during its
life cycle using three-dimensional,
real-time graphical images with
substantial imbedded data about
each object. This allows
interactions and conflicts to be
automatically highlighted.
TDMM.* Page G-25
BMS
Building Management System
A system that provides centralized
monitoring of two or more building
systems that are typically
controlled by a buildina automation
system (BAS). A building
management system (BMS) may
also provide control functionality of
the individual BAS system.
TDMM.* Page G-25
CP
Consolidation Point
A connection facility within a
horizontal cabling subsystem for
interconnection of communication
cables extending from building
pathways into furniture pathways
or modular wall partitions to the
equipment outlet.
TDMM.* Page G-45
DDC
Direct Digital Control
A control loop used in building
automation systems (BAS) in
which a microprocessor-based
controller controls equipment (e.g.,
air handlers, chillers, boilers) based
on sensor inputs and set-point
parameters according to a
sequence of operations.
TDMM.* Page G-59
EAC
Electronic Access Control
A system composed of computer
software and hardware for
managing access to identified
spaces through the use of
established securitv levels, issued
credentials, and peripheral
electronic hardware, Includin door
contacts, request to exit (Rtx)
devices, card readers and
electronic locking hardware.
TDMM.* Page G-68
ESS
Electronic Safety and
Security System
Systems that utilize analog and
digital transmission of data in
addition to mechanical or
electrical methods to enhance
the safety and security
of a facility.
TDMM.* Page G-68
EMS
Energy Management System
A computerized monitoring and
control system used to manage
and provide operational
efficiency for electrical power,
heating, ventilation, and air-
conditioning (HVAC), and
lighting control systems.
TDMM.* Page G-70
EOLR
End-of-Line Resistor
A resistor that permits active
monitoring of a two-wire circuit
by using low-level circuit current
to detect a short or break.
TDMM: Page G-70
HC (FD)
Horizontal Cross-Connect
(Floor Distributor)
A group of connectors (e.g.,
patch panels, punch-down
blocks) that allow horizontal,
backbone, and equipment
cabling to be cross-connected
with patch cords or jumpers.
TDMM.* Page G-93
HCP
Horizontal Connection Point
A device in a BAS system
that allows coverage area
connections to be reconfigured.
TDMM.* Page 14-34
IB
Intelligent Building
A building that provides a
productive and cost-effective
environment through
optimization of its structure,
systems, services, and
management as well as the
interrelationships between them.
TDMM.* Page 14-2
IP
Internet Protocol
The Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) Reference
Model Layer 3 (network layer)
protocol most commonly used
for internetworking. Required for
communications over
the Internet.
TDMM.* Page G-100
MC (CD)
Main Cross-Connect
(Campus Distributor)
The cross-connect normally
located in the (main) equipment
room for cross-connection and
interconnection of entrance cables,
first-level backbone cables, and
equipment cables. Campus
distributor is the international
equivalent term for main
cross-connect.
TDMM.* Page G-115
MPTL
Modular Plug Terminated Link
A copper cable incorporating a
standard RJ45 plug on one end
with a RJ45 jack on the
opposing end.
TDMM.* Page G-123
ROI
Return on Investment
The ratio of money gained or
lost on an investment relative to
the amount of money invested.
TDMM.* Page G-165
SCADA System
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System
A control system composed of programmable logic controllers (Plns), data inputs to the PLCs custom software, and electrically operated circuit breakers in the distribution gear. All these combine
to form a system that allows automatic operation and monitoring of the electrical system through control panel workstations.
TDMM.* Page G-188
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
An Open Systems Interconnection
(OSI) Reference Model Layer 4
connection-oriented protocol. TCP
supports reliable, end-to-end
transmission of data by allowing
for guaranteed delivery and
sequencing of message segments.
TDMM.* Page G-198
Name the 2 systems that
are the basis of an
intelligent building (1B).
*Building automation system
(BAS)
Building management system
(BMS)
TDMM. Page 14-7
Name 6 functions
of the BAS.
1 .HVAC
2.EMS
3.Lighting control
4.Window and shade controls
5.Digital signage
6.Security and access control
systems, including video
surveillance
TDMM.* Page 14-1
Name 2 benefits of using a common cabling system for voice, data, video, and BAS systems.
- Reduces construction and operational costs
- Creates an opportunity for an IB
TDMM.* Page 14-7
Name 4 features that
power-limited (low-voltage)
systems have in common.
1 . Telecommunications cabling
2. Transmission characteristics
3.Pathway requirements
4.Common/similar governing
codes and standards
TDMM.* Page 14-2
How often are BAS
products and technologies
typically upgraded?
Every 5 to 7 years
TDMM.* Page 14-3
What is the typical life cycle
of a building structure?
40+ years
TDMM.* Page 14-3, Figure 14.1
What is the typical life cycle
of an office automation
system?
