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Nails Technology Exam Review > Chapter 14-17 > Flashcards

Chapter 14-17 Flashcards

1
Q

Cosmetic services performed on the feet by a licensed nail technician or cosmetologist that included trimming, shaping, exfoliating, polishing toenails, and massage called _________

A

pedicures

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2
Q

Pedicures creates clients loyalty, produce considerable, income, and can be important ________ for many clients.

A

self-esteem building treatment

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3
Q

Shaving the legs within 24 hours of having a pedicure increases the risk of _______, which causes tiny unseen openings in the skin that may allow entry by pathogenic microbes.

A

microtrauma

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4
Q

Which term refers to all of the permanent tools used to perform nail services that are not implements?

A

Equipment

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5
Q

When preparing the pedicure foot bath, it is recommended that you fill it with _______ water.

A

warm

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6
Q

Some fully plumbed whirlpool baths are _______ and connected to a drain.

A

permanently plumbed to hot and cold water

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7
Q

Electric foot mitts are designed to _______

A

add a special touch to a pedicure

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8
Q

Toenail clippers have a ______ space between the jaws allowing them to cut thicker nails.

A

wider

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9
Q

Which implement has a small, scoop-shaped end?

A

Curette

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10
Q

Only curettes with _______ are safe and appropriate for nail technicians to use.

A

dull edges

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11
Q

For most clients, a _______ nail file is recommended for pedicures.

A

medium-grit

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12
Q

Foot files or paddles are designed to reduce and smooth ________.

A

Thicker foot calluses

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13
Q

Which implement is used to trim tags of dead skin?

A

Nipper

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14
Q

You should not use metal pushers or sharp implements on clients who have_________

A

any chronic disease

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15
Q

A spa pedicure usually lasts for about ________ minutes

A

60-90

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16
Q

Toe separators are used when _______.

A

polishing the toenails

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17
Q

The disposable slippers provided for clients who have not worn open-toe shoes and want to avoid smudging their newly applied toenail polish are typically made of ___________

A

paper or foam

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18
Q

Which type of product is put into the water in a pedicure bath to soften the skin on the feet?

A

Foot soak

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19
Q

Exfoliating scrubs are usually_______ that contain an abrasive as the exfoliating agent.

A

water based lotions

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20
Q

Masks are commonly made with mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, and ________

A

beneficial extracts

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21
Q

Callus softener products are applied ______

A

directly to the callus

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22
Q

Which abbreviation refers to a licensed nail technician or cosmetologist who has taken advanced eduction to learn to perform safe pedicure on podiatry patients?

A

MNT

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23
Q

Treatments that require multiple appointments are referred to as ________

A

a series

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24
Q

Appointments to ensure lower calluses should be schedule __________

A

weekly

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25
Q

A typical callus reduction appointment includes a soak application, a reduction product application and treatment, ________, and dismissal.

A

a lotion application

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26
Q

A client going through a callus reduction process will typically require about ______ visits.

A

4-6

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27
Q

The typical method for applying paraffin from the bath is to dip and re-dip the hands or feet _______ times into the larger paraffin bath.

A

3-4

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28
Q

The massage performed during a pedicure service is predominantly _________

A

effleurage

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29
Q

Reflexology is a unique method of applying pressure with the thumb and index fingers to the hands and feet and demonstrates ____________

A

health benefit

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30
Q

Hot stones are used in pedicures to provide a deep, penetrating, and comforting heat enhances relaxation and ________

A

circulation

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31
Q

Salons must always use an EPA-registered hospital, disinfectant that is labeled a broad spectrum _________, viricide, and fungicide.

A

batericide

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32
Q

Ergonomics in pedicuring focuses on ________

A

the technician’s body positioning

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33
Q

Generally when performing a foot massage the foot should be gently grasped ________.

A

just above the ankle

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34
Q

When performing a pedicure, a ______ is used to gently remove and loose and dead tissue.

A

wooden pusher

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35
Q

Curttes must always be used with the bowl of the curette __________ the skin.

A

toward

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36
Q

Nail technicians _______

A

cannot cut or trim calluses

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37
Q

________ is a traditional release in massage.

A

Feathering

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38
Q

After a pedicure, what is the first step prior to applying the base coat?

A

Applying toe separators.

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39
Q

What is the purpose of a callus?

