Chapter 12 Flashcards
Easement
A right acquired by one party to
use land belonging to another
party for a specific purpose.
TDMM.* Page G-65
HH
Handhole
A structure similar to a small
cable can be pulled, but not
large enough for a person to
fully enter to perform work.
TDMM.* Page G-90
Innerduct
A non-metallic duct, either
circular or fabric mesh, placed
within a larger pathway. (T IA)
TDMM.* Page G-97
MH
Maintenance Hole
1 .A vault located in the around or
earth as part of an underground duct
system and used to facilitate placing,
splicing, and maintenance of cables,
as well as the placing of associated
equipment, in which it is expected
that a person will enter to perform
work.
2.A hole through which access to an
underground or enclosed structure
may be gained.
TDMM.* Page G-116
NI
Network Interface
The point of connection between
the AP network and private
network. Also referred to as the
demarcation point or DP.
TDMM: Page 12-23
OSP
Outside Plant
1 . Telecommunications
infrastructure designed for
installation exterior to buildings
and is typically routed into the
entrance facility. (TIA)
2.Communications infrastructure
outside of the buildings/premises
using underground conduits and
vaults, direct-buried cable, aerial
plants, and wireless.
TDMM.* Page G-135
Service Diversity
The placing of alternate facilities
to temporarily replace the main
system in case of failure.
TDMM.* Page 12-17
Underground
Facilities
Cables that are placed in
subsurface conduits using MHS,
handholes, and/or pull boxes as
access points to the cable.
TDMM.* Page 12-1
Name 3 critical factors to
consider when planning for
maintenance and future
growth for a property where
campus backbone
cables exist.
1 .Familiarity with the routes and
spaces
2.Working capacity versus spare
cable capacity
3.Cable composition
TDMM.* Page 12-1
Name 5 advantages of
underground conduits.
- Provide out-of-sight service and maintain the property’s aesthetic appearance
- Are adaptable for future facility placement
or removal without disturbing the property - Are economical over a long life
- Provide additional physical cable protection
- Minimize the need for possible subsequent repairs to the property when growth is required for existing facilities
TDMM.* Page 12-1
Name 4 disadvantages of
underground conduits.
- Have a high initial installation cost
- Require careful route planning
- Provide a possible path for water or gas to enter the building if improperly sealed
- Usually require more installation time than aerial or direct-buried
installations
TDMM.* Page 12-2
Name 3 advantages of
direct-buried cabling.
- Provides out-of-sight service
and maintain the property’s
aesthetic appearance - Usually has a low initial
installation cost - Can easily bypass
obstructions
TDMM.* Page 12-3
Name 2 disadvantages of
direct-buried cabling.
- May be inflexible for future
service reinforcement or
changes - Does not provide physical
protection to the cable sheath
TDMM.* Page 12-3
Name 2 advantages of
aerial pathways.
- Usually can be installed
quickly - Are readily accessible for
maintenance
TDMM.* Page 12-5
Name 5 disadvantages of
aerial pathways.
- Affect the aesthetic appearance of the property
- Are subject to traffic and pedestrian clearances
- Could damage building exterior
- Are susceptible to environmental conditions
- Can be time consuming and expensive if “make ready” is required to attach to poles owned by others
TDMM.* Page 12-5
Name 4 ways to bring
balanced twisted-pair cable
onto a customer’s property.
1 .Underground entrances
2.Buried entrances
3.Aerial entrances
4. Tunnel systems
TDMM.* Page 12-6
What factors are used to
determine how many
conduits and how large the
conduits need to be for a
given telecom
service entrance?
The number, size, and types of
cable to be used to serve the
telecommunications
service entrance
TDMM.* Page 12-6
What are BICSl’s
recommendations for the
number and size of
conduits for each
telecommunications
service entrance point?
Four 103 metric designator
(4 trade size) conduits
with at least one spare
103 metric designator
(4 trade size) conduit
TDMM.* Page 12-6
Why are innerducts
recommended when
optical fiber cables will be
used inside conduits?
Innerducts are used to ensure
that the maximum amount of
cables can be placed in
the conduit.
TDMM.* Page 72-6
Why is a copper conductor
added to a conduit that
contains optical fiber
cabling?
For locating purposes
TDMM.* Page 12-7
Why would an access
provider and customer-
owned cabling need to share
a telecommunications
service entrance?
To reduce installation costs
TDMM.* Page 12-71
Name 3 risks associated
with sharing an entrance
conduit.
