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Chapter 15 Flashcards

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1
Q

An anaphylactic reaction constitutes what type of medical emergency?

Cardiovascular
Hematologic
Immunologic
Toxicologic

A

Immunologic

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2
Q

At what point should you make a preliminary transport decision?

During scene size-up
Once the preliminary assessment is complete
After secondary assessment
During reassessment

A

Once the preliminary assessment is complete

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3
Q

You are dispatched to a home where you find a 45-year-old woman in apparent respiratory distress. She is using accessory muscles to help breathe and can only respond with short answers. What is the first step in your assessment process?

Manage the airway.
Obtain vital signs.
Determine scene safety.
Perform a secondary assessment.

A

Determine scene safety.

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4
Q

What mnemonic is used to determine a patient’s chief complaint?

AVPU
SAMPLE
OPQRST
TACOS

A

OPQRST

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5
Q

HIV is caused by what type of organism?

Bacteria
Fungus
Protozoa
Virus

A

Virus

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6
Q

Jaundice is a sign of which disease?

Hepatitis
Herpes simplex
HIV
Meningitis

A

Hepatitis

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7
Q

Why is tuberculosis not more common than it is?

The BCG vaccine is 95% effective.
Droplet nuclei that spread the infection have a very short lifespan.
Infected air is easily diluted with uninfected air, so transmission is inefficient.
Human beings have natural immunity.

A

Infected air is easily diluted with uninfected air, so transmission is inefficient.

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8
Q

Which of the following diseases is the most virulent?

HIV
Hepatitis B
Herpes simplex
Tuberculosis

A

Hepatitis B

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9
Q

What is an index of suspicion?

An awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries or illness may exist
An outcome of scene size-up that indicates whether law enforcement should be called
The ability to determine how contagious an infectious disease is
A level of understanding whereby you can determine multiple NOIs

A

An awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries or illness may exist

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10
Q

Which of the following best describes a communicable disease?

The growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body
A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another
A disease that is transmitted through contaminated drinking water
Presence of infectious organisms on or in objects

A

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

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11
Q

A seizure patient is having what kind of medical emergency?
Respiratory
Cardiovascular
Neurologic
Immunologic

A

Neurologic

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12
Q

If an injury distracts an EMT from assessing a more serious underlying illness, the EMT has suffered from:
tunnel vision.
index of suspicion.
virulence.
a trauma emergency.

A

tunnel vision

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13
Q

If a “frequent flier” calls 9-1-1 because of a suspected head injury, you should NEVER:
take the call seriously; don’t waste your time or resources on such a caller.
perform a primary assessment; he called for a head injury last week, and it wasn’t serious.
assume you know what the problem is; every case is different, and you don’t want to miss a potentially serious problem.
treat the patient with respect; he is probably lying.

A

assume you know what the problem is; every case is different, and you don’t want to miss a potentially serious problem.

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14
Q

If your medical patient is not in critical condition, how long should you spend on scene?
10 minutes or less
30 minutes
2 hours
However long it takes to gather as much information as possible

A

However long it takes to gather as much information as possible

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15
Q

Your patient is having respiratory difficulty and is not responding to your treatment. What is the best method of transport?
Without lights and siren, to the closest hospital
With lights and siren, to the closest hospital
Air transport, to a special facility located 30 miles away
The patient does not need to be transported.

A

With lights and siren, to the closest hospital

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16
Q

When assessing a patient with an infectious disease, what is the first action you should perform?
Size up the scene and take standard precautions.
Obtain a SAMPLE history.
Hand the patient off to a paramedic.
Cover your mouth and nose with your hand.

A

Size up the scene and take standard precautions

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17
Q

Your patient believes he has hepatitis and is now exhibiting signs of cirrhosis of the liver. He most likely has:
hepatitis A.
hepatitis B.
hepatitis C.
hepatitis D.

A

hepatitis C

18
Q

Your patient is complaining of fever, headache, stiffness of the neck, and red blotches on his skin. He most likely has:
tuberculosis.
hepatitis B.
SARS.
meningitis.

A

meningitis

19
Q

What should you do if you are exposed to a patient who is found to have pulmonary tuberculosis?
Get the BCG vaccine.
Get a tuberculin skin test.
Undergo serious therapy.
No precautions need to be taken.

A

Get a tuberculin skin test.

20
Q

All of the following are factors that increase the risk for developing MRSA, EXCEPT:
antibiotic therapy.
prolonged hospital stays.
exposure to an infected patient.
close contact with wild birds.

A

close contact with wild birds

21
Q
  1. A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having:
    A. hepatitis.
    B. meningitis.
    C. MERS-CoV.
    D. tuberculosis.
A

meningitis

22
Q
  1. After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to:
    - notify law enforcement.
    - contact medical control.
    - quickly access the patient.
    - take standard precautions.
A

take standard precautions

23
Q
  1. An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:
A

Your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness.

24
Q
  1. An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as:
    - the invasion of the human body by a bacterium that cannot be destroyed by antibiotics or other drugs.
    - a disease that can be spread from one person or species to another through a number of mechanisms.
    - any disease that enters the body via the bloodstream and renders the immune system nonfunctional.
    - a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.
A
  • a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.
25
Q
  1. Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include:
A

prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.

26
Q
  1. Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it:
    -leads to chronic infection after exposure.
    -is less resistant to treatment.
    -has a greater ability to produce disease.
    -is a more contagious type of disease.
A

-has a greater ability to produce disease.

27
Q
  1. In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you specifically inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease?
A

recent travel

28
Q
  1. In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient:
A

is focused on the nature of illness, the patient’s chief complaint, and his or her symptoms.

29
Q
  1. It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ___________ problem.
A

neurologic

30
Q
  1. Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they:
A

cough

31
Q
  1. Reassessment of a patient with a medical complaint should begin by:
A

repeating the primary assessment

32
Q
  1. The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to:
A

get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis

33
Q
  1. The primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies:
A

addresses the patient’s symptoms more than the actual disease process

34
Q
  1. The secondary assessment of a medical patient:
A

is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short

35
Q
  1. Typical chief complaints in patient with an infectious disease include:
A

fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing

36
Q
  1. Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should:
A

attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient.

37
Q
  1. When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem?
A

medical history

38
Q
  1. Which of the following medications would the EMT be LEAST likely to administer to a patient with a medical complaint?
    A. Albuterol
    B. Ibuprofen
    C. Oral glucose
    D. Asprin
A

Ibuprofen

39
Q
  1. Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus?
    Select one:
    A. 12-year-old child with a fractured arm
    B. 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes
    C. 39-year-old man with mild hypertension
    D. 50-year-old woman moderate obesity
A

B. 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes

40
Q
  1. Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patients illness?
A

Asking questions related to the chief complaint

EMT School (14 decks)

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