Chapter 13 - Vocabulary Flashcards
Anther
the floral organ that produces pollen.
Apical Dominance
the condition in which most shoot growth arises from the apical but and not lateral buds.
Apical Meristem
plant tissue composed of actively dividing cells; responsible for primary growth and located at the top of the root(s) and shoot(s) of a plant.
Carpel
the female reproductive floral part, comprising of a stigma, a style, an ovary, and an ovule.
Cross-Pollination
the transfer of pollen grains from one plant to another.
Differentiation
the process of cell specialization.
Endosperm
the nutritive tissue of an angiosperm seed.
Filament
the thin stalk that supports the anther.
Fruit
mature ovary of an angiosperm, which contains the seed(s).
Grafting
attaching a young branch from one plant to the stem and root of another plant.
Gravitropism
a directional change in growth pattern in response to gravity.
Growth
the process of cell enlargement.
Lateral Meristem (Cambium)
plant tissue consisting of actively dividing cells that produce secondary growth.
Macronutrients
plant nutrients needed in large quantities.
Micronutrients
plant nutrients needed in small quantities.
Pericarp
the fruit wall, which develops from the ovary wall of a fertilized angiosperm.
Phototropism
a change in direction of a growing plant in response to light.
Photoperiodism
a plant’s response to changing day length.
Photoreceptor
a molecule that detects light; different photoreceptors detect different wavelengths of light.
Pioneer Species
the first species to colonize an area during succession.
Plant Growth Regulator
a chemical produced by plant cells that regulates growth and differentiation.
Pollination
the transfer of pollen grains to an ovule.
Pollen Tube
a hollow tube that grows out of a pollen grain and carries the pollen nucleus to the female sex cell.
Primary Growth
plant growth originating from the apical meristems throughout the life of the plant; results in increases in length and any growth in the diameter of stems and roots that occurs in the first year.
Primary Succession
Succession in an area that has no plants, animals, or soil.
Scion
the detached young branch from a plant.
Secondary Growth
growth that occurs from lateral meristems and results in an increase in girth.
Secondary Succession
succession in an ecosystem that has been disturbed by a natural event or human activity.
Self-Pollination
the transfer of pollen from one flower to another on the same plant.
Senescence
developmental events in a plant tissue or organ from maturity to death.
Stamen
the male reproductive floral part, comprising of anther and a filament.
Stigma
the sticky surface on top of the style.
Stock
the plant onto which a scion is grafted.
Style
the stalk that leads to the ovary.
Succession
the gradual change over time in the species that form a community.
Thigmotropism
a directional change in growth pattern in response to touch.
Tropism
a directional change in growth or movement in response to a stimulus.
