CHAPTER 14 - WATER SUPPY Flashcards
Water supply system that relies entirely on The force of gravity to create pressure and cause water to flow through the system. The water supply which is often an elevated tank, is at a higher level than the system.
Gravity system
Water supply system that is a combination of both gravity and direct pumping systems. It is the most common type of municipal water supply system.
Combination system
A principal pipe and a system of pipes conveying water, especially one installed underground.
Watermain
Control valve with a solid plate operated by a handle and screw mechanism; rotating the handle moves the plate into or out of the waterway.
Gate valve
Control valve that uses a flat circular plate in a pipe that rotates 90° across the cross section of pipe to control the flow of water.
Butterfly valve
They type of valve used to control underground water mains that provides a visual means for indicating open or shut position; found on the supply main of installed fire protection systems.
Post-indicator valve
A type of control valve for a sprinkler system in which the position of the center screw indicates whether the valve is open or closed.
Outside stem and yoke valve
Mechanical device installed in a discharge line that senses the amount of water flowing and provides a readout in units of gallons per minute.
Flow meter
A check valve that prevents water from flowing back into a system and contaminating it.
Backflow preventer
Fire hydrant located on a dead end main that receives water from only one direction
Dead end hydrant
Fire hydrant that is located on a secondary feeder or distributor main that receives water from two directions
Circulating hydrating
Fire hydrant that receives water from two or more directions
Circulating feed
Water main arranged in a complete circuit so that water will be supplied to a given point from more than one direction
Loop system
Fire hydrant that has its operating valve located at the base or foot of the hydrant rather than in the barrel of the hydrant. When operating properly, there is no water in the barrel of the hydrant when it’s not in use.
Dry barrel hydrant
Fire hydrant that has water all the way up to the discharge outlets; may have separate valves for each discharge or one valve for all the discharges.
Wet barrel hydrant
Fire hydrant outlet that is 4” in diameter or larger
Pumper outlet nozzle
Large diameter outlet, usually 4 1/2” at a hydrant or at the base of an elevated water storage container
Steamer connection
Process of acquiring water from a static source and transferring it into a pump that is above the sources level.
Drafting
Method of water supplied by which mobile water supply apparatus continuously transport water between a full site and the dump site located near the emergency scene
Water shuttle operation
Storage tank used during a relay or shuttle operation to hold water from water tanks or hydrants. This water can then be used to supply attack apparatus
Portable tank
Use of two or more pumper to move water over a long distance by operating them in series. Water discharged from one pumper flows through hoses to the inlet of the next pumper, and is then pumped to the next pumper in line.
Relay pumper
Lakes are natural freshwater sources that may be used by fire fighters. True or false?
True
Most direct pumping systems are found at mountain reservoirs. True or false?
False - gravity systems
Primary feeders range drone 16” to 72” in diameter. True or false?
True
Access to the water supply system may be made through fire hydrants. True or false?
False - it is made through hydrants
Storage tanks range from 2,000 gallons to over 10,000 gallons. True or false?
False - 5,000 gallons to over 1,000,000 gallons
Most private system isolation valves are non-indicating. True or false?
False - usually indicating
Friction loss may be caused by encrustations of minerals and sediment that accumulate over a period of years. True or false?
True
Wet barrel hydrants are usually installed in warmer climates. True or false?
True
Fire hydrant markings can be used to designate water pressure. True or false?
False - designate flow capacity
If a dry barrel hydrant is not draining in winter, it must be pumped until empty. True or false?
True
The most important consideration in alternative water supplies is contamination. True or false?
True
Rural water supply operations are necessary in areas lacking public water distribution systems. True or false?
True
The water supply volume of a water shuttle operation can be calculated based on the complete round trip. True or false?
True
Relay pumping can be used in situations where the water source is very far away from the fire scene. True or false?
False - if the source is close enough
What water supply system may serve a particular area such as a residential subdivision?
Private system
Gravity systems are adequate only when the primary water source is located more than ____ feet higher than the highest point in the water distribution system.
100
What is an interlocking network of water mains that compose a water distribution system?
Grid
What may form an intermediate grid between secondary feeders?
Distributors
The location of isolation valves is intended to disrupt the:
Minimum number of customers
What prohibits any water from flowing back into the water system?
Back flow preventer
Additional hydrants may be required where distances between intersections exceed:
350-450 feet
Regulations for the number of threads per inch on a fire hydrant is set by NFPA:
1963
On dry barrel hydrants, the stem but used to open and close the control valve is located on the:
Top of the hydrant
Alternative water supplies should be ___ during pre-incident planning.
Recorded
To fill a mobile water supply apparatus quickly, use:
The best fill site
In a relay pumping operation, the apparatus with the greatest pumping capacity should be located at the:
Water source
Water supply system supplied directly by a system of pumps rather than elevated storage tanks.
Direct pumping system
