Chapter 13 - Vocabulary

Question 1

Anther

Answer 1

the floral organ that produces pollen.

Question 2

Apical Dominance

Answer 2

the condition in which most shoot growth arises from the apical but and not lateral buds.

Question 3

Apical Meristem

Answer 3

plant tissue composed of actively dividing cells; responsible for primary growth and located at the top of the root(s) and shoot(s) of a plant.

Question 4

Carpel

Answer 4

the female reproductive floral part, comprising of a stigma, a style, an ovary, and an ovule.

Question 5

Cross-Pollination

Answer 5

the transfer of pollen grains from one plant to another.

Question 6

Differentiation

Answer 6

the process of cell specialization.

Question 7

Endosperm

Answer 7

the nutritive tissue of an angiosperm seed.

Question 8

Filament

Answer 8

the thin stalk that supports the anther.

Question 9

Fruit

Answer 9

mature ovary of an angiosperm, which contains the seed(s).

Question 10

Grafting

Answer 10

attaching a young branch from one plant to the stem and root of another plant.

Question 11

Gravitropism

Answer 11

a directional change in growth pattern in response to gravity.

Question 12

Growth

Answer 12

the process of cell enlargement.

Question 13

Lateral Meristem (Cambium)

Answer 13

plant tissue consisting of actively dividing cells that produce secondary growth.

Question 14

Macronutrients

Answer 14

plant nutrients needed in large quantities.

Question 15

Micronutrients

Answer 15

plant nutrients needed in small quantities.

Question 16

Pericarp

Answer 16

the fruit wall, which develops from the ovary wall of a fertilized angiosperm.

Question 17

Phototropism

Answer 17

a change in direction of a growing plant in response to light.

Question 18

Photoperiodism

Answer 18

a plant’s response to changing day length.

Question 19

Photoreceptor

Answer 19

a molecule that detects light; different photoreceptors detect different wavelengths of light.

Question 20

Pioneer Species

Answer 20

the first species to colonize an area during succession.

Question 21

Plant Growth Regulator

Answer 21

a chemical produced by plant cells that regulates growth and differentiation.

Question 22

Pollination

Answer 22

the transfer of pollen grains to an ovule.

Question 23

Pollen Tube

Answer 23

a hollow tube that grows out of a pollen grain and carries the pollen nucleus to the female sex cell.

Question 24

Primary Growth

Answer 24

plant growth originating from the apical meristems throughout the life of the plant; results in increases in length and any growth in the diameter of stems and roots that occurs in the first year.

Question 25

Primary Succession

Answer 25

Succession in an area that has no plants, animals, or soil.

Question 26

Scion

Answer 26

the detached young branch from a plant.

Question 27

Secondary Growth

Answer 27

growth that occurs from lateral meristems and results in an increase in girth.

Question 28

Secondary Succession

Answer 28

succession in an ecosystem that has been disturbed by a natural event or human activity.

Question 29

Self-Pollination

Answer 29

the transfer of pollen from one flower to another on the same plant.

Question 30

Senescence

Answer 30

developmental events in a plant tissue or organ from maturity to death.

Question 31

Stamen

Answer 31

the male reproductive floral part, comprising of anther and a filament.

Question 32

Stigma

Answer 32

the sticky surface on top of the style.

Question 33

Stock

Answer 33

the plant onto which a scion is grafted.

Question 34

Style

Answer 34

the stalk that leads to the ovary.

Question 35

Succession

Answer 35

the gradual change over time in the species that form a community.

Question 36

Thigmotropism

Answer 36

a directional change in growth pattern in response to touch.

Question 37

Tropism

Answer 37

a directional change in growth or movement in response to a stimulus.