A

To protect the underlying skin from irritation

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40
Q

When using a curette to remove loose debris from the nail plate, it is recommended that you use a _________ motion

A

scooping

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41
Q

The ________ toenail is usually the most challenging to trim.

A

big

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42
Q

Massaging the leg is not recommended for clients with severe hypertension or circulatory problems because it___________

A

increase circulation

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43
Q

The basic pedicure includes a foot massage and not leg massage due to time constraints and the fact that it is considered to be ________

A

a special service addition

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44
Q

Foot care mask ingredients are used to cleans, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, and ______ the skin.

A

nourish

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45
Q

When performing a pedicure, it is recommended that you _________ as you work.

A

keep your body relaxed and unstrained

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46
Q

The motor of a micro motor machine is located __________

A

inside the hand piece

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47
Q

Battery-operated micro-motors are small, compact, and powerful, _________

A

but some have much less torque

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48
Q

What is a significant clue in determining the authenticity of a micro-motor machine?

A

Its price

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49
Q

Electric files purchased at craft, hobby, and tool stores are not recommended for use in the salon because they are manufactured for use on glass, wood, and ceramics and can damage the natural and artificial nail because of _____________

A

the amount of vibration

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50
Q

The speed of electric files is measured in __________

A

RPM

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51
Q

Which term refers to the tightness of the inside of the shank where the bit fits into the hand-piece?

A

Tolerance

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52
Q

When selecting an electric file, the hand-piece should weigh approximately 4 to 6 ounces, should be comfortable in your hand, and _________

A

have virtually no vibration

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53
Q

The power in the machine or its ability to keep turning when applying pressure during filing is known as ____________

A

torque

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54
Q

Most manufactures can service and return you electric file within ________

A

7-10 days

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55
Q

Most manufactures will fix or replace a malfunctioning electric file within ________ of purchase at no cost to you.

A

1 year

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56
Q

Concentric bits are commonly referred to as being _________

A

centered

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57
Q

Wobbling bits can harm the electric file or cause damage to the client’s nails and may cause the nail professional to develop __________

A

a CTD

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58
Q

Which term refers to the number of abrasive particles per square inch on an electric files?

A

Grit

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59
Q

The long, slender cuts or grooves found on a carbide bit are known as _________

A

Flutes

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60
Q

Grooves craved into the nail by filing with bits at the incorrect angle are known as _________

A

rings of fire

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61
Q

Traditional carbides must be used from the right to left with the machine in_________

A

forward rotation

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62
Q

An UNC bit is recommended for tight spaces such as under the nail, sidewalls, and for making _________ in nails.

A

designer holes

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63
Q

Cone-shaped bits are slim, long, tapered, and ________ so they can be used at the cuticle and underneath the nail.

A

pointed

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64
Q

Backfill bits come in two sizes; small ______ the size of a barrel bit and medium _________ the size of a barrel bit.

A

1/4; 1/2

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65
Q

High-shine bits are commonly made of _______, cotton, or soft leather material.

A

natural chamois

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66
Q

High-shine bits are sometimes called

A

buffer bits

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67
Q

Pedicure bits are used on ____________ speed.

A

slow to medium

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68
Q

Sanding bands are made of _________

A

paper

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69
Q

Sanding bands are generally used for shortening and shaping the top surface of the nail ________ and filing calluses on the feet.

A

removing a gel sealant

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70
Q

The bullet bit is a small, slender bit that is available in a flat-topped or rounded-tipped version and is similar to the _______ bit

A

UNC

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71
Q

A long, slender carbide bit that has been made for drilling a hole into the free edge of a nail enhancement to attach nail jewelry is known as _________

A

a jewelry bit

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72
Q

Replace a dirty metal bit with a _______ as part of routine cleanup in between clients.

A

blank

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73
Q

When practicing with your electric file, it is recommended that you glue a nail tip on a dowel or round clothespin and hold be dowel as you would hold a _____________

A

Client’s finger

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74
Q

It is recommended that you use the ________ as the fulcrum finger when balancing your hands while using an electric file.

A

pinky finger

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75
Q

When performing cuticle work, it is recommended that you set your electric file to ________ speed.

