Chapter 14- Reporting

Question 1

● Gram positive
● Spherical or ovoid in shape
● Pairs or chains
● Widely distributed in nature.

Answer 1

streptococci

Question 2

• can cause various
  human diseases due to direct
  infection or immunologic responses.
• Examples include tonsillitis,
  respiratory infections, skin
  infections, and more.

Answer 2

streptococci

Question 3

● Gram positive
● oval cocci
● Pairs (diplococci)or short chains
● are found within the
fecal content of various animals,
including humans.
● They colonize the lower
gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the oral
cavity, and the genital tract.

Answer 3

enterococci

Question 4

are the most abundant species found in fecal content, comprising up to 1% of the adult intestinal microbiota.

Answer 4

Enterococcus faecalis

Question 5

are associated
with infections such as
urinary tract infections,
endocarditis, and
intra-abdominal infections

Answer 5

enterococci

Question 6

refers to the breakdown of red
blood cells

Answer 6

hemolysis

Question 7

Streptococci exhibit different
hemolytic reactions:

Answer 7

beta-hemolysis, alpha-hemolysis, and gamma-hemolysis

Question 8

Complete lysis of
red blood cells, resulting in a clear
zone around the bacterial colony

Answer 8

beta-hemolysis

Question 9

Incomplete lysis,
leading to a greenish discoloration
around the colony

Answer 9

alpha- hemolysis

Question 10

No hemolysis;
no change in the blood agar.

Answer 10

gamma- hemolysis

Question 11

are specific components found in the cell walls of streptococci.
- These antigens are used for serotyping
and categorizing streptococci into different
groups (e.g., Group A, Group B, etc.).

Answer 11

lancefield antigens