1 to 3 years
TDMM.* Page 14-3, Figure 14. I
What is the typical life cycle
of the telecommunications
infrastructure in a building?
3 to 5 years
TDMM.* Page 14-3, Figure 14.1
Name 3 important
considerations for
selecting a BAS.
1 .Flexibility
2.Scalability
3.Functionality
TDMM.* Page 14-3
Name 4 standard
features of a BAS.
1 .Common interface
2.Open system standards
3.Internet technology
4.Advanced integration
TDMM.* Page 14-4
How much can a total
systems integration
approach reduce the costs
of cabling-related changes?
By 25 to 40 percent
TDMM.* Page 14-5
Name 3 benefits of ICT
system technologies.
1 .Easier and centralized software
updates
2.Reduced maintenance
3.Local operation using slim,
low-cost clients that require only
a browser
TDMM.* Page 14-5
Name 2 operational
benefits of EAC/BAS
integration.
1 .Sharing of database records
2.Having only one integrated
cabling system to administer
TDMM.* Page 14-7
Name 5 benefits of a
correctly designed HVAC
control system.
1 .Comfortable environment for the
occupants
2.0ptimized energy cost and
consumption
3.1mproved employee productivity
4.Control of smoke in the event of
a fire
5.Support for the operations of
computer and other
telecommunications equipment
TDMM.* Page 14-7
What does “digital” in
digital device control (DDC)
reference?
The digital processing of data
TDMM.* Page 14-9
Name 5 common
strategies used by EMSs to
control and monitor power.
- Scheduling
- Peak demand load shedding
- Event-initiated control
- Energy consumption and demand monitoring
- Optimal starting and stopping of equipment
TDMM.* Page 14-10
Name 2 items most utility
companies use as the
basis of the monthly
electricity charges for
commercial facilities.
1 .Consumption
(e.g., kilowatt-hour)
2.Demand (e.g., kilowatt)
TDMM.* Page 14-11
What is the basis of a
consumption charge?
The total amount of electricity
used during the monthly period
TDMM.* Page 14-11
How do most companies
calculate demand?
By measuring the electricity
being used during any 1 5-minute
interval during the monthly
billing period
TDMM.* Page 14-11
Which EMS program
minimizes HVAC operating
time by calculating how to
achieve occupancy
temperature at the
start of the day?
Optimum start
TDMM.* Page 14-13
What is the purpose of an
optimum stop program
for an EMS?
To minimize the HVAC operating
time by calculating how long
stored energy can maintain
occupancy temperature
at the end of the day
TDMM.* Page 14-13
How do night cycle
programs maintain
temperature limits during
periods when the facility
is unoccupied?
By closing outside dampers and
cycling air handling units
TDMM.* Page 14-13
What does a night purge
program use to pre-cool the
building before the
mechanical system is
turned on?
Cool, night outside air
TDMM.* Page 14-13
Which program ensures
that only the minimum
amount of cooling or
heating energy is used to
satisfy load requirements?
Load reset
TDMM.* Page 14-13
Describe how a zero energy
band program works
in an EMS.
It creates a dead band
where neither heating
nor cooling is used.
TDMM.* Page 14-13
Lighting may account for
up to _ percent of the
electrical operational costs
in a commercial building.
Lighting may account for
up to 40 percent of the
electrical operational costs
in a commercial building.
TDMM.* Page 14-14
Name 2 advantages
associated with using low-
voltage timers for a lighting
control system.
1 .Safer than high-voltage timers
2.More cost-effective than high
voltage timers
TDMM.* Page 14-14
Name 6 strategies that can
be used to reduce the
energy demand and
consumption of lighting.
1 .Fixed power reduction
2.Occupancy-based, time of day, and
on/off control
3.Vacancy sensors
4.Daylight harvesting
5.Daylight limiting
6.FIuorescent lamp lumen
depreciation compensation
TDMM: Page 14-14
What is one of the simplest
forms of lighting control?
Fixed power reduction
TDMM.* Page 14-74
What is an important safety
consideration when using
occupancy-based lighting
control?
Individual occupants should be
able to easily schedule or
control lighting in areas with
safe entry and exit when
working after hours.
TDMM.* Page 14-15
Why do vacancy sensors
save more energy than
occupancy sensors?
Because the occupants
determine when the lighting is
needed, reducing the power
consumption when rooms are
occupied and automatic turn on
is not necessary
TDMM.* Page 14-15
Where is daylight
harvesting typically used?
In new buildings
TDMM.* Page 14-15
What is an advantage of
using demand limiting?
Demand lighting provides a
kilowatt reduction directly
proportional to the amount the
lights are dimmed and is
accomplished in a manner
unnoticeable to the occupants.
TDMM.* Page 14-15
How long does it typically
take for the light output of
a fluorescent lamp to
deteriorate?
