Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Amplitude

A

The magnitude of a signal. When
represented as a wave, it
represents the intensity of the wave
or the distance of the wave’s
displacement from the midline.
TDMM.* Page 13-3

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2
Q

ER

A

Equipment Room
1 .An environmentallv controlled
centralized space for
telecommunications equipment that
usually houses a main or
intermediate cross-connect. (TIA)
2.An environmentally controlled space
for communications and data
processing equipment supporting
communications connectivity
infrastructure.
TDMM: Page G-71

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3
Q

Frequency

A

The number of cycles in a given
time period. Measured in hertz
or cycles per second.
TDMM.* Page 13-5

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4
Q

Harmonics

A

Higher frequency waves blended
with fundamental waveforms.
TDMM: Page 13-6

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5
Q

LED

A

Light-Emitting Diode
A semiconductor diode that
spontaneously emits incoherent
light from the p-n junction when
forward current is applied. It
converts information from
electrical to optical form. An LED
typically has a large spectral width.
LEDs are commonly used with
multimode optical fiber.
TDMM.* Page G-107

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6
Q

Phase

A

A waveform’s position in time
compared with another
waveform. Expressed in degrees,
with 360 degrees representing
one complete cycle of the
wavelength.
TDMM.* Page 13-4

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7
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance in between two
corresponding points of two
consecutive cycles.
TDMM.* Page 13-2

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8
Q

Name the 4 basic, but essential elements, of audiovisual (AV) design and integration.

A
  1. The hardware or the physical electronics connected together
  2. The software or programs loaded into the electronics to perform various AV tasks
  3. The environment or the space and infrastructure within which the hardware and software work.
  4. The content, which includes video, audio, and data material created and
    presented using the available software and hardware
    TDMM: Page 13-1
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9
Q

What term is used to
describe the action of
molecules pressing close
together?

A

Compression
TDMM: Page 13-2

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10
Q

What is a wavelength?

A

The distance in between two
corresponding points of two
consecutive cycles
TDMM.* Page 73-2

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11
Q

What term refers to the
magnitude of a signal?

A

Amplitude
TDMM.* Page 13-3

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12
Q

How does the human ear
perceive amplitude
of a sound?

A

As loudness or volume
TDMM.* Page 13-3

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13
Q

What is the relationship
between the amplitude of a
sound wave and
volume/loudness?

A

The greater the amplitude of
sound wave, the louder
the sound.
TDMM.* Page 13-3

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14
Q

How is loudness
measured?

A

In decibels of sound
pressure level (dB SPL)
TDMM.* Page 13-3

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15
Q

What is the dynamic range
of hearing for humans?

A

From the threshold of hearing to
the threshold of pain
(O to 120 dB SPL)
TDMM.* Page 13-3

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16
Q

What term is used to
express a waveform’s
position in time compared
with another waveform?

A

Phase
TDMM.* Page 13-4

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17
Q

How is a phase expressed?

A

In degrees, with 360 degrees
representing a complete cycle of
the wavelength
TDMM.* Page 13-4

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18
Q

What does it mean if a
wave is said to be 180
degrees out of phase with
another signal?

A

That one wave is at its
maximum pressure point and
the other is at its minimum
pressure point
TDMM.* Page 13-4

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19
Q

What phenomenon
can occur when two
mics close to each
other pick up sound at
different times?

A

Comb filtering
TDMM.* Page 13-4

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20
Q

How is frequency
measured in most cases?

A

Hertz (Hz) or cycles per second
TDMM.* Page 13-5

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21
Q

What is heard as a pure
tone or note?

A

Simple single sine waves
TDMM.* Page 13-5

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22
Q

What is the fundamental
waveform?

A

A sine wave
TDMM.* Page 13-5

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23
Q

What type of waveform
determines the sound
quality?

A

A complex waveform
TDMM.* Page 13-5

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24
Q

What are harmonics?