- May reduce the access provider’s or the customer’s ability to provide additional cable into the EFS
- Could damage both cable sheaths by abrasion if they are not installed properly
- May not be permitted by the access provider and/or AHJ
TDMM.* Page 12-7
True or False. The AP is
required to build the EF for
any facility where the AP
supplied the conduit from
the property line to
the building.
False. The AP does not have to
build the EF. In fact, in some
instances, the AP may have the
right to require the occupants to
build the EF.
TDMM.* Page 12-7
How many 90-degree
bends can be included
between pulling points
when installing
underground entrances?
No more than 2
TDMM.* Page 72-8
True or False
A 90-degree bend may be
exceeded if innerduct is
included in the conduit.
False. A 90-degree bend should
never be exceeded.
TDMM.* Page 12-8
How many conduits should
a property owner provide
from a point in the building
to the property line if the
building is not on the
property line?
2 or more
TDMM.* Page 12-8
Whom should you call
before digging the pathway
for direct-buried cabling?
The local underground
utilities center
TDMM.* Page 12-9
Name 3 methods that
should be used to prevent a
trench from caving in.
1 .Shoring
2.Sloping
3.Stepping (benching)
TDMM.* Page 12-9
What is the maximum
depth for the lower steps in
a trench that is deeper than
-1.52 m (5 ft)
-1.2 m (4 ft)
TDMM.* Page 12-9
What is the minimum clearance from the edge of an excavated dirt pile to the nearest edge of a stepped trench that is deeper than -1.52 m (5 ft)
=0.6 m (2 ft)
TDMM.* Page 12-9
What should be done to
prevent a sunken trench
appearance after the trench
is refilled with the
excavated dirt?
It should be tamped down, and
the area should be revisited later
to ensure that the trench is solid
with the surrounding
undisturbed earth.
TDMM.* Page 12-9
Name 2 limitations for the use of an aerial entrance in a small building.
1 .Less than 300 pairs and
30.5 m (100 ft) less in length
2.No other telecommunications
facility entrances
TDMM.* Page 12-10
Name 5 problems that
make aerial entrances
“undesirable.”
1 .Lack of mechanical protection for
the facility
2. Effect on the aesthetics of the
building
3.Clearance requirements
4.Storm-loading requirements
5.Possible path of electrical exposure
allowing transient currents to enter
the building
TDMM.* Page 12-10
When an aerial entrance is used, what is the maximum span permitted between the last pole and the building?
-30.5 m (100 ft)
TDMM.* Page 12-10
What is slack span
construction?
A method of aerial cable
installation that reduces tension,
so no guying is required
at either end
TDMM.* Page 12-10
What is one of the main
safety considerations
associated with designing
an aerial entrance?
Ensuring proper clearance and
separation from electrical power
lines and traffic
TDMM.* Page 12-70
When the small-diameter
drop method is used to
attach aerial cable to a
building, what is used to
support the cable?
A drop hook attached to a
conduit mast
TDMM.* Page 72-12
When should the small-
diameter drop method
be used?
When there are only minimal
circuit requirements
TDMM.* Page 12-72
What is the maximum
distance an aerial cable
may extend above the
roof line?
101.6 mm (4 in)
TDMM. Page 12-72
What is a campus
arrangement?
A large tract of land with
multiple buildings rather than
one high-rise building
TDMM.* Page 12-15
True or False
Individual buildings in a
campus arrangement may
be treated as stand-alone
projects.
True. Individual buildings may be
treated as stand-alone projects.
They may also be treated as part
of the overall design.
TDMM.* Page 12-15
True or False
If only one tenant occupies
a campus arrangement
complex, the main AP or
WAN terminal for the
complex may be located in
one of the buildings.
True. If only one tenant occupies
a campus arrangement complex,
the main AP or WAN terminal for
the complex may be located in
one of the buildings.
TDMM.* Page 12-15
True or False
An easement should be
applied for after excavation
work on private property
is finished.
False. Easements should be
applied for and granted before
any excavation work on private
property begins.
TDMM.* Page 12-16
What type of easement
must be obtained when
adjacent property owners
will be affected by
the work?
A perpetual easement
TDMM.* Page 12-16
How are utility lines
typically marked after they
are located?
With marker paint, flags,
and stakes
TDMM.* Page 72-16
Name 6 negative
consequences of
utility disruption.
1 .Loss of life and/or injury
2.Service outages
3.Heavy fines for disrupting the
contractor
4.Heavy construction fees to the
disrupting contractor for damages
5.Damage to property
6.Loss of revenue for businesses
TDMM.* Page 12-16
What telephone number is
used in the United States to
help companies locate
underground facilities?
