Chapter 14 - Analysis of Organic Compounds by Volumetric Analysis

Question 1

volumetric analysis

Answer 1

used to determine the amount or concentration of a dissolved substance in a solution

Question 2

burette

Answer 2

used to accurately measure variable volumes (titre)

Question 3

pipette

Answer 3

used to accurately measure fixed volumes (aliquot)

Question 4

indicator

Answer 4

used to show when a chemical reaction has reached completion

Question 5

volumetric flask

Answer 5

used to make up accurate volumes of solution

Question 6

titre

Answer 6

accurate variable volume delivered from a burette.

calculated by subtracting the initial burette reading from the final

Question 7

aliquot

Answer 7

accurate fixed volume delivered from a pipette

Question 8

equivalence point

Answer 8

point in titration when reactants are in exactly correct mole ratio as shown by equation

Question 9

end point

Answer 9

point when one reactant is in slight excess, causing a significant colour change

Question 10

indicator

Answer 10

chemical that has two distinctly different colours depending upon the nature of the chemical in excess

Question 11

concordant

Answer 11

titres that are in close agreement (within 0.10 mL)

Question 12

standard solution

Answer 12

solution with an accurately known concentration

Question 13

primary standard

Answer 13

substance used to make a standard solution

Question 14

titration

Answer 14

process used to determine the concentration of a reactant where one solution is added from a burette to a known volume of another solution

Question 15

precise

Answer 15

repeated measures of the same quantity give values that are in close agreement

Question 16

accurate

Answer 16

average of a set of measurements is very close to true or expected value of quantity being measured

Question 17

mistakes

Answer 17

avoidable errors

Question 18

systematic errors

Answer 18

produces a constant bias in a measurement that cannot be eliminated by reacting the measurement

Question 19

random errors

Answer 19

follow no regular pattern

Question 20

organic acids

Answer 20

organic compound that contains a functional group that can donate one proton.
eg. carboxylic acid

Question 21

organic bases

Answer 21

organic compound that contains a functional group that can accept one proton.
eg. amine

Question 22

monoprotic acids

Answer 22

an acid that can donate only one hydrogen ion

Question 23

polyprotic acids

Answer 23

an acid that can donate more than one hydrogen ion