A

Higher frequency waves blended
with fundamental waveforms
TDMM.* Page 13-6

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25
What is wave-particle duality?
The two theories of light, where one theory states that light, like sound, is made of waves of energy and the other theory states that light is made of small particles called photons TDMM.* Page 13-7
26
How are waves of energy categorized?
By their wavelengths TDMM.* Page 13-7
27
What part of the electromagnetic spectrum can the human eye see?
A small section of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen by the human eye TDMM.* Page 13-7
28
What determines the color of a light wave?
The frequency TDMM.* Page 13-8
29
What color is at the center of the visible light spectrum?
Green TDMM.* Page 13-8
30
How is the amplitude of a light wave perceived by the human eye?
As brightness TDMM.* Page 13-8
31
How does amplitude affect the brightness of a light wave?
The greater the light wave's amplitude, the larger the wave's displacement from the midline and the light's brightness. TDMM.* Page 13-8
32
Why do light waves have different tints?
Because they have different distributions of color TDMM.* Page 13-8
33
What is color temperature?
A scientific measurement for the distribution of the colors radiating from a light source, which is expressed on the Kelvin scale TDMM.* Page 13-8
34
What is the basis of the Kelvin scale as applied to properties of light?
The color of light emitted when substance is heated TDMM.* Page 13-9
35
What temperatures are perceived as white?
3200 K 5400 K 6500 K 9300 K TDMM.* Page 13-9
36
What is the color temperature of candlelight?
1900 K TDMM.* Page 13-9, Table 13.1
37
What is the range of color temperature for a tungsten lamp?
3200 to 3400 K TDMM.* Page 13-9, Table 13.1
38
What is the color temperature for daylight, at noon with a cloudless sky?
Daylight: 5400 K Noon: 5500 K TDMM.* Page 13-9, Table 13.7
39
The higher the temperature, the ___ the light.
The higher the temperature, the bluer the light. TDMM.* Page 13-9
40
The lower the temperature, the ___ the light.
The higher the temperature, the redder the light. TDMM.* Page 13-9
41
What type of signals do humans produce and hear naturally?
Analog signals in the form of sound TDMM.* Page 73-10
42
What is the only real restriction to modern audio technology?
The human ear TDMM.* Page 13-70
43
What is the typical range of audio frequencies used by most audio equipment?
10 Hz to 30 kHz TDMM.* Page 13-10
44
True or False Modern AV systems no longer involve the use of analog signals.
False. Even though AV equipment is predominantly digital, AV systems will typically involve the use of analog audio signals. Such components may include microphones, speakers, mixers, and analog signal amplifiers. TDMM.* Page 13-70
45
Name 3 audio level categories.
1 .Microphone 2.Line 3.Speaker TDMM.* Page 13-10
46
Name the 2 typical types of line levels.
1. Professional (+4 dBu) 2. Consumer (-10 dB referenced to 1 V [dBu]) TDMM.* Page 13-10
47
What are the three connection points for a balanced audio circuit?
1 .Conductor carrying the signal just as it originated (+) 2.Conductor carrying the same signal with opposite polarity (-) 3.Electrical ground (usually the shield) TDMM.* Page 13-11
48
What makes a balanced circuit?
When the two signal conductors have the same impedance relative to ground TDMM.* Page 13-11
49
What is benefit of using balanced circuits?
They provide for a higher quality signal with less noise over long- distance cable runs. TDMM.* Page 13-71
50
Name 2 disadvantages associated with balanced circuits.
1 .Expensive to manufacture 2. Time-consuming to terminate TDMM.* Page 13-17
51
Why do microphone levels need to be balanced?
Because their extremely low level requires the best possible connection TDMM.* Page 13-71
52
What is the sampling rate?
The number of times a sample is taken per second TDMM.* Page 13-12
53
What does the Nyquist frequency represent?
The highest frequency of the analog signal being recorded. It is equal to half of the sampling rate. TDMM: Page 13-12
54
What is bit depth?
The number of bits that describe a signal value TDMM: Page 13-13
55
What is the resolution of a digital audio signal?
The range of numbers that can be assigned to each sample TDMM.* Page 13-73
56
What is quantization noise?
The error between the actual analog signal value and the digitized value TDMM.* Page 13-13
57
What bit resolution is commonly used with Internet voice devices?
8 bit TDMM.* Page 13-74, Table 13.3
58
What bit resolution is commonly used with audio digital versatile discs?
