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PCC Biology > Chapter 1&2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1&2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Aqueous Solution

A

A solution in which water is the solvent

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2
Q

Atom

A

The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element

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3
Q

Atomic Number

A

The number of protons in each atom of a specific element.

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4
Q

Acid

A

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution

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5
Q

Base

A

A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

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6
Q

Buffer

A

A chemical substance that resists changes in the ph by accepting hydrogen ions from or donating hydrogen ions to a solution

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7
Q

Chemical bonds

A

An attraction between two atoms resulting from sharing of outer shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms the bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells

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8
Q

Chemical reactions

A

A process leading to chemical changes in matter involving the making and or breaking of chemical bonds

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9
Q

Cohesion

A

The attraction between molecules of the same kind

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10
Q

Compounds

A

A substance containing two or more elements in a fixed ratio

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11
Q

Biology

A

The scientific study of life

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12
Q

Biosphere

A

The global ecosystem the, entire portion of Earth inhabited by life all of life and where it lives

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13
Q

Controlled experiment

A

A component of the process of science whereby a scientist carries out to parallel tests and experimental test and a control test that experimental test differs from the control by one factor the variable

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14
Q

Discovery science

A

The process of scientific inquiry that focuses on describing nature

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15
Q

Covalent bond

A

In attraction between Adams that share one or more pairs of outer shell electrons

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16
Q

Electron

A

A subatomic particle with a single unit of negative electrical charge one or more electrons move around the nucleus of the Adam

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17
Q

Element

A

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical means

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18
Q

Evaporative cooling

A

A property of water whereby a body becomes cooler as water evaporates from it

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19
Q

Heat

A

The amount of kinetic energy contained in the movements of the Adams in molecules in the body of matter heat is energy in it’s most random phone

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20
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

A type of weak chemical bond formed when a partially positive hydrogen Adam from one polar molecule is attracted to the partly negative Adam in another molecule

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21
Q

Ions

A

And Atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons thus acquiring an electrical charge

22
Q

Ionic bond

A

And attraction between two ions with opposite electrical charges the electrical attraction of the opposite charge holds the ions together

23
Q

Isotopes

A

A variance form of an atom isotopes of an element have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons

24
Q

Mass

A

A measure of the amount of material in an object

25
Q

Eukaryotic cell

A

A type of cell that has a membrane enclosed nucleus and other membrane enclosed organelles all organisms except bacteria and archaea I composed of eukaryotic cells

26
Q

Ecosystem

A

All the organisms in a given area along with the nonliving factors with which they interact a biological community and its physical environment

27
Q

Gene

A

A unit of inheritance in DNA

28
Q

Hypothesis

A

A tentative explanation that a scientist proposes for a specific phenomenon that has been observed

29
Q

Mass number

A

The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atoms nucleus

30
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

31
Q

Molecule

A

A group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

32
Q

Neutron

A

An electrically neutral particle

33
Q

Nucleus

A

An atoms central core containing protons and neutrons

34
Q

PH scale

A

A measure of the relative acidity of a solution ranging in value from zero most acidic to 14 most basic

35
Q

Polar molecule

A

A molecule containing polar covalent bonds have an opposite charges on opposite ends

36
Q

Products

A

An ending material in a chemical reaction

37
Q

Proton

A

A sub atomic particle with a single unit of positive electrical charge found in the nucleus of an Adam

38
Q

Radioactive isotope

A

An isotope is nucleus decay spontaneously giving off particles and energy

39
Q

Hypothesis driven

A

The process of scientific inquiry that uses the steps of the scientific method to answer questions about nature

40
Q

Life

A

The set of common characteristics that distinguish living organisms

41
Q

Natural selection

A

A process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than other organisms with other characteristics

42
Q

Prokaryotic cell

A

A type of cell lacking a nucleus and other organelles found only in the domains bacteria and archaea

43
Q

Reactants

A

A starting material in a chemical reaction

44
Q

Solute

A

A substance that is disc dissolved in a solution

45
Q

Solution

A

A liquid consisting of a homogeneous of two or more substances a dissolving agent the solvent and a substance that is dissolved this all you

46
Q

Solvent

A

Did you dissolving agent in a solution water is the most versatile known solvent

47
Q

Temperature

A

A measure of the intensity of heat reflecting the average kinetic energy or speed of molecules

48
Q

Trace elements

A

An element that is essential for the survival of an organism but is needed only in minute quantities

49
Q

Scientific method

A

Scientific investigation involving the observation of phenomena.

50
Q

Theory

A

A widely excepted explanatory idea that is brought it in scope and supported by a large body of evidence

PCC Biology (16 decks)

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