Chapter 13 Packet Flashcards
Deference
The yielding of one’s opinion to the judgment of someone else, usually of higher social standing
Puritanical
Extremely or excessively strict matters of morals or religion
Mudslinging
Malicious, unscrupulous attacks against an opponent
Spoils
Public offices of other favors given as a reward for political support
Denominations
In American religion, the major branches of Christianity, organized into distinct church structures, such as Presbyterians, Baptists, Disicples of Christ, etc
Evangelical
In American religion, those believers and groups, usually Protestant, who emphasize personal salvation, individual conversion experiences, voluntary commitment, and the authority of Scripture
Hard money
Metal money or coins, as distinguished from paper money (the term also came to mean reliable or secure money that maintained or increased its purchasing power over time. Soft money, or paper money, was assumed to be inflationary and to lose value)
Usurpation
The act of seizing, occupying, or enjoying the place, power, or functions of someone without legal right
Favorite sons
In American politics, presidential candidates who are nominated by their own state, primarily of local loyalty, without expection of winning
Machine
A hierarchical political organization, often controlled through patronage or spoils, where professional politicians can deliver large blocs of voters to preferred candidates
Temperance
Campaigns for voluntary commitment to moderation or total abstinence in the consumption of liquid
Populist
A political program or style focused on the common people, and attacking perspectives and policies associated with the well-off, well-born, or well-educated
Divine right
The belief that government or rulers are directly established by god
The last election based on elitist political system was the four-way presidential campaign of 1824 involving Jackson, Clay, Crawford, and John Quincy Adams
True
Henry Clay disproved the charge of a corrupt bargain between himself and president Adams by refusing to accept any favors from the new administration
False
President Adams lost public support by promoting strong nationalistic principles in a time of growing support for sectionalism and states’ rights
True
Andrew Jackson became a great popular hero as president because he continued to live the same life of frontier toughness and simplicity as his followers
False
The election campaign of 1828 was notable for the well-formulated debates between Andrew Jackson and president Adams on the issues of the tariff and removal of the barriers to political equality and democracy
False
Jackson’s victory in 1828 represented the triumph of the west and the common people over the older elitist political system
True
The Jacksonian practices their belief that because all citizens were equal, anyone could hold public positions without particular qualifications
True
South Carolina’s fierce opposition to the Tariff of Abomination reflected an underlying fear that enhanced federal power might be turned against the institution of slavery
True
Andrew Jackson used mediation and compromise rather than threats of force to persuade South Carolina to back away from its nullification of the tariff laws
False
The powerful Cherokees of the southeastern United States fiercely resisted white efforts to alter their traditional culture and way of life
False
When the Supreme Court ruled against the state of Georgia and in favor of southeastern Indians’ rights, Jackson defied the Supreme Court’s rulings and ordered the Cherokees and other southeastern tribes forcibly removed to Oklahoma
True
Jackson successfully used his veto of the bill to recharter the wealthy Bank of the United States to politically mobilize the common people of the west against the financial elite of the east
True
The Whig party was united by its principles of states rights, western expansionism, and opposition to the role of evangelical Christianity in politics
False
A primary source of tension between settlers in Texas and the Mexican government was Mexico’s abolition of slavery and prohibition of slave importation
True
William Henry Harrison’s background as an ordinary frontiersmen born in a log cabin enabled Whigs to match and exceed the Democrats’ appeal to the common man in the campaign of 1840
True
The Jacksonian charge that John Quincy Adams won the presidency through a corrupt bargain arose because
After Henry Clay threw his support to Adams, he was appointed secretary of state
Which if the following was not among the factors that made John Quincy Adams’s presidency a political failure?
Adams’s involvement with corrupt machine deals and politicians
Andrew Jackson’s strong appeal to the common people arose partly because
He had risen from the masses and reflected many of their prejudices in his personal attitudes and outlook
One political development that demonstrated the power of the new popular democratic movement in politics was
The use of party loyalty as the primary qualification for appointing people to public office
Andrew Jackson’s fundamental approach during the South Carolina nullification crisis was to
Mobilize a sizable military force and threaten to hang the nullifiers
Under the surface of the South’s strong opposition to the Tariff of Abominations was
A fear of growing federal power that might interfere with slavery
Some southeastern Indian tribes like the Cherokees were notable for their
Development of effective agricultural, educational, and political institutions