24 bit TDMM.* Page 13-74, Table 13.3
59
Name the 3 primary standards for analog video.
1 .NTSC 2.PAL 3.SECAM TDMM.* Page 13-15
60
What term describes the process of coordinating the signal information with respect to time?
Synchronization (sync) TDMM.* Page 73-16
61
Name 3 signals needed to create a complete a video image.
1 .Horizontal sync 2.Vertical sync 3.RGB TDMM.* Page 13-15
62
What term is used to describe the process that occurs in a cathode ray tube (CRT), where an electron beam moves in a sequenced and ordered manner, charging phosphors?
Scanning TDMM.* Page 13-16
63
What term refers to the range of frequencies that can pass through a medium?
Bandwidth TDMM.* Page 13-17
64
What is the bandwidth of human vision?
430 to 750 trillion Hz TDMM.* Page 13-77
65
How is bandwidth assessed in electronics?
In terms of frequency of voltage rather than light TDMM.* Page 13-17
66
What will happen when electronic frequencies fall out of a circuit's bandwidth?
The frequencies will no longer be detected. TDMM.* Page 13-77
67
How does composite sync affect signal stability?
Composite sync reduces signal stability. TDMM.* Page 13-78
68
True or False All full-bandwidth signals are too robust to be readily handled by most processing equipment.
True. All full-bandwidth signals are too robust to be readily handled by most processing equipment. TDMM.* Page 13-78
69
What is a method of creating bandwidth-limited signals that combines the sync information with the signals for brightness?
Luminance or luma (Y) TDMM.* Page 3-19
70
Human perception of light is most sensitive to the ___ spectrum of light.
Human perception of light is most sensitive to the yellow/green spectrum of light. TDMM: Page 3-79
71
Human perception of light is least sensitive to the ___ spectrum of light.
Human perception of light is least sensitive to the blue spectrum of light. TDMM.* Page 3-19
72
How does the color encoder or matrix create the Y?
It strips the brightness information from the RGB signals and adds it up to make the Y. TDMM.* Page 13-79
73
Why is component video used extensively in the production environment?
Because of its quality and lack of artifacts TDMM.* Page 13-79
74
What is an RF video?
A composite video with two audio channels TDMM.* Page 13-21
75
Name 5 common digital video interfaces.
1 .Digital video interface (DVI) 2.High-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) 3.DisplayPort 4.Serial digital interface (SDI) 5.HDBaseT TDMM.* Pages 13-22 to 13-24
76
Name the 3 primary digital television (DTV) standards.
1 .lntegrated services digital broadcasting 2.Digital video broadcasting 3.Advanced Television Systems Committee standard TDMM.* Page 13-25
77
Where is the integrated services digital broadcasting standard used?
Japan TDMM: Page 13-25
78
Where is the digital video broadcasting standard used?
Europe, Australia, and Asia TDMM.* Page 13-25
79
Where is the ATSC standard used?
North America TDMM: Page 13-25
80
What is the aspect ratio for SDTV programs?
4:3 TDMM.* Page 13-26
81
What is the aspect ratio for HDTV programs?
16:9 TDMM.* Page 13-26
82
What is serial communication?
A form of data communications where information is sent sequentially, one piece at a time, down a cable TDMM.* Page 13-26
83
What is the limit for cable length per RS-232 specifications?
A maximum cable length of -15.2 m (50 ft) TDMM.* Page 13-27
84
What would happen if the settings for an RS-232 device were incorrect?
The device would no longer be controllable, even with only one incorrect setting. TDMM.* Page 13-27
85
Why are RS-422 cable runs able to be longer than RS-232 cable runs?
Because RS-422 is balanced TDMM.* Page 13-27
86
What is the advantage of using RS-485 serial communications over RS-422?
The RS-485 signal supports multiple devices on the same line. TDMM.* Page 13-28
87
What is the communications protocol used for computer networking technologies over the Internet?
Transmission control protocol/lnternet protocol (TCP/lp) TDMM.* Page 13-28
88
Are IR controls one-way or two-way devices?
One-way TDMM.* Page 13-28
89
How do contact closures communicate?
Through changes in current or voltage TDMM.* Page 13-29
90
How many external devices can a single IEEE 1394 device support?
Up to 63 TDMM.* Page 13-29
91
What is the maximum bandwidth for USB 3.2?
SuperSpeed (20 Gb/s) TDMM.* Page 13-29
92
Why are dark wall colors used in projection rooms and movie theaters?
To absorb unwanted ambient light TDMM.* Page 13-30
93
What is the recommended aspect ratio to use when sizing presentation spaces?
2:1 TDMM: Page 13-31
94
