Chapter 13- Population

Question 1

What is population

Answer 1

It is a word used to describe a group of people. They can exist on many scales example. School population, local population national population.

Question 2

What is demography

Answer 2

The study of human populations. People who study population are called demographers

Question 3

What is the birth rate

Answer 3

The number of births per thousand of the population per year

Question 4

What is the death rate

Answer 4

The number of death per thousand of the population per year

Question 5

What is natural increase

Answer 5

The growth in population well the birth rate is higher than the death rate

Question 6

What is migration

Answer 6

The permanent movement of people from one place to another (emigrant)

Question 7

What is emigration

Answer 7

When a person leaves is a place/country

Question 8

What is immigration

Answer 8

When a person comes to live in a country

Question 9

What is infant mortality

Answer 9

The number of infants per thousand babies born in a given year who die before the age of one

Question 10

What is life expectancy

Answer 10

The average number of years a newborn baby is expected to live in a particular country

Question 11

What is total fertility rate’s

Answer 11

The average number of births per woman in a particular country

Question 12

What is population distribution

Answer 12

It’s refers to the way in which people are spread out across the world .example. 90% of people live in the northern hemisphere. Nearly 3/4 of all people live in Africa or Asia

Question 13

What is population density

Answer 13

It is calculated by dividing the total number of people by the size of the area

Question 14

Explain stage one in the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 14

Stage one – birth rate and death rate are high. High death rates cancels out high birthrates. Very little change in population. Reason – disease, famine.
Examples that Europe medieval times. Tribes in South America America today

Question 15

Describe stage two in a population cycle/the demographic transition model

Answer 15

Birthrate remained high. Death rates rapidly decrease. Rapid population grows.
Reason – improved healthcare. Clean water and sanitation.
Examples – Mali and Nigeria

Question 16

Explains stage 3 in the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 16

Birthrates decline rapidly. The death rates continue to decline. Population growth continues but slower.
Reasons – rapid economic developments. Parents are more educated and plans family.
Examples – Brazil and India

Question 17

Describe stage four in the population cycle/demographic tomorrow

Answer 17

Birth rates are very low and death rates. Population growth is low.
Reasons – parents will be well educated and choose to have a small family. High cost of living. Example – Ireland and USA

Question 18

Describe stage five in the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 18

Death rates is higher than birth rates. Population begins to decline (rise in migration).
Reasons – many women choose to have few children and focus on career. High elderly population.
Examples – Germany and Spain

Question 19

What is the pessimistic view

Answer 19

Population will decline at explosive rates. 10 billion by 2050. Anonymous pressure on food supplies and land

Question 20

What is the optimistics view

Answer 20

Population will continue to grow but at lower rates. Drop in birthrates. 8 billion by 2050

Question 21

describe stage one of the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 21

birth rates and death rates are high
high birth and death rates cancels out each other
very little change in population

Reason-famine,disease

Examples-Europe in medieval times, tribes in S.America today

Question 22

describe stage two in the population cycle/ demographic transition model

Answer 22

birth rates remain high
death rates rapidly decreases
rapid population growth

Reason-improved healthcare,clean water and sanitation

Examples-Mali and Nigeria

Question 23

describe stage three of the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 23

birth rates decline rapidly
death rates continue to decline
population rates continue to grow but slower

Reasons-rapid economic development,parents are more educated and family planning

Example-Brazil,India

Question 24

describe stage four of the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 24

birth rates and death rats are very slow
population growth is slow

Reasons-parents are well educated and decide to have a small family, high cost of living

Examples-Ireland,USA

Question 25

describe stage five of the population cycle/demographic transition model

Answer 25

death rates are higher that death rates
population begin to decline
rise in migration

Reason-may women decine to have few children, focus on career

Examples-Germany,Spain

Question 26

what is the pessimistic view on the population

Answer 26

population will continue at explosive rate
10 billion by 2050
enormous pressure on food supplies and land

Question 27

what is the optimistic view on the population

Answer 27

population will continue to grow but at slower rate(birth rates drop)
8 billion by 2050

Question 28

in brazil it it possible to identify 3 regions based on ethnic differences. Name

Answer 28

mainly black african area of north east brazil

native Amerindian region of the amazon forest

descendants of the white european colonists in the southwest region

Question 29

give two reasons why the north of italy is the core

Answer 29

NORTH IATALY
Climate-the north indian plain has a continental climate. this means that it has a warm summer with average temperatures of around 24 celsius and cold winters with the average temperatures of 2 celsius. most of the rainfalls happen during winter months. this type of climate is suitable for agriculture

Communication-the flat land of the north indian plain is the suitable for the construction of transport links such as motorways and railways. milan is an important foute focus for access to europe through tunnels under the alps. the region is accessible fro the europe and other parts of italy

Question 30

give two reasons why the south is peripheral/labour

Answer 30

SOUTH
Economic activities-the mezgimo doesn’t have a wide range of economic activities the north has. agriculture is limited because of soil erosion and other physical factors. the area around naples, campania is the most important agricultural land because of its rich soils and minerals from volcanic eruptions. olive oil/wine ore is produced here.its little industrial development is far from the north.its peripheral location makes the region unattractive for industry. in recent year the government has tried to develop the region bari, brindisi and taranto has been selected as the industrial triangle of the south and industries have been given grants from the governments to locate there

Soils-because of the terrain is upland, soils tend to be thin. deforestation in this region causes a lot of soil erosion. this means that the agriculture is unproductive and limited. farms are proactively low

Question 31

two problems associated with low population

Answer 31

abandonment of agricultural land-many of the farms in the west of ireland are small and unproductive. it is difficult to make a living there so it is unattractive career choice.instead of inheriting the farm they choose a career somewhere else. many of the farmers in the west are older and less inclined to use more modern methods of farming. some farms become neglected if nobody takes over

political and economic isolation- the peripheral location of the west of ireland means that its farther away from markets of the europe and the centre of decision making in the core region of dublin. the infrastructure of the west is less developed than other parts of the country.this makes it difficult for then region to attract industry and results in fewer employment industries fro people out there