811
TDMM.* Page 12-76
True or False
All utilities are required
to participate in local
one-call systems.
False. Utilities may not
participate in one-call systems.
Ask the local one call center
which utilities participate.
TDMM.* Page 12-17
What is the most critical
factor to consider when
you are determining the
necessary level Of
service diversity?
Balancing the cost
versus the risk
TDMM.* Page 12-17
When does full route
diversity occur?
When there is a 100 percent
physically separated route such
that the damage to the first
route cannot affect
the second route
TDMM.* Page 12-17
Where should the ICT
designer consider installing
dual service entrances?
In buildings that provide
mission-critical continuous
TDMM.* Page 12-18
True or False
OSP cables are
typically unlisted.
True. OSP cables are typically
unlisted because of the sheath
material and filling compounds
used within the cables.
TDMM.* Page 12-18
Where does BICSI
recommend that unlisted
OSP cable be terminated or
transitioned to listed cable?
As close as practical upon
entering the building
TDMM.* Page 12-18
What may be done to
extend the point of
entrance when bringing
unlisted OSP cable into
a building?
Place the entire length of
incoming cable within a rigid
metallic conduit or intermediate
metallic conduit.
TDMM.* Page 12-18
What is the minimum
required diameter for a
post (bollard) that is being
installed to protect
termination equipment
from motor vehicles and
other moving equipment?
=101.6 mm (4 in)
TDMM.* Page 12-20
How far should a post
(bollard) that is being
installed to protect
termination equipment
from motor vehicles and
other moving equipment
extend AFF or ground level?
At least 1067 mm (42 in)
TDMM.* Page 12-20
What grade of plywood is
required for the walls of
spaces where OSP cables
will be terminated?
AC grade or better
TDMM.* Page 12-20
What determines the size
of the room that will be
used for terminating
OSP cables?
*Type of facility
*Terminating hardware selected
Necessity for electrical
protection
TDMM. Page 12-21
Name 4 requirements for
the door to the dedicated
terminating space
for OSP cable.
1 .Open outward
2.Be lockable with access
control
3.Have the same fire-rating as
the room wall
4.Be at least =0.91 m (3 ft) wide
by zl .98 m (6.5 ft) high
TDMM.* Page 12-21
How far should conduits
entering a basement
terminate from the
finished wall?
=101.6 mm (4 in)
TDMM.* Page 12-22
How far should conduits
that enter from below
grade extend above
the finished floor?
=101.6 mm (4 in)
TDMM.* Page 12-22
How far should conduits
that enter through the
ceiling terminate below the
finished ceiling?
=101.6 mm (4 in)
TDMM.* Page 12-22
Why should the end of the
conduit that is inside the
building be sealed?
To prevent rodents, water, and
gases from entering the building
TDMM.* Page 12-22
What is the point of
connection between the
AP network and private
network?
Network interface (NI)/
demarcation point (DP)
TDMM: Page 12-23
What is the main
advantage of using a
centralized NI panel
or housing?
It offers the AP and private
network owners a single,
convenient test location for all
premises circuits.
TDMM.* Page 12-23
What is a possible
disadvantage of locating a
centralized NI panel in a
secured area?
AP and private network owners
may find access inconvenient if
they are required to contact
security or building engineers to
access the panel.
TDMM.* Page 12-23
What is a possible
disadvantage of locating a
centralized NI panel in an
unsecured area?
Privacy and security could be
compromised. Unauthorized
personnel could easily access
circuits and network media in an
unsecured location.
TDMM.* Page 12-23
What is soft digging?
The process of locating
underground facilities through
the use of nondestructive
vacuum excavation
TDMM.* Page 12-27
Name 3 methods for
locating underground
facilities.
1 .Electronic
2.Water vacuum
3.Air vacuum
TDMM.* Page 12-27
What is the purpose of
warning tape?
Helps to prevent
accidental dig-up
TDMM.* Page 12-27
What type of warning tape
should be used with optical
fiber cabling?
Detectable warning tape
TDMM.* Page 12-27
What is the
recommendation regarding
the depth of a trench?
The minimum depth should
allow for =610 mm (24 in) of
cover from the top of the cable
to final grade.
TDMM.* Page 12-28
What is the minimum
separation that must be
maintained between a gas
pipe and telecom cables
when they cross in a trench?
-152 mm (6 in)
TDMM.* Page 12-28, Table 12.3
What is the minimum
separation that must be
maintained between a street
railway and telecom cabling
in a trench?