What is the optimum viewing angle?
45 degrees horizontally to each side of the center axis of the display TDMM.* Page 13-32
95
What dictates the seating layout for a communications space?
AV sightlines TDMM: Page 13-32
96
What is the average seated head height?
1.2m (4 ft) TDMM.* Page 13-33
97
What is the average seated eye height?
1.07m (3.5 ft) TDMM.* Page 13-33
98
How are sightlines arranged in a single-row vision seating layout?
In single row vision, the vertical sightline of a viewer passes over the heads of the persons in the first row ahead. TDMM.* Page 13-34
99
How are sightlines arranged in a double-row vision seating layout?
In double-row vision, the vertical sightline passes between the heads of the persons in the first row ahead and over the heads of the persons in the second row ahead. TDMM: Page 13-35
100
What is millwork?
Ready-made and custom fit woodwork such as installed cabinetry, credenzas, shelving, doors, and baseboards TDMM.* Page 13-36
101
True or False All electronic equipment produces heat.
True. All electronic equipment produces heat. Any device that produces heat will have a heat load. TDMM.* Page 13-36
102
What is contrast ratio?
A ratio between the projected image and the ambient light condition at the image location TDMM.* Page 13-38
103
Name 3 advantages of liquid crystal displays (LCDs).
1 .More robust in terms of long- term performance 2.Resistant to image burn-in 3.Ability to re-lamp the LCD display for greater product longevity TDMM: Page 13-38
104
What is the most common disadvantage associated with LCDs?
No true black level, which adversely affects the color rendition TDMM.* Page 13-38
105
What makes LEDs ideal for outdoor applications even under daylight conditions?
Their extreme brightness TDMM.* Page 13-39
106
What is the most common disadvantage associated with organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays?
The limited lifespan of the organic materials TDMM.* Page 13-39
107
Name the 2 general categories of projection display solutions.
1 .Front projection 2.Rear projection TDMM.* Page 13-39
108
Which project display solution is the most commonly used today?
Front projection TDMM.* Page 13-39
109
True or False Typically, a rear projection space becomes an ER.
True. Typically, the rear projection space becomes an ER with space allocated for supporting equipment racks, installed video cameras, IR emitters, wireless microphone antennae, or audio loudspeakers. TDMM.* Page 13-41
110
What are the two basic types of loudspeaker systems?
1 .Program systems 2.Reinforcement systems TDMM: Page 13-44
111
Which type of loudspeaker system contains no microphones and is used strictly for the reproduction of recorded or transmitted audio?
Program system TDMM.* Page 73-44
112
Name the 3 main categories of audio materials.
1 .Vocal range 2.Full range 3.Extended range TDMM.* Page 13-44
113
What are the 2 main requirements for a program audio system?
1 .Loud enough 2.Intelligible TDMM.* Page 13-45
114
What performance criterion is used to rate loudspeakers?
Sensitivity, which is expressed as SPL TDMM.* Page 13-45
115
Name the 3 main requirements for a speech reinforcement system.
1.Loud enough 2.Intelligible 3.Stable TDMM.* Page 13-46
116
What is the design goal for a speech reinforcement system?
To ensure that audience members in the least favored listening positions (i.e., the farthest from the talker) receive the same listening experience as the audience members closer to the talker. TDMM.* Page 13-46
117
What are the 2 main variations for speech reinforcement systems?
1 .Point source (central cluster) 2.Distributed speech TDMM.* Page 13-47
118
Which loudspeaker placement method is preferred for covering a large area?
Point source TDMM.* Page 13-48
119
How will placing speakers more than *13.7 m (45 ft) above the talker affect the listeners?
The listeners who can hear direct sound from the talker as well as the reinforcement will hear an echo or some distortion. TDMM.* Page 13-48
120
For optimal distribution of the full range of important frequencies, overlap of as much as _ percent in adjacent loudspeaker distribution patterns is recommended.
For optimal distribution of the full range of important frequencies, overlap of as much as 50 percent in adjacent loudspeaker distribution patterns is recommended. TDMM.* Page 13-51
121
What do matrix routing switchers provide?
Connection of multiple inputs to multiple outputs TDMM: Page 73-53
122
Name 2 main reasons matrix routing switchers are not used in applications for distribution.
1 .Cost 2.SignaI performance TDMM.* Page 73-53
123
