Bates Review Chapter 5 Flashcards

Behavior and Mental Status

1
Q

Level of Consciousness

A

alertness or state of awareness of the environment

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2
Q

Attention

A

Ability to ficus or concentrate over time on one task or activity-an inattentive or distractible person with impaired consciousness has difficulty giving a history or responding to questions

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3
Q

Memory

A

Process of registering or recording information. Tested by asking for immediate repetition of material, followed by storage or retention of information.

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4
Q

Orientation

A

Awareness of personal identity, place, and time. Requires both memory and attention

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5
Q

Perceptions

A

Sensory awareness of objects in the environment and their interrelationships; also refers to internal dreams and hallucinations

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6
Q

Though process

A

What the patient thinks about including level of insight and judgement

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7
Q

Insight

A

Awareness that symptoms or disturbed behaviors are normal or abnormal; example distinguising between daydreams and hallucinations that seem real

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8
Q

Judgement

A

Process of comparing and evaluating alternatives when deciding on a course of action; reflects values that may or may not be based on reality and social conventions or norms

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9
Q

Affect

A

An observable, usually episodic, feeling or tone expressed through voice, facial expression, or demeanor

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10
Q

Mood

A

More sustained emotion that may color a person’s view of the world

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11
Q

Higher cognitive functions

A

Assessed by vocabulary, fund of information, abstract thinking, calculations, construction of objects that have two or three dimensions.
Recall info: president, large cities
Calulating ability: simple math
Abstract thinking: similarities apples/oranges
Constructional ability: Clock face; copy figures of increasing complexity

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12
Q

Paranoid

A

distrust and suspiciousness

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13
Q

Schizoid

A

detachement from social relationships, restricted range of emotional expression

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14
Q

Schizotypal

A

Eccentricities in behavior and cognitive distortions; acute discomfort in close relationships

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15
Q

Antisocial

A

Disregard for the rights of others; a dfect in the experience of compunction or remorse for harming other

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16
Q

Borderline

A

Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affective regulation. Very impulsive

17
Q

Histrionic

A

Emotional reactivity, theatrical behavior, seductiveness

18
Q

Narcissistic

A

Persisting grandiosity; need for admiration, lack of empathy for other

19
Q

Avoidant

A

Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

20
Q

Dependent

A

submission and clinging behavior

21
Q

Obsessive-compulsive

A

Rigid, detail-oriented behavior, often associated with compulsions to perform tasks repetitively and unnecessarily

22
Q

Early symptoms depression

A

low self-esteem, loss of pleasure in daily activities (anhedonia), sleep disorders, difficulty concentrating

23
Q

Eval: Appearance and behavior

A

LOC; Posture/motor behavior; dress, grooming, personal hygiene; facial expression; manner, affect, and relationship to people and things

24
Q

Speech and language

A

quantity, rate, loudness, articulation of words, fluency (monotone, hesitancies, disturbed inflections, circumlocutions, paraphasias

25
Mood
sadness, deep melancholy, contentment, joy, euphoria, elation, anger, rage, anxiety, worry, detachment, indifference
26
Obsessions
recurrent, uncontrollable thoughts, images, or impulses that a person considers unacceptable and alien
27
Phobias
Persistent, irrational fears, accompanied by compelling desire to avoid the stimulus
28
Anxieties
apprehensions, fears, tensions, or uneasiness that may be focused (phobia) or free-floating
29
Illusions
Misinterpretations or real external stimuli. May occur in grief reactions, delirium, PTSD, schizophrenia
30
Hallucinations
Subjective sensory perceptions in the absence of relevant external stimuli. The person may or may not recognize the experiences as false. Hallucinations may be auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, or somatic. May occur in delirium, dementia, PTSD, schizophrenia, alcoholism
31
Testing attention
Serial 7s-from 100 subtract 7. Normal is 1.5 minutes
32
MMSE
Brief test of cognitve dysfunction or dementia
33
Major Depressive episode
``` At least 5 symptoms over 2 weeks: depressed mood diminished interest or pleasure weight gain/loss insomnia/hypersomnia psychomotor retardation or agitation fatigue/loss of energy feelings of worthlessness/guilt inability to concentrate thoughts of suicide or death ```
34
manic
``` elevated, expansive, irritable mood: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity decreased need for sleep more talkative than usual flight of ideas increased goal directed activity excessive involvement in high risk activities ```
35
Schizophrenia
``` manifest at least 2 delusions hallucinations disorganized speech grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior neg sympotoms: flat affect ```