Bates Review Chapter 5

Question 1

Level of Consciousness

Answer 1

alertness or state of awareness of the environment

Question 2

Attention

Answer 2

Ability to ficus or concentrate over time on one task or activity-an inattentive or distractible person with impaired consciousness has difficulty giving a history or responding to questions

Question 3

Memory

Answer 3

Process of registering or recording information. Tested by asking for immediate repetition of material, followed by storage or retention of information.

Question 4

Orientation

Answer 4

Awareness of personal identity, place, and time. Requires both memory and attention

Question 5

Perceptions

Answer 5

Sensory awareness of objects in the environment and their interrelationships; also refers to internal dreams and hallucinations

Question 6

Though process

Answer 6

What the patient thinks about including level of insight and judgement

Question 7

Insight

Answer 7

Awareness that symptoms or disturbed behaviors are normal or abnormal; example distinguising between daydreams and hallucinations that seem real

Question 8

Judgement

Answer 8

Process of comparing and evaluating alternatives when deciding on a course of action; reflects values that may or may not be based on reality and social conventions or norms

Question 9

Affect

Answer 9

An observable, usually episodic, feeling or tone expressed through voice, facial expression, or demeanor

Question 10

Mood

Answer 10

More sustained emotion that may color a person’s view of the world

Question 11

Higher cognitive functions

Answer 11

Assessed by vocabulary, fund of information, abstract thinking, calculations, construction of objects that have two or three dimensions.
Recall info: president, large cities
Calulating ability: simple math
Abstract thinking: similarities apples/oranges
Constructional ability: Clock face; copy figures of increasing complexity

Question 12

Paranoid

Answer 12

distrust and suspiciousness

Question 13

Schizoid

Answer 13

detachement from social relationships, restricted range of emotional expression

Question 14

Schizotypal

Answer 14

Eccentricities in behavior and cognitive distortions; acute discomfort in close relationships

Question 15

Antisocial

Answer 15

Disregard for the rights of others; a dfect in the experience of compunction or remorse for harming other

Question 16

Borderline

Answer 16

Instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affective regulation. Very impulsive

Question 17

Histrionic

Answer 17

Emotional reactivity, theatrical behavior, seductiveness

Question 18

Narcissistic

Answer 18

Persisting grandiosity; need for admiration, lack of empathy for other

Question 19

Avoidant

Answer 19

Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

Question 20

Dependent

Answer 20

submission and clinging behavior

Question 21

Obsessive-compulsive

Answer 21

Rigid, detail-oriented behavior, often associated with compulsions to perform tasks repetitively and unnecessarily

Question 22

Early symptoms depression

Answer 22

low self-esteem, loss of pleasure in daily activities (anhedonia), sleep disorders, difficulty concentrating

Question 23

Eval: Appearance and behavior

Answer 23

LOC; Posture/motor behavior; dress, grooming, personal hygiene; facial expression; manner, affect, and relationship to people and things

Question 24

Speech and language

Answer 24

quantity, rate, loudness, articulation of words, fluency (monotone, hesitancies, disturbed inflections, circumlocutions, paraphasias

Question 25

Mood

Answer 25

sadness, deep melancholy, contentment, joy, euphoria, elation, anger, rage, anxiety, worry, detachment, indifference

Question 26

Obsessions

Answer 26

recurrent, uncontrollable thoughts, images, or impulses that a person considers unacceptable and alien

Question 27

Phobias

Answer 27

Persistent, irrational fears, accompanied by compelling desire to avoid the stimulus

Question 28

Anxieties

Answer 28

apprehensions, fears, tensions, or uneasiness that may be focused (phobia) or free-floating

Question 29

Illusions

Answer 29

Misinterpretations or real external stimuli. May occur in grief reactions, delirium, PTSD, schizophrenia

Question 30

Hallucinations

Answer 30

Subjective sensory perceptions in the absence of relevant external stimuli. The person may or may not recognize the experiences as false. Hallucinations may be auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, or somatic. May occur in delirium, dementia, PTSD, schizophrenia, alcoholism

Question 31

Testing attention

Answer 31

Serial 7s-from 100 subtract 7. Normal is 1.5 minutes

Question 32

MMSE

Answer 32

Brief test of cognitve dysfunction or dementia

Question 33

Major Depressive episode

Answer 33

At least 5 symptoms over 2 weeks:
depressed mood
diminished interest or pleasure
weight gain/loss
insomnia/hypersomnia
psychomotor retardation or agitation
fatigue/loss of energy
feelings of worthlessness/guilt
inability to concentrate
thoughts of suicide or death

Question 34

manic

Answer 34

elevated, expansive, irritable mood:
inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
decreased need for sleep 
more talkative than usual
flight of ideas
increased goal directed activity
excessive involvement in high risk activities

Question 35

Schizophrenia

Answer 35

manifest at least 2
delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech
grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
neg sympotoms: flat affect