What is the purpose of signal conversion?
To create compatibility of signals for connection to devices, switching and routing, or specialty transmission TDMM.* Page 13-53
124
Name 4 aspects to consider when reviewing the setup for a working conference environment.
1.Type 2.Objective 3.Duration 4.Dynamics TDMM: Page 13-54
125
What is the goal of audioconferencing?
To enable two mutually distant groups of people, referred to as the local and remote talkers, respectively, to communicate with fast interaction and allow both parties to speak and be heard at the same time as if they were physically in the same room TDMM.* Page 13-54
126
An NC 30 rating corresponds to approximately _ dBA SPL of background noise.
An NC 30 rating corresponds to 40 dBA SPL approximately of background noise. TDMM.* Page 13-56
127
What has the largest impact on the audioconferencing quality?
The types and locations of microphones TDMM.* Page 13-56
128
Why are directional microphones the most common choice for conferencing systems?
*Rejection of the background noise *Reduction of reverberation/multipath *Rejection of the audio from the loudspeakers TDMM.* Page 13-57
129
Why are highly directional microphones not typically used in conferencing?
Because of the extremely narrow pickup pattern TDMM.* Page 13-57
130
What is the shape of the pickup pattern for a boundary microphone?
Half-spherical TDMM: Page 73-57
131
What term is used to describe the distance from the microphone where the reverberant sound field and the direct sound field from the local talker are equal in intensity?
The critical distance TDMM.* Page 13-58
132
What will happen to the sound quality if the microphone is placed outside the critical distance?
The resulting speech quality would be considered poor, characterized by a bottom-of- the-barrel or muffled sound. TDMM.* Page 13-58
133
Why is a lavalier style of wireless microphone a better choice than a handheld wireless microphone?
*Ensures that the microphone stays a constant distance from the talker's mouth *Minimizes the sound level variation to the remote participants in a conferencing application TDMM.* Page 13-59
134
When should a ceiling microphone be tested for audio quality?
As early in the design process as possible TDMM.* Page 13-60
135
How much room space will a ceiling microphone cover?
=9.3 m2 (100 ft2) TDMM.* Page 13-60
136
What is the role of the automatic microphone mixer?
To limit the number of open microphones or contributing audio at any given time to only the microphones associated with active talkers TDMM.* Page 13-60
137
When do acoustic echoes occur in audioconferencing applications?
When an open-air acoustic path exists between the local loudspeaker and the local microphone TDMM.* Page 13-61
138
What is the most common and reliable real-time communication network for audioconferencing?
PTSN TDMM.* Page 13-63
139
True or False Side-tone is desirable while talking on a handset.
True. Side-tone is desirable while talking on a handset; however, it is not desirable in a conferencing application. TDMM: Page 13-64
140
What is required to properly interface the telephone hybrid to the local telephone line characteristics?
A country code setting TDMM.* Page 13-65
141
How is the loudspeaker coverage angle defined?
By the angle where the loudspeaker levels are within 6 dB of the on-axis level TDMM: Page 13-65
142
What is the rule regarding how far to distribute loudspeakers?
Distribute the loudspeakers not farther than twice the distance from the ceiling to the listener's ear level. TDMM: Page 13-67
143
How are loudspeaker power ratings expressed?
In decibels SPL at 1m (3.28 ft) TDMM.* Page 13-68
144
What is the estimated transformer loss for each loudspeaker?
1 dB TDMM: Page 13-69
145
Choose an amplifier at _ to _ percent larger than the sum of the required loudspeaker power.
Choose an amplifier at 25 to 50% larger than the sum of the required loudspeaker power. TDMM.* Page 73-69
146
Why should a videoconference room be larger than a similarly populated basic meeting room?
Because the attendees must be spaced apart, so the far-end viewers can more easily see and differentiate those attendees TDMM.* Page 13-70
147
Where should the ICT designer consider locating a videoconference room?
In an interior room with ready access to public spaces in the building TDMM.* Page 13-70
148
What noise criterion (NC) guidelines are recommended for videoconference room needs?
NC 30 TDMM.* Page 13-70
149
Why should traditional long, narrow boardroom tables be avoided in any video- enabled space?