1m (3.28 ft) below top of rail
TDMM.* Page 12-28, Table 72.3
Why is a backhoe
considered to be the most
appropriate way to dig
large trenches for multiple
ducts or cables?
Because it requires the work
area to be fenced in after
working hours, which addresses
the safety of the nearby
community
TDMM.* Page 12-30
Name 4 disadvantages
associated with using a
backhoe to dig trenches.
1 .Frequent repositioning to accommodate the backhoe’s reach
2. Substantial space required beside the trench to temporarily hold excavated dirt
3. Extensive surface restoration requirements after installations are complete
4. Restriction to open areas
TDMM.* Page 12-30
Name 3 alternatives to the
traditional backhoe method
for placing underground
and direct-buried facilities.
1 .Compact trencher
2.Vibratory plow
3.Horizontal directional drilling
TDMM.* Page 12-30
Why are different types of
transmission media
separated when they are
installed in the same
underground pathway?
Because separation provides:
*Ready identification
*Individual mechanical protection
Individual growth potential
TDMM. Page 12-32
How can you protect
conduit that passes under
roads, driveways, or
railroad tracks?
Encase the conduit in concrete.
TDMM.* Page 12-36
What should be done to
prevent conduits from
shearing?
Extend sleeves through the walls
into the undisturbed earth.
TDMM.* Page 12-36
Name 4 types of
corrosion-resistant conduit.
1 .Fiber or fiberglass
2.Concrete
3.Rigid galvanized metal
4.Rigid and non-rigid non-metallic
TDMM.* Page 12-36
How is most conduit listed?
By trade size
TDMM.* Page 12-36
How many covers are
required for an MH that
measures between
-3.7 m (12 ft) and
=6.1 m (20 ft) long?
2
TDMM.* Page 12-42
How many covers are
required for an MH that is
longer =6.1 m (20 ft)?
3
TDMM.* Page 12-42
What marking is typically
used for the cover of a
telephone MH?
T
TDMM.* Page 12-42
What does an S marking on
an MH cover typically
represent?
Signal
TDMM.* Page 12-42
What does a C marking on
an MH cover typically
represent?
Communication
TDMM.* Page 12-42
Where should the number
for an MH be placed?
On the inside collar of the MH
above the first step
TDMM.* Page 12-42
Name 3 benefits of placing
main conduit entry points
at opposite ends of an MH.
1 .Allows for an organized cable
formation
2.Maximizes the available
working space at the center of
the MH
3.Permits splaying the entry
points in certain installations
TDMM: Page 12-45
What is the strength
requirement for concrete
used for cast-in-place
MHs?
24,132 kPA (3500 psi)
TDMM.* Page 12-45
Why should precast MHS
be used whenever
possible?
For uniformity, economy, and
installation efficiency
TDMM.* Page 12-45
Name 2 instances when
site-cast MHS should
be used.
1 . The size required for the MH
exceeds the precast sizes.
2.Obstructions prohibit the use
of precast MHs.
TDMM: Page 72-45
Name 4 factors that should
be considered when
selecting the permanent
location for pole lines.
1 .Future road widening or
expansion
2.Expansion of other utilities
3.Special problems
4.Safety and convenience of
workers and the general public
TDMM.* Page 12-46
Name 3 considerations for
pole design.
1 .Pole-line classification
2.Storm loading
3.CIearance requirements
TDMM.* Page 12-46
When should self-
supporting cable be used
instead of lashed?
*It is available in the required
size.
*There is no existing strand.
*New cable cannot be lashed to
an existing cable.
Adequate space exists for
future growth.
TDMM. Page 12-46
What is basis of pole
class designations?
Design load not exceeding
a percentage of the
breaking strength
TDMM: Page 12-47
What type of loading refers
to wind pressure on
the attachments and
aboveground portion
of the pole?
Transverse storm loading
TDMM.* Page 72-47
What is vertical loading?
The weight of the attachments
and, on guyed poles, the vertical
component of the tensions
in the guys
TDMM.* Page 72-47
What can create a bending
moment on an aerial pole?
Eccentric loads or unbalanced
tensions at unguyed corners
and dead ends
TDMM: Page 12-47
True or False
The ICT designer is liable for
reporting any existing hazard
that must be corrected to the
responsible utility company
or owner.
True. The ICT designer is liable
for reporting any existing hazard
that must be corrected to the
responsible utility company
or owner.
TDMM.* Page 12-48
