Chapter 13: Metabolism/Thermodynamics/Kinetics

Question 1

what is metabolism

Answer 1

highly regulated cellular activity

Question 2

multi-enzyme systems obtain (metabolism) 3 things

Answer 2

energy from nutrients + light

convert energy to a usable form (ATP)

use ATP to biosynthesize molecules

Question 3

2 rules of thermodynamics

Answer 3

energy of the universe is constant

entropy eventually increases

Question 4

delta G not = delta G under….

Answer 4

standard conditions (pH = 1)

Question 5

what does the value of delta G signify

Answer 5

whether the reaction is spontaneous

not the RATE!!

Question 6

delta Gº’

Answer 6

biochemist standard state (a constant)

pH of 7

55.5M H2O (constant water)

Question 7

does delta Gº’ tell you if the rxn is spontaneous?

Answer 7

no only delta G does that

Question 8

is a delta Gº’ of -2840kJ/mol spontaneous?

Answer 8

very negative but not spontaneous b/c you need E

Question 9

is delta Gº’ independent of pathway?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

pathways couple….

Answer 10

endergonic rxns w/ exergonic rxns

use a common intermediate (usually adenosine triphosphate)

Question 11

are standard free energies additive?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

Keq > 1

Answer 12

reaction favorable

Question 13

Keq < 1

Answer 13

reaction unfavorable

Question 14

stereochemistry of adenosine triphosphate

Answer 14

trigonal bipyramidal

double bond O on top

dashes and wedges O- s on bottom

Question 15

why is separating adenosine triphosphate favored?

Answer 15

separation of charge (O- s are close together) enthalpy

more resonance (entropy)