Chapter 14 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Define abnormal
Deviation from the average, majority, or the ideal
Psychology uses what manual to diagnose disorders?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Phobias
Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation
Medical model of disorder
Health is the absence of sickness
Deviance
Deviance from normal behavior or development
Maladaptive behavior
Depression is only an issue if they are suffering
Personal (subjective) distress
Some people stress less over their disorder
Agoraphobia
Fear of large open spaces
Social phobia
Fear that you might offend others
Specific phobia
All other phobias
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder
Obesessions are intrusive thoughts, compulsions are behavior to regain control
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Can be directly or indirectly experienced; they re-live the event
Panic disorder
Waves of intense panic with no trigger; physical symptoms rather than psychological
Dissociative disorder
Checking out of reality
Dissociative fugue
Adopt a new personality
Dissociative Identity Disorder (multiple personality disorder)
Two or more personalities (NOT schizo)
Mood disorder definition
Emotional disturbance
Mood disorder prevalance
Most common due to stress and everyday factors; depression is the most common
Neurotic level depression
Dysthymia is chronic low-level depression; Cyclothymia is mood swings greater than normal
Psychotic level
Severe depression; anhedonia is the diminished ability to experience pleasure
Bipolar disorder
Depressed and manic episodes
Schizophrenia 5 symptoms
Delusions, irrational thought, deterioration of adaptive behavior, distorted perception (hallucinations), disturbed emotion
Schizophrenia 4 subtypes
paranoid (delusions), catatonic (motor disturbances), disorganized (det. of adaptive behavior), and undifferentiated (mixture of symptoms)
Causes of schizophrenia
Genes, neurochemical factors, structural abnormalities in the brain, neurodevelopmental hypothesis (damage to brain before or during birth)
Autism definition and symptoms
Social interaction and communication impairment; no eye contact, repetitive movements
Autism prevalence
Was well under 1% before but is now closer to the percentage due to increasing awareness and broader diagnosis criteria
