Chapter 14 - Injury Recognition and Prevention Strategies

Question 1

Define and Explain the Two types of Pain Categories

Answer 1

1. Mechanical Pain - Damage to the musculoskeletal system in which pain is created by mechanical action or motion
2. Systemic Pain - Disease, infection, or medical condition

Question 2

What is the Scope of practice?

Answer 2

• any actions that a person is educated and considered competent to perform, after passing a nationally recognized exam.

Question 3

Who should you refer your client to if they come to you with undiagnosed pain?

Answer 3

Physician, or a qualified health professional.

Question 4

What are the two categories of musculoskeletal injury?

Answer 4

1. Acute - Application of a single force or load, creating tissue damage leading to immediate pain and dysfunction.
2. Overuse - results from repetitive loading leading to the gradual onset of pain that can last days or weeks

Question 5

What are some of the signs and symptoms of an Acute injury?

Answer 5

• Stiffness
• Immediate pain
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Tenderness to touch
• Muscle Spasm

Question 6

What are the main actions that should occur following an acute injury?

** Think RICE

Answer 6

1. Rest -
2. Ice - No longer than 20 minutes
3. Compress - Prevents swelling
4. Elevation - Elevate above the heart may reduce swelling

Question 7

Name an example of Acute Injuries of the following

(Bone, Ligament, Muscle, Tendon)

Answer 7

1. Bone —- Fracture
2. Ligament — Sprain
3. Tendon —- Rupture
4. Muscle —- Strain

Question 8

Name four things that a personal training specialist needs to know about the client to assess the risk of an acute injury?

Answer 8

• Age
• Medical history
• Family medical history
• History of previous injuries

Question 9

Prevention of Acute Injuries comes with Intrinsic Risk Factors and Extrinsic Risk Factors

Explain the differences between the two

Answer 9

Intrinsic Risk Factors - Affects the strength in the tissues during exercise and increases the risk of injuries, examples include Weak and imbalanced muscles, muscle inflexibility, muscle imbalances

Extrinsic Risk Factors - Refers to clients’ Physical and physiological state, including environmental factors such as temperature and humidity