Chapter 1-3 Flashcards
Which term refers to the art and science of beautifying and improving the nails and skin of the hands and feet?
Nails technology
In what year was the first successful nails lacquer brand marketed?
1932
Who were the first people to use cosmetics to prepare the deceased for burial?
The Egyptians
Ancient Egyptians used _________ to stain their hair and nails a rich, warm red.
Henna paste
In which ancient cultures did military commanders stain their nails and lips in matching colors before important battles?
Egyptian and Roman
Which practice was closely tied to social status during the Chou Dynasty?
Nails tinting
In which ancient culture could commoners be put to death for wearing the royal nails colors?
Chinese
The ancient Greeks made lavish use of perfumes and cosmetics for grooming, medicinal purposes, and ___________?
Religious rites
Which ancient culture built elaborate baths and developed excellent methods of dressing the hair?
The Greeks
When preparing for battle, what color did Greek soldiers often apply to their lips and nails?
Red
Where did ancient Greek women apply kohl?
To their eyes
What did ancient Greek women apply to their lips to add color?
Ground cinnabar
The Roman philosopher Plautus is credited with comparing a woman without paint (cosmetics) to
Food without salt
If you were a noblewoman in ancient Rome, you would color your hair _________ to indicate your class status.
Red
In ancient Rome, it was common for both men and women to add color to their nails using a mixture of sheep blood and _______.
Fat
Which period immediately followed the Middle Ages?
The Renaissance
During the ________, the use of highly colored preparations for the lips, cheeks, eyes, and nails was discouraged.
Renaissance
Archaeological digs have uncovered cosmetic tools from the Renaissance period, including nail cleaners, some doubling as ________, made of bone or metal in a wide variety of designs.
Ear scoops
Victorian women _________ to induce natural lip color.
Bit their lips
The onset of _________ led to a new prosperity in the United States, during which all forms of beauty began to follow trends.
Industrialization
The first noncaking, non-craking makeup was marketed to movies stars __________
Max Factor
In 1910, Flowery Manicure Products introduced the first modern-style ___________.
emery board
Who introduced the first mass marketed nail lacquers?
Charles Revson
Jean Harlow and _________ helped glamorize the hip new nails lacquer trend in the 1930s by wearing matching colors on her fingers and toes.
Gloria Swanson
Shiny lips came into vogue for the first time in the ________ when women began applying petroleum jelly over their lipstick.
1940s
The 1950s saw the introduction of tube mascara, improved hair care and nail products, and the boom of ________
Weekly manicure appointments
When did hot oil manicures first become the ultimate luxury in nail and hand care?
The 1950s
Which of the following is credited with establishing the biweekly nails maintenance appointment?
Juliette wraps
In the 1960s, where did the nails from nail technicians
“nail banks” typically come from?
Their clients
When were the first monomer liquid and polymer powder nails services offered by nail technicians?
The 1970s
Who invented the first Ridgefiller?
Jeff Pink
When did the use of spray guns to apply monomer liquid nails colors become common?
The 1990s
The 1990s ushered in a huge resurgence in _________ and pedicure services.
Natural manicure
In the 1960s, detached nail tips were reaffixed with _______
model airplane glue
Which part of the nail did nail technicians commonly leaves free of polish in the 1950s?
The moon
One notable achievement of the twentieth century included the fact that nail technicians had _________
Unprecedented career choices
A new, opaque paint being produces for the automobiles industry inspired the introduction of the first mass-marketed ___________.
Nail lacquers
In 1960s nail technicians reaffixed detached nail tip and reinforced them with what?
Thin strands of cotton
Another notable beauty industry achievement of the twentieth century included nail polish becoming ________
Safer and longer-lasting
In the early twenty-first century, UV gel enhancements
Grow by leaps and bounds
Modern nail polish formulations embody chip- and ________ - resistant characteristics.
Fade
Modern manicuring implements now incorporate ___________ designs and enhanced workmanship.
Ergonomic
A regular nail technician in a traditional salon can expect to do all but which of the following
Work under the supervision of a physician
To become a medical nail technician, you are required to take specialty course and complete an internship under the direction of a _______ physician.
Podiatrist
Which of these services is commonly offered by day spas but not full-service salons?
Body services
The salon is a highly social atmosphere that requires __________ and excellent people skills.
Strong self-discipline
The ability to deal with difficult clients, coworkers, and even friends comes from having _________
Well-developed life skill
Having good life skill builds _________, which helps you achieve your goals.
High self-esteem
Self-esteem is based on inner strength and begins with trusting your ability to ________.
Reach your goals
________ or negative thoughts can work against your ability to succeed.
Self-critical
To achieve success it is important to make a point of relating to others with a conscious feeling of __________
Respect
Three bad habits that can keep you from maintaining peak performance included lack of a game plan, seeking perfectionism, and _____
Procrastination
One recommended way to keep your energy up is to ______
Have hobbies and enjoy recreational activities
One guideline for success suggests that you practice doing whatever helps you maintain _________
a positive self-image
