Chapter 14: Psychology in Our Social Lives Flashcards
Social psychology
the scientific study of how we feel about, think about, and behave toward the other people around us, and how those people influence our thoughts, feelings, and behavior.
Liking and loving in friendships and close relationships
determined by variables including similarity, disclosure, proximity, intimacy, interdependence, commitment, passion, and responsiveness.
Attitudes
refer to our relatively enduring evaluations of people and things. Attitudes are important because they frequently (but not always) predict behavior.
cognitive dissonance.
an emotional process. the discomfort we experience when we choose to behave in ways that we see as inappropriate
Reciprocal altruism
leads us to help others now with the expectation those others will return the favor should we need their help in the future.
Latané and Darley‘s model of helping
proposes that the presence of others can reduce noticing, interpreting, and responding to emergencies
Aggression
is activated in large part by the amygdala and regulated by the prefrontal cortex
social facilitation
The tendency to perform tasks better or faster in the presence of others
social inhibition.
the tendency to perform tasks more poorly or more slowly in the presence of others
physiological arousal.
physiological arousal is the awareness of your surrounding and the task you are doing in front of others.
Zajonc explained the influence of others on task performance
group process loss
when the group outcome is worse that we would have expected given the individuals who form the group
group process gain,
When the outcome of group performance is better than we would expect given the individuals who form the group
social loafing, groupthink
Process losses are observed in phenomena. Process losses can be reduced by better motivation and coordination among the group members, by keeping contributions identifiable, and by providing difficult but attainable goals.
