Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Dysfunctional
The behavior or emotions are not performing their evolutionary functions.
Supernatural
Mental disorders are the result of demonic possession, sin, and punishment by God.
Somatogenic
The idea that mental disorders are the result of biological factors.
Psychogenic
The idea that mental disorders are the result of emotional or psychological factors.
Specific Phobia
An exaggerated fear and avoidance of a specific situation, activity, or thing.
Agoraphobia
A fear and avoidance of places where escape or rescue might be difficult
Social Anxiety Disorder
A fear or anxiety and avoidance of social situations involving possible scrutiny and negative evaluations by others
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Excessive anxiety not limited to one object, situation, or activity
Panic Disorder
Repeated episodes of intense anxiety or panic
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both
Hoarding Disorder
Persistent fears of throwing out something important
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Persistent and intrusive preoccupations with an imagined or slight defect in one’s appearance
Acute Stress Disorder
A disorder in which stress and trauma symptoms last less than one month
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
A disorder in which stress and trauma symptoms last more than one month
Major Depressive Disorder
A disorder involving disturbances in emotion, behavior, cognition, and body function (fatigue and loss of appetite)
Bipolar Disorder
A mood disorder in which episodes of both depression and mania occur
Schiophrenia
A psychotic disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized and incoherent speech, inappropriate behavior, and cognitive impairments
Acute Schizophrenia (reactive)
- Sudden onset
- More positive symptoms
- Better recovery rate
Chronic Schizophrenia (process)
- Slow developing
- More negative symptoms
- Low recovery rate
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
A controversial disorder marked by the apparent appearance within one person of two or more distinct personalities, each with its own name and traits
Sociocognitive explanation
DID is an extreme form of the ability to present different aspects of our personalities to others.
ADHD
A behavioral syndrome characterized by the persistent presence of inattention and /or impulsivity or hyperactivity that impairs functioning.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Deficits in social relatedness and communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive behaviors.
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Detachment from others
- No anxiety
- In touch with reality
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and odd behavior.
- Less intense paranoia episodes
- Can sometimes be swayed from delusions
Borderline Personality Disorder
A disorder characterized by a long-standing pattern of instability in mood, interpersonal relationships, and self-image
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
A disorder marked by grandiose thoughts and feelings of one’s own worth