*From the view at the far-end, the scene will always appear to be a difficult picture to watch, especially with the unavoidable obstruction of participants' faces. *Camera operation also is compromised by this layout. TDMM.* Page 13-71
150
What is the best color to paint a wall that will be detected by the camera for a videoconferencing system?
Medium gray with a blue tint TDMM.* Page 13-71
151
Why must videoconference cameras be collocated with the far-end display?
To provide a sense of eye contact TDMM.* Page 13-72
152
How does increasing light affect the depth of field?
More light equals a greater depth of field. TDMM.* Page 13-75
153
Name 3 lighting conditions a camera will not tolerate.
1 .GIare 2.Wide differences in light levels 3.Lighting color variations TDMM.* Page 13-76
154
What is the usual dynamic range for videoconference systems?
200:1 TDMM.* Page 13-76
155
What device is used to convert analog and video signals into digits?
Codec TDMM: Page 13-76
156
True or False Videoconference system manufacturers provide microphones that are often adequate and should be used.
True. Videoconference system manufacturers provide microphones that are often adequate and should be used. TDMM.* Page 13-77
157
Name the 2 basic ISDN variations for videoconferencing.
1 .BRI 2.PRl TDMM.* Page 13-77
158
What is the primary purpose of a remote system for the AV system?
To integrate the operation of various devices onto a single control surface TDMM.* Page 13-79
159
What term is used to describe the control surface of the remote control system?
Graphical user interface (GUI) TDMM.* Page 13-80
160
How is a voice page made?
By dialing a code or pressing a button on a telephone and making an announcement TDMM.* Page 13-82
161
What are the 2 main technologies employed in paging systems?
1 .Centrally amplified systems 2.Distributed amplified systems TDMM.* Page 13-83
162
Name 2 types of amplifiers and loudspeakers that can be used in centrally amplified systems.
1 .Constant current 2.Constant voltage TDMM.* Page 13-83
163
How do distributed amplifier systems typically connect to the telephone system?
Through a control unit located at the headend equipment TDMM.* Page 13-83
164
What is direct sound?
The sound that travels directly from a loudspeaker to the listener TDMM.* Page 13-84
165
How is the ideal distribution for a loudspeaker system accomplished?
By locating the loudspeakers in a way that provides even coverage at the lowest wattage possible TDMM.* Page 13-84
166
What are the SPL requirements for a voice page?
At least 6 dB, but not more than 20 dB above the ambient noise level TDMM.* Page 13-84
167
What could happen to voice pages if the 6 dB level is not followed?
*May be lost in the ambient noise of the room *Will be unintelligible TDMM.* Page 13-84
168
What will happen to voice pages if the 20 dB ambient noise level is not followed?
The paging will be far too loud in areas closest to the loudspeakers and horns. TDMM.* Page 13-84
169
What are the 2 most common loudspeaker distribution patterns?
1 .Hexagonal 2.Square TDMM.* Page 13-85
170
Why is a hexagonal distribution pattern preferred for loudspeaker distribution?
Because it provides the most uniform coverage TDMM: Page 13-85
171
How far apart should loudspeakers be placed in a row if the area has a noise level of less than 70 dB?
Approximately twice the ceiling height TDMM.* Page 13-86
172
Where should wall- mounted loudspeakers mounted?
=2.4 m (8 ft) to -3.7 m (12 ft) above the floor TDMM: Page 13-86
173
Where should the first ceiling-mounted loudspeaker in hallway be placed?
=2.4 m (8 ft) from the end of the hall TDMM.* Page 13-87
174
What does phasing refer to when applied to loudspeakers?
Phasing refers to whether the diaphragms of two or more loudspeakers are moving inward or outward at the same times. TDMM.* Page 13-88
175
When are loudspeakers in-phase?
When their diaphragms are moving inward or outward at the same time TDMM.* Page 13-88
176
How do out-of-phase loudspeakers affect paging?
They reduce the overall sound volume and quality in the area. TDMM.* Page 13-88
177
What term describes an unwanted oscillation or tone that quickly grows in loudness?
Feedback TDMM.* Page 13-88
178
What constant voltage systems are commonly used?
*70 V system *25 V system TDMM.* Page 13-88
179
What is the purpose of a sound masking system?
To provide a masking noise in spaces where conversation may be distracting or where confidentiality of conversations is important TDMM.* Page 13-92
180
Name 3 major factors that affect a sound masking system.
1 . The office furniture orientation and absorption 2.Rating 3. The ceiling tile NRC TDMM.* Page 13-92
