Chapter 14 - Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Define abnormal

Answer 1

Deviation from the average, majority, or the ideal

Question 2

Psychology uses what manual to diagnose disorders?

Answer 2

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 3

Phobias

Answer 3

Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation

Question 4

Medical model of disorder

Answer 4

Health is the absence of sickness

Question 5

Deviance

Answer 5

Deviance from normal behavior or development

Question 6

Maladaptive behavior

Answer 6

Depression is only an issue if they are suffering

Question 7

Personal (subjective) distress

Answer 7

Some people stress less over their disorder

Question 8

Agoraphobia

Answer 8

Fear of large open spaces

Question 9

Social phobia

Answer 9

Fear that you might offend others

Question 10

Specific phobia

Answer 10

All other phobias

Question 11

Obsessive-Compulsive disorder

Answer 11

Obesessions are intrusive thoughts, compulsions are behavior to regain control

Question 12

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Answer 12

Can be directly or indirectly experienced; they re-live the event

Question 13

Panic disorder

Answer 13

Waves of intense panic with no trigger; physical symptoms rather than psychological

Question 14

Dissociative disorder

Answer 14

Checking out of reality

Question 15

Dissociative fugue

Answer 15

Adopt a new personality

Question 16

Dissociative Identity Disorder (multiple personality disorder)

Answer 16

Two or more personalities (NOT schizo)

Question 17

Mood disorder definition

Answer 17

Emotional disturbance

Question 18

Mood disorder prevalance

Answer 18

Most common due to stress and everyday factors; depression is the most common

Question 19

Neurotic level depression

Answer 19

Dysthymia is chronic low-level depression; Cyclothymia is mood swings greater than normal

Question 20

Psychotic level

Answer 20

Severe depression; anhedonia is the diminished ability to experience pleasure

Question 21

Bipolar disorder

Answer 21

Depressed and manic episodes

Question 22

Schizophrenia 5 symptoms

Answer 22

Delusions, irrational thought, deterioration of adaptive behavior, distorted perception (hallucinations), disturbed emotion

Question 23

Schizophrenia 4 subtypes

Answer 23

paranoid (delusions), catatonic (motor disturbances), disorganized (det. of adaptive behavior), and undifferentiated (mixture of symptoms)

Question 24

Causes of schizophrenia

Answer 24

Genes, neurochemical factors, structural abnormalities in the brain, neurodevelopmental hypothesis (damage to brain before or during birth)

Question 25

Autism definition and symptoms

Answer 25

Social interaction and communication impairment; no eye contact, repetitive movements

Question 26

Autism prevalence

Answer 26

Was well under 1% before but is now closer to the percentage due to increasing awareness and broader diagnosis criteria