Chapter 14: Glycolysis

Question 1

what is glycolysis

Answer 1

central metabolic pathway

degradation of glucose to yield metabolic energy

Question 2

overall rxn

Answer 2

glucose + 6 O2 –> 6 CO2, + 6 H2O

Question 3

energy and molecules gained from glycolysis

Answer 3

2 NADH

2 ATP

2 pyruvate

Question 4

what is glycolysis coupled to?

Answer 4

ATP synthesis

Question 5

how many enzymes catalyze glycolysis?

Answer 5

10

Question 6

are all intermediates phosphorylated?

Answer 6

yes

negative charges on phosphate keep molecules inside cell b/c repel negative charges of plasma membrane

Question 7

prep phase

Answer 7

invest 2 ATP

Question 8

payoff phase

Answer 8

oxidation to pyruvate

formation of ATP and NADH

Question 9

5 types of rxns in glycolysis enzyme names

Answer 9

kinase

isomerase

aldolase

hydrogenase/dehydrogenase

dehydratase

Question 10

kinase

Answer 10

phosphate transfer from high E phosphate donating molecule to a substrate (or phosphate form substrate to ADP)

4 steps (1, 3, 7, 10)

Question 11

isomerase

Answer 11

intramolecular rearrangement

3 steps (2, 5, 8)

Question 12

aldolase

Answer 12

c-c bond cleavage

1 step (4)

Question 13

hydrogenase/dehydrogenase

Answer 13

oxidation reduction (also uses NADH and NAD+)

1 step (6) 2NAD + –> 2NADH + H+

Question 14

dehydratase

Answer 14

dehydration loss of water

1 step (9) lose 2 H2O b/c happens twice

Question 15

overall prep phase rxn

Answer 15

glucose + 2 ATP —> 2 glyceraldehyde 3-P + 2 ADP

costly (2 ATP)

phosphorylating the molecules keeps in cell

delta G is large and negative; essentially irreversible

Question 16

overall payoff phase rxn

Answer 16

(2) G-3-P + 2 NAD+ + 2Pi + 4ADP –> (2) pyruvate + 2 NADH + 4 ATP + 2 H2O

net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH

also gain 2 pyruvate