181
What is typically the largest contributor to the reduction of noise levels in the open office?
The ceiling TDMM: Page 13-92
182
What type of lighting should be used in a space that will use sound masking?
Indirect or task lighting TDMM.* Page 13-92
183
What is the measure of a space's noise level?
Noise Criterion (NC) TDMM: Page 73-92
184
To have a masking system acceptable to those working in the space, the NC should not be higher than
To have a masking system acceptable to those working in the space, the NC should not be higher than 35. TDMM.* Page 13-92
185
Name the 4 common components of a sound masking system.
1 .Masking noise generator 2.Equalizer 3.Amplifier 4.Loudspeaker TDMM.* Page 73-93
186
Describe pink noise.
Pink noise has equal energy across the octave bands where it produces noise. TDMM.* Page 13-93
187
True or False The same level of masking must be used throughout the facility.
False. Different levels of masking may be required for different types of areas in a facility, including hallways, lobbies, and restrooms. TDMM.* Page 13-94
188
What A1 level denotes no intelligibility?
0.00 TDMM.* Page 13-94
189
What A1 level denotes perfect intelligibility?
1.00 TDMM.* Page 13-94
190
What articulation index would predict a confidential level of speech privacy?
0.00 to 0.04 TDMM.* Page 13-95, Table 13.8
191
How difficult is it to eavesdrop in an environment the provides marginal privacy?
Not difficult. Marginal privacy implies minimal speech privacy, which means audible conversations will be distracting and eavesdropping will be easy. TDMM.* Page 13-95
192
What is the best level of privacy the ICT designer can expect from a properly designed sound masking system in an open office?
Normal privacy TDMM.* Page 13-95
193
Are conversations from adjacent rooms intelligible when confidential privacy is present?
No. Conversations from adjacent rooms are not intelligible when confidential privacy is present. TDMM.* Page 13-95
194
True or False Total privacy cannot be achieved with sound masking alone.
True. Total privacy cannot be achieved with sound masking alone. Special construction techniques are required to achieve this level of privacy. TDMM.* Page 13-95
195
What component binds the DDS network together?
The software application TDMM.* Page 13-97
196
Name 3 critical components of a DDS.
1 .Content creation 2.Scheduling and distribution 3.PIayback TDMM.* Page 13-98
197
What term refers to the actual time a person is in the location of the screen?
Dwell time TDMM.* Page 13-99
198
Name 3 locations where private cable systems are typically found.
1 .Office buildings 2.Industrial facilities 3.Schools TDMM.* Page 13-700
199
Name the 3 basic elements I of a cable system.
1 .Headend 2.Distribution system 3.Subscriber drop TDMM.* Page 13-700
200
What are the most common types of coaxial cable used in intrabuilding CATV systems?
*Series-6 eSeries-11 *12.7 mm (0.5 in) hardline Note: All are 75 ohm. TDMM: Page 13-107
201
What is programming?
The video and audio material that is broadcast over a cable system TDMM: Page 13-101
202
What type of coaxial cable is recommended to carry the signal from the antenna to the distribution system?
75-ohm coaxial cable TDMM.* Page 3-701
203
What is a satellite dish?
A parabolic antenna that receives RF signals sent by geostationary satellite transponders TDMM.* Page 13-701
204
How does the FCC define CAT v feed?
A service through which subscribers pay to have local TV stations and additional programs brought into their homes from an antenna via coaxial cable TDMM.* Page 73-101
205
Name the 2 basic topologies used in private CATV distribution systems.
1 .Home run 2. Trunk and tap TDMM.* Page 13-102
206
Which CATV topology is generally the least expensive means way to serve an area?
Trunk and tap TDMM.* Page 13-103
207
What type of device is used to convert from 75-ohm unbalanced coaxial to 100- ohm balanced twisted-pair cabling category 5e or better?
Balun TDMM.* Page 13-104
208
What length do most manufacturers use as the maximum distance limitation between the active component and the TV or monitor?
90m (295 ft) TDMM.* Page 13-704
209
Name 2 factors that must be considered when calculating losses for a network design.
1 .Cable loss 2.Device loss TDMM.* Page 13-706
210
What is a directional coupler?
A splitter with uneven outputs TDMM.* Page 13-707
211
What is a combiner?
A device that has several inputs and a single output, which follows the same principles as a splitter or directional coupler, but in reverse TDMM: Page 13-108