3 years (and stops at a level
approximately 70 percent of the
light output of a new lamp)
TDMM.* Page 14-16
What is the objective
of BAS?
To centralize and simplify
building monitoring, control,
operation, and management
TDMM.* Page 14-17
Name the 3 hierarchical
levels of microprocessor-
based BAS controllers.
1 .Field-level controllers
2.System-level controllers
3.Management-level processors
TDMM.* Page 14-17
Why are field-level
controllers networked
on a bus?
So information can be shared
with processors at the system
and management levels
TDMM.* Page 14-19
How do system-level
controllers respond if the
communications bus
is lost?
The controller will operate in
standalone mode to provide
system survivability.
TDMM.* Page 14-19
What are the primary tasks
performed by the a
processor?
Collect, store, and process
historical data that provide a
tool for the long-term
management and use
of the facility
TDMM.* Page 14-20
What does BAS software
determine?
1 .How the interaction takes place
2.How the data is displayed
3.How printer output is formatted
TDMM.* Page 14-20
Why are communications
protocols an essential
element of the BAS
configuration?
Because of the amount of data
being transferred from one
point to another
* Because distributed processors
may be dependent on each
other for data pertinent to
resident programs
TDMM. Page 14-21
What type of
communications protocol
did early BAS use?
Poll response protocols
TDMM.* Page 14-21
What type of
communications protocol
do most BAS use today?
Peer protocols
TDMM.* Page 14-21
Name 4 types of signals
transmitted and received
by BAS controllers.
1 .Analog inputs
2.Analog outputs
3.DigitaI inputs
4.DigitaI outputs
TDMM.* Page 14-23
Describe an analog input.
An external device that sends
proportional or continuously
changing signals to the
controller (e.g., humidity and
temperature sensor)
TDMM.* Page 14-23
What type of sensor sends
a two-state, on-off, or two-
position signal to a
controller?
Digital input
TDMM.* Page 14-23
How does a BAS device
control a specific function?
By using input from a device and
output from the controller
TDMM.* Page 14-23
Which sections of the
construction specifications
have traditionally been
used to specify cabling
for BAS?
The mechanical and
electrical sections
TDMM.* Page 14-29
Name 3 methods for
connecting a BAS device to
the horizontal cabling in a
star topology.
1 .A coverage area cable and a BAS
outlet
2.A coverage area cable and an
HCP
3.The horizontal link directly
terminated on the BAS device
connector
TDMM.* Page 14-30
What is the typical size of a
coverage area in a
commercial building?
23m2 (248 ft2)
TDMM.* Page 14-33, Table 14.1
What is the typical size of a
coverage area in a
commercial indoor
parking area?
One coverage area every
50 m2 (538 ft2)
TDMM.* Page 14-33, Table 14.1
What is the typical size of
a coverage area in a
mechanical room?
One coverage area every
5m2 (54 ft2)
TDMM.* Page 14-33, Table 14.1
What is the purpose
of an HCP?
To allow a coverage area
connections to be reconfigured
TDMM.* Page 14-34
How many HCPs should be
placed in a horizontal link?
No more than 1
TDMM.* Page 14-34
True or False
The functions of a CP/HCP
can be combined within the
same zone box.
True. The functions of a CP/HCP
can be combined within the
same zone box.
TDMM.* Page 14-34
How many links should an
HCP serve?
A maximum of 12
TDMM.* Page 14-34
Should BAS signals share
the same horizontal cable
as telecommunications
signals?
No. BAS signals should not
share the same horizontal cable
as telecommunications signals.
TDMM.* Page 14-35
Can BAS and
telecommunications
signals share the same
backbone cable?
Yes. BAS and
telecommunications
signals can share the same
backbone cable but should not
share the same binder group
within a multipair cable.
TDMM.* Page 14-40
Should BAS and
telecommunications
signals share the same
binder group within a
multipair cable?
No. BAS and
telecommunications signals
should not share the same
binder group within
a multipair cable.
TDMM.* Page 14-40
Name 3 factors that are
used to calculate BAS
backbone distribution
system requirements.
1 .Number of pairs required for
each device or branch
2.Number of systems to be
integrated with a minimum of one
binder group for each system
3.Distance limitations of the
devices versus the quantity of
devices
TDMM.* Page 14-40
How does consolidating
high- and low-voltage
cabling into a common
pathway usually affect
labor hours?
It usually reduces labor hours by
as much as 50 percent.
TDMM.* Page 14-45
What type of intelligence do
most modern BAS use?
Distributed intelligence
TDMM.* Page 14-47
How should balanced
twisted-pair cross-
connections for BAS
services be identified?
*With red insulator clips on the
balanced twisted-pair cross-
connect block on the terminating
hardware
*With a different colored balanced
twisted-pair cross-connection
conductor from the voice or data
services
TDMM: Page 14-49
