chapter 13 final review

Question 1

What is the story of the 47 Ronin (Include Lord Asano and Lord Kira)

Answer 1

Lord Kira was assigned to teach lord Asano, about the correct way to behave, later Lord Asano, paid Lord Kira, but Kira wanted more, money so she started to insult Lord Asano behind his back to other nobles, Lord Asano became mad so he pulled out his sword and cut Kira’s arm, he knew he committed a forbidden act, so he killed himself, because of his death the 47 samurai became ronin. They launched a surprise attack on Lord Kira and killed him, in revenge for their master, and then they killed themselves.

Question 2

What time period did the story of the 47 ronin take place in?

Answer 2

took place during the Edo or Tokugawa period of Japanese history.

Question 3

What did the daimyo do to each other, and what did it take to finally end the chaos and bring order to the country?

Answer 3

They competed with each other for power, and territory. They needed a strong and clever leader.

Question 4

What was really important to the Japanese people?

Answer 4

Loyalty and Honour.

Question 5

Who was at the top of the hierarchy?

Answer 5

The emperor.

Question 6

Was the shogun more important than the emperor?

Answer 6

Yes, but the emperor is still highly respected.

Question 7

What were the 2 levels of government called?

Answer 7

• Bukuhan.

Question 8

Why were artisans and merchants below the peasants?

Answer 8

The artisans were secondary producers, meaning they had to get things from other people to create their work, and the merchants didn’t make anything they relied on the people who make, and are going to buy the work.

Question 9

The woman had to act….. And …… to their husbands

Answer 9

.Happy and obedient(obeying)

Question 10

What were missionaries?

Answer 10

Christians trying to convert people

Question 11

