Chapter 14 Neurodevelopmental disorders Flashcards
ADHD
neurodevelopmental disorder - primary characteristics of inattention and impulsivity
problems of inattention
not listen to others, lose necessary school assignments, books or tools and may not pay enough attention to details, make careless mistakes
hyperactivity and impulsivity
hyperactivity includes fidgeting, trouble sitting for any length of time, always being on the go. Impulsivity is blurting out answers before questions have been completed and having trouble waiting turns
specific learning disorder
characterized by performance that is substantially below what would be expected given the person´s age, IQ score and eduction - not due to sensory difficulty
Difficulty learning and using academic skills, as indicated by the presence of at least one of the following symptoms that have persisted for at least 6 months, despite the provision of interventions that target those difficulties:
Inaccurate or slow and effortful word reading
Difficulty understanding the meaning of what is read
Difficulties with spelling
Difficulties with written expression
Difficulties mastering number sense, number facts, or calculation
Difficulties with mathematical reasoning
social (pragmatic) Communication Disorder
new in DSM –> difficulties in social communication as seen in ASD, but without restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour. Not easy to learn the social rules when communicating with others
Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD)
two major characteristics expressed in DSM:
Impairments in social communication and social interaction
Restricted, repetitive behaviour, interest and activities
intellectual disability (intellectual development disorder)
difficulties in three domains
conceptual: skiill deficits in areas such as language, reasoning, knowledge and memory
social: problems with social judgement and to make and retain friendships
practical: difficulties managing personal care or job responsibilities
