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PCC Biology > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Order

A

In classification the taxonomic category above family

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2
Q

Allopatric Speciation

A

The formation of a new species as a result of an ancestral population becoming isolated by a geographic barrier.

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3
Q

convergent evolution

A

adaptive change resulting in nonhomologous (analogous) similarities among organisms. Species from different evolutionary lineages come to resemble each other as a result of living in very similar environments

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4
Q

domain

A

a taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains of life are Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

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5
Q

evo-devo

A

evolutionary developmental biology, which studies the evolution of developmental processes in multicellular organisms

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6
Q

family

A

in classification, the taxonomic category above genus

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7
Q

genus

A

in classification, the taxonomic category above species, the first part of a species binomial. For example: Homo

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8
Q

geologic time scale

A

a time scale established by geologists that reflects a consistent sequence of geologic periods, grouped into four divisions: Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic

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9
Q

kingdom

A

in classification, the broad taxonomic category above phylum

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10
Q

macroevolution

A

evolutionary change on a grand scale, encompassing the origin of new species, the origin of new species, the origin of evolutionary novelty, diversification, and mass extinction

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11
Q

Analogy

A

The similarity of structure between two species that are not closely related, attributed to convergent evolution.

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12
Q

Binomial

A

A two-part latinized name of a species.

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13
Q

Biological Species Concept

A

The definition of a species as a population or group of populations whose members have the potential in nature to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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14
Q

Clade

A

An ancestral species and all its descendants-a distinctive branch in the tree of life.

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15
Q

Cladistics

A

The study of evolutionary history; specifically, the scientific search for clades, taxonomic groups composed of an ancestral species and all its descendants.

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16
Q

Class

A

In classification, the taxonomic category above order.

17
Q

Reproductive Barrier

A

Anything that prevents individuals of closely related species from interbreeding, even when populations of the two species live together.

18
Q

Speciation

A

The formation of new species.

19
Q

species

A

a group of populations whose members possess similar anatomical characteristics and have the ability to interbreed

20
Q

sympatric speciation

A

the formation of a new species as a result of a change that produces a reproductive barrier between the changed populations. Sympatric speciation occurs without a geographic barrier

21
Q

Pedomorphosis

A

The retention in adult features that were juvenile in ancestral species.

22
Q

Phylum

A

In classification, the taxonomic category above the class and below the kingdom. Members of a phylum have a similar general body plan.

23
Q

Phylogenetic trees

A

A branching diagram that represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships between organisms.

24
Q

Post zygotic Barrier

A

A reproductive barrier that operates if interspecies mating occurs and forms hybrid zygotes.

25
Q

Pre zygotic Barrier

A

A reproductive barrier that impedes mating between species or hinders fertilization of eggs if members of a different species attempt to mate

26
Q

Punctuated Equilibria

A

The term describing long periods of little change, or equilibrium punctuated by abrupt species of speciation

27
Q

Radiometric Dating

A

a method of dating geological or archeological specimens by determining the relative proportions of particular radioactive isotopes present in a sample.

28
Q

Systematics

A

the branch of biology that deals with classification and nomenclature; taxonomy.

29
Q

Taxonomy

A

the branch of biology concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics.

30
Q

Three-Domain System

A

biological classification introduced by Carl Woese et al. in 1977 that divides cellular life forms into archaea, bacteria, and eukaryote domains.

PCC Biology (16 decks)

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