A

slow

76
Q

There are four types of carbide bits including one-way, cross-cut, pointed flutes that cut in both directions, and ___________

A

traditional

77
Q

A shorter, cone-shaped bit that is designed with a flat top and can be used to shaped the top surface of the nail and to cut maintenance on small nails at a flat angle is known as ___________

A

a tapered barrel bit

78
Q

When performing finishing work with the electric file, it is recommended that you move _______ bits.

A

coarser to finer

79
Q

When using an an electric file, buffing oils should be used ___________

A

sparingly

80
Q

Electric filing on foot calluses needs to be done when the foot is ________

A

dry

81
Q

When practicing cuticle work, place the bit at the cuticle area, holding the bit a slight angle so that the top and at least _________ percent of the bit is making contact with the nail.

A

50

82
Q

When electric filing, the smallest dust particles are caused by __________

A

sanders or sleeves

83
Q

To reduce the amount of heat created when using an electric file, it is recommended that you ____________

A

adjust the speed of the machine slightly higher

84
Q

The term _________ refers to the bit catching the skin around the nail during filing.

A

“grabbing”

85
Q

The bit on an electric file _________

A

turns clockwise

86
Q

To prevent grabbing, it is recommended that you keep the bit parallel to the nail, angle the finger to file the sides of the nail, and use bits with _________ such as safety style bits.

A

rounded

87
Q

Common causes of free-edge separation include product breakdown, the client’s treatment of the nails, and ________

A

product age

88
Q

When a nail enhancement ages with wear and becomes brittle and develops tiny cracks, it is called _________-

A

micro-shattering

89
Q

When using an electric file, it is important to keep the bit ___________

A

parallel to the nail

90
Q

When washing metal file bit prior to disinfection, it is recommended that you rinse them with ______________

A

warm water

91
Q

Plastic, pre-molded nails shaped from a tough polymer made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic are commonly known as _________

A

nail tip

92
Q

A layer of any kind of nail enhancement product that is applied over the tip for added strength is known as _________

A

an overlay

93
Q

In addition to the basic materials found on a manicuring table, nail tips, abrasive board, a buffer block, nail tip adhesive, nail dehydrator, and _______ are needed for a nail tip application.

A

a tip cutter

94
Q

__________ is used to remove surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left on the natural plate.

A

Nail dehydrator

95
Q

The point where the free edge of the natural nail meets the tip and where the tip is adhered to the nail is known as the _________

A

position stop

96
Q

When fitting tips to your client, make sure that the tips chosen cover the nail plate from _________

A

sidewall to sidewall

97
Q

If you do not have a tip that fits the client’s nail exactly. it is recommended that you use a slightly _______ tip and bevel it to fit.

A

larger

98
Q

The bonding agent used to secure the nail tip to the natural nail is called ________

A

nail tip adhesive

99
Q

Once nail tips are applied, the contact area will need to be __________ with an abrasive, so that the tip blends smoothly with natural nail.

A

reduced

100
Q

Any method of securing a layer of fabric or paper on and around the nail around the nail tip to ensure its strength and durability is called _______

A

a nail wrap

101
Q

Wrap resins are made from ________ and are closely related to those used to create other types of nail enhancements.

A

Cyanoacrylate

102
Q

__________ wraps are made from a closely woven, heavy material.

A

Linen

103
Q

A fabric wrap is the most popular type of nail wrap because of its _______

A

durability

104
Q

_______ wraps are made from a very thin synthetic mesh with a loose weave.

A

Fiberglass

105
Q

________ wraps are made from a thin natural material with a tight weave that becomes transparent with wrap resin is applied.

A

Silk

106
Q

Paper wraps are _______ and very simple to use.

A

temporary

107
Q

Another term for a wrap resin accelerator is _______

A

activator

108
Q

A wrap resin accelerator acts as the dryer that _______ the hardening process of the wrap resin or adhesive overlay.

A

speed up

109
Q

Activators are available in several different forms including brush on bottle, pump spray, and ________

A

aerosol

110
Q

In addition to the basic materials on the manicuring table, you will adhesive -backed fabric, small scissors, wrap resin, wrap resin accelerator, a nail buffer, and ________ to perform a nail wrap application.

A

a small piece of plastic

111
Q

Structurally correcting the nail wrap enhancement to ensure its strength, shape, and durability is commonly referred to as _______

A

a rebalance

112
Q

No light Gels have the same chemical composition as wrap systems with wrap resin and can be used with a _________ activator to harden or cure the adhesive.

