Chapter 13: Male Genitalia and Hernias

Question 1

Shaft of penis

Answer 1

formed by 3 columns of vascular erectile tissue:

1. corpus spongiosum-contains urethra
2. 2 copora cavernosa

Question 2

glans

Answer 2

cone shaped ending of penis

Question 3

corona

Answer 3

expanded base of glans-ridge

Question 4

prepuce

Answer 4

tip of penis-foreskin

Question 5

urethral meatus

Answer 5

opening to urethra

Question 6

testes

Answer 6

ovoid, rubbery structures-left lies lower than right. produce sperm and testosterone

Question 7

scrotum

Answer 7

loose, wrinkled pouch divided into 2 compartments each containing teste

Question 8

tunica vaginalis

Answer 8

covers the testes, except posteriorly, serous membrane

Question 9

epididymis

Answer 9

on posterior surface of each testis-softer comma shaped. tightly coiled spermatic ducts that provide for a reservoir for storage, maturation, and transport of sperm to the vas deferens

Question 10

vas deferens

Answer 10

cordlike structure: during ejaculation it transports sperm from the tail of the epididymis along circular route to the urethra.

Question 11

ejaculatory duct

Answer 11

vas deferens merges with the seminal vesicle-forms ejaculatory duct-traverses prostate and epmties in the urethra.

Question 12

spermatic cord

Answer 12

each vas is closely associated with blood vessels, nerves, and muscle fibers-make up spermatic cord

Question 13

inguinal canal

Answer 13

lies above and approx parallel to the inguinal ligament, forms a tunnel for the cas deferens as it passes through the abd muscles

Question 14

external inguinal ring

Answer 14

exterior opening of the tunnel-triangluar, slitlike structure palpable just above and lateral to the pubic tubercle

Question 15

internal inguinal ring

Answer 15

approx 1 cm above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

Question 16

inguinal hernias

Answer 16

when loops of bowel force their way through weak areas of the inguinal canal

Question 17

phimosis

Answer 17

tight prepuce that cannot be retracted over the glans

Question 18

balanitis

Answer 18

inflammation of the glans

Question 19

hypospadias

Answer 19

congenital, ventral displacement of the meatus

Question 20

Non-gonococcal urethritis

Answer 20

scanty white or clear discharge in non-gonococcal urethritis

Question 21

epidermoid cysts

Answer 21

dome-shaped white or yellow papules or nodules formed by occluded follicles fills with keratin debris of desquamated epithelium-benign

Question 22

palpation

Answer 22

testis/epididymis–spermatic cord

Question 23

inguinal hernia

Answer 23

right index finger close to inferior margin of scrotal sac, move finger upward along inguinal canal, invaginating scrotum. follow upward to the inguinal ligament. find triangular slitlike opening of the external inguinal ring just above and lateral to pubic tubercle. palpate external ring and floor-pt bears down

Question 24

scrotal edema

Answer 24

pitting edema seen in chf or nephrotic syndrome

Question 25

hydrocele

Answer 25

nontender, fluid-filled mass within the tunica vaginalis. +transillumination, and the examining finders can get above the mass within the scrotum

Question 26

scrotal hernia

Answer 26

usually an indirect inguinal hernia-comes through the external inguinal ring, so the examining fingers cannot get above it w/in the scrotum

Question 27

genital warts

Answer 27

condylomata acuminata-single or multiple papules or plaques of variable shapes-may be raised, flat, or cauliflower-like-HPV

Question 28

primary syphilis

Answer 28

small red papule that becomes a chancre or painless erosion up to 2cm in dia. base of chancre is clean, red, smooth, and glistening-heals w/in 3-8 weeks. caused by treponema pallidum. incubation 9-20 days
20-30% of patients develop secondary syphilis-coexist with HIV.
may develp LAD inguinal-

Question 29

genital herpes simplex

Answer 29

small scattered or grouped vesicles. herpes simplex virus. fever, malaise, HA, arthralgias, local pain, edema, LAD.

Question 30

acute orchitis

Answer 30

testes acutely inflamed, painful, tender, and swollen. It may be difficult to distinguish from epididymitis. scrotum may be reddened. seen in mumps and other viral infections-usually unilateral

Question 31

tumor of testes

Answer 31

painless nodule

Question 32

spermatocele and cyst of epididymis

Answer 32

painless, movable cystic mas just above the testis suggests spermatocele or an epididymal cyst. both transilluminate

Question 33

varicocele of spermatic cord

Answer 33

“bag of worms”=varicose veins of the spermatic cord, usu found on the left. separate from the testis, slowly collapses when the scrotum is elevated in the supine patient

Question 34

acute epididymitis

Answer 34

1STI-acutely inflamed is tender and swollen and may be difficult to distinguish from the testis. scrotum may be reddened and the vas deferens inflamed. occurs chiefly in adults. coexisting UTI or prostatis supports diagnosis

Question 35

torsion of spermatic cord

Answer 35

torsion, or twisting, of the testicle on spermatic cord produces acutley painful, tender, and swollen organ that is retracted upward in the scrotum. scrotum red and edematous. no assoc uti. surgical emergency r/t obstructed circulation

Question 36

indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 36

most common, all ages, both sexes-often in children. point of origin above inguinal ligament, near ints midpoint-often into the scrotum. hernia often comes down into the inguinal canal during straining-touches examiners fingertip

Question 37

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 37

less common-usu in men older than 40. rare in women. above inguinal ligament, close to the pubic tubercle. rarely into scrotum. hernia bulges anteriorly and pushes the side of the finger forward

Question 38

femoral hernia

Answer 38

less common. more common in women than men. originates below the inguinal ligament; appears more lateral than an inguinal hernia. hard to differentiate from lymph nodes. never into the scrotum. inguinal canal is empty