Chapter 14: identifying key elements of change Flashcards
What is process research?
process research is research that examines patterns, using therapist and/or client data, that are evident within and across therapy sessions (number of strategies for studying what transpires in therapy)
what is process-outcome research?
research that examines the relationship between variables related to the process of providing psychotherapy and the outcome of therapy
how number of strategies for studying what transpires in therapy is related to client change
In what was is interpretation important for achieving therapeutic change?
usually used in psychodynamic and experiential approaches
includes explanations for the client’s problems as well as the labelling on unconscious processes that are believed to finlience thoughts, emotions and behaviours
low effect size of 0.07 (non significant)
research shows that people with good interpersonal skills benefit somewhat from this
How is directiveness important in achieving therapeutic change?
how directive the therapist is how guiding they are
optimal degree of therapist direcetivness is determined by client’s level of psychological reactance… (this is the tendency to act against attempts to directly influence ones behaviour)
therefore a low psychologically reactive person would not mind being guided so having a more directive therapist would help them more
a high psychologically reactive person would not like it if they were being heavily guided in therapy therefore a less distinctive therapist is better option
however therapists can tailor this to the clients needs
How is insight vs. symptom reduction important in therapeutic change?
depends on patient coping style
focuses on enhancing self awareness and understanding their problems works best for patients who are INTROSPECTIVE OR INTROVERTED and/or have a INTERNALIZING style
patients who are impulsive, or under controlled or who have externalizing style, respond best to focus on symptom alkievation
most therapy does both
how is between session assignments good for therapeutic change?
this involves doing homework assignments
effect size of 0.36 in CBT studies and 0.22 for association between degree of patient completion of assignments and positive treatment outcomes therefor its important in turning hopes for improvement
What is integrative treatment models?
theoretical models that explicitly incorporate aspects of multiple theoretical approaches and frequently common factors
what is therapeutic alliance?
a concept that encompasses the quality and strength of the collaborative relationship between client and therapist
it includes positive affective bonds, consensus about and commitment to the goals of therapy and a shared sense of partnership in therapeutic process
what is the dodo bird effect?
discovered by rosenzweig in 1936, who proposed that all psychotherapies are based on common curative factors that must be equivalent in their effects
What are evidence-based psychotherapy treatments?
aspects of therapeutic relationship that research has found to be associated with successful treatment
developed by the APA psychology division to identify elements of effective therapy relationships and to determine methods of tailoring therapy to individual patient characteristics
what are empirically based principles of therapeutic change?
this is developed by Castonguay and Beutler
client, therapist and therapeutic relationship and treatment factors that research as found to be associated with successful relationships in four problem areas (mood disorder, anxiety disorder, personality disorder and substance abuse disorders)
these are principles that are NOT empirically tested and are EMPRICALLY BASED rather than supported