A

spray-on

113
Q

When cutting a stress strip, it should measure ______ in length.

A

1/8

114
Q

A _________ is a piece of fabric cut to completely cover a crack or break in the nail.

A

repair patch

115
Q

Fabric wraps are removed by first immersing the entire enhancement into a small bowl filled with _______

A

acetone

116
Q

After the Preservice Procedure, the first step in a Nail Wrap Application Procedure is to _________

A

remove existing polish

117
Q

In a fabric wrap maintenance procedure, the buffing dust is remove with ________

A

a dry, nylon nail brush

118
Q

Nail tip should be worn with ______

A

an overlay

119
Q

In the nail tip removal procedure, the natural nail is gently buffed with a fine buffer to remove any ________

A

adhesive residue

120
Q

After removing the cuticle during a nail tip application procedure buff over the nail plate with a medium/fine abrasive to ________

A

remove the shine

121
Q

In a nail tip application procedure, apply ________ to remove surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left on the natural nail plate.

A

nail dehydrator

122
Q

When applying the adhesive during a nail tip application procedure, place the adhesive __________

A

where the tip will be placed

123
Q

In a nail wrap application procedure, when is the wrap material cut to the approximate width and shape of the nail plate?

A

before removing the wrap backing

124
Q

In a nail wrap application procedure, the resin is applied to all 10 fingers beginning on the left hand with the _______

A

pinky finger

125
Q

In a nail wrap application procedure, once the fabric is secure on the nail, use small scissors to trim the fabric___________ inch away from the sidewalls and the free edges.

A

1/16

126
Q

In a nail wrap application procedure, to seal the free edge and prevent lifting and tip separation, _________

A

apply a second coat of wrap resin

127
Q

In a nail wrap application procedure, after shaping and refining the nail wrap, ________ is applied before buffing.

A

nail oil

128
Q

Which common household item may be used to press the fabric wrap onto the nail plate during a nail wrap application procedure?

A

a plastic sandwich bag

129
Q

It is recommended that you use ______ to remove a client’s nail polish during a fabric wrap maintenance procedure.

A

non acetone polish remover

130
Q

When removing fabric wraps, the acetone level in the small glass bowl should be approximately ________ the nail wraps.

A

1/2” above

131
Q

Linen wraps are ______ and required a colored polish to cover it completely.

A

opaque

132
Q

A ______ wrap is lightweight and has a smooth appearance when applied to the nail.

A

silk

133
Q

When applying nail tips, an abrasive should be used to shape the free edges of the natural nails to match the shape of the nail tip to the _______

A

stop point

134
Q

Cutting a nail tip with any tool other than a professional tip cutter will weaken it and cause it to ________

A

crack

135
Q

________ is the term used when a nail enhancement needs to be serviced after 2 or more weeks from the initial application.

A

Maintenance

136
Q

All nail enhancement products are based almost entirely on ingredients that come from the _______ family

A

acrylic

137
Q

The “ poly” in polymer mean ______

A

many

138
Q

Which of the following is not one of the three version of monomer liquid used in the nail industry?

A

Ethyl acrylic

139
Q

Polymer powder is made using a special chemical reaction called _______

A

polymerization

140
Q

Ethyl methacrylate monomer liquid is commonly referred to as _______

A

EMA

141
Q

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is not recommended for use on nails and is ________ in some states.

A

not legal

142
Q

MMA nail products do not adhere well to the nail plate requiring the nail technician to _______ the surface of the nail.

A

shred or etch

143
Q

MMA creates the hardest and _____ nail enhancements.

A

most rigid

144
Q

MMA _________ in product removers

A

does not dissolve well

145
Q

MMA is a widely used monomer with a long history of sale use in medical and ______ products

A

dental

146
Q

When monomer liquid is picked up by a brush and mixed with polymer powder, it creates what is known as a __________

A

bead

147
Q

A catalyst is an additive designed to _______ chemical reaction.

A

speed up

148
Q

The initiators found in polymer powder, when activated by a catalyst will spring into action and cause monomer molecules to permanently link together into ___________

A

long polymer chains

149
Q

Compared to acne treatments, nail powders contain ________

A

less benzoyl peroxide

150
Q

It is recommended that you mix 1 1/2 part monomer liquid with 1 part polymer powder to create a _______ bead.

A

medium

151
Q

The amount of monomer liquid and polymer powder used to create a bead is called the ______

A

mix ratio

152
Q

In general, _______ beads are the ideal mix ratio for working with monomer liquids and polymer powders.

A

medium

153
Q

Nail ______ remove surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left on the natural nail plate

A

dehydrators

154
Q

Nail dehydrator should be applied liberally to the _______ only

A

nail plate

155
Q

Nail ______ is used on the natural nail prior to product application to assist in adhesion

A

primer

156
Q

When applying an acid-based nail primer, it is recommended that you use ________

A

a light dotting action

157
Q

A medium grit abrasive is not recommended for __________

A

finish filling of the nail

158
Q

Nail forms generally are not made of ________

A

fiberglass

159
Q

Which type of nail form can be disinfected?

A

Plastic

160
Q

The special container used to hold the monomer liquid and polymer powder as you work is called a _________

A

dampen dish

161
Q

The best nail brush to use with monomer liquid and polymer powder enhancement products is composed of natural Kolinsky _________, or a blend of both

A

sable

162
Q

Unused monomer that has been removed from the original should be ______________

A

poured into an absorbent paper towel and placed in a plastic bag

163
Q

When a nail tech files a damaged section of a monomer liquid and polymer powder enhancement and refills it with the appropriate products, it is called a _________

A

crack repair

164
Q

A dry mix ratio creates a bead that looks ______ on the brush

A

frosted

165
Q

Odorless products harden more slowly and creates a tacky layer called the ________

A

inhibition layer

166
Q

The apex of the nail is also known as the _______

A

arch

167
Q

The apex is usually what shape?

A

Oval

168
Q

The area where the natural nail grows beyond the finger and becomes the free edge is known as the _______

A

stress area

169
Q

The length of the nail extensions and enhancements should be the same on _______

A

the index, middle, and ring fingers

170
Q

The C-curve of the nail enhancement depends on the C-curve of the natural nail, which is on average _______ percent

A

35

171
Q

Some manufacturers make a ______ that brushes on to cure the tacky inhibition layer that must be applied immediately after creating the odorless product enhancement.

A

resin

172
Q

Nail artistry with colored polymer powder is limited only by _______

A

your imagination

173
Q

When performing a one-color monomer and polymer nail enhancement application, it is recommended that you apply _______ after using a pusher to push back the eponychium and filing to remove the shine.

A

nail dehydrator

174
Q

When acid-free primer dries on the nail, it will be _________

A

sticky and shiny

175
Q

When performing a one-color monomer and polymer enhancement application, it is recommended that the first bead of monomer and polymer applied to the nail be _______

A

medium to dry

176
Q

After applying the first bead of product during a monomer and polymer enhancement application, you should use the _______ of your brush to press and smooth the product.

A

middle portion

177
Q

To perform a two color monomer liquid and polymer powder nail enhancement with forms, you will need nail dehydrator, nail forms, enhancement products, primer abrasives, brushes, and _________

A

dappen dishes

178
Q

Acid based nail primer will dry to a ________

A

Chalky white

179
Q

When performing a two color monomer and polymer enhancement application, the application mush be ________ at the cuticle line.

A

thin

180
Q

After the application of the two color monomer and polymer enhancement, it is recommended that you file the underside of the nail extensions and then glide the abrasive over the nail with _________

A

long, sweeping strokes

181
Q

When performing a one color monomer and polymer enhancement maintenance service, what should you do it there is excessive, loose nail enhancement product and lifting?

A

Soak off the enhancement and start fresh with a new application

182
Q

When performing a two color monomer and polymer nail enhancement, use the tip of the brush to push ________ into place and wipe the edge until a crisp rounded line is achieved.

A

the smile line

183
Q

Which of following do you need to perform a crack repair on a monomer and polymer enhancement, but not to perform a standard monomer and polymer maintenance service ?

A

Nail forms

184
Q

When performing a monomer and polymer crack repair, you must apply ______ after applying nail dehydrator .

A

nail primer to any exposed natural nail in the crack

185
Q

When removing monomer and polymer enhancements, the client’s nails should soak in the acetone for _______ or as long as needed to remove the enhancement product.

A

20-30 minutes

Nails Technology Exam Review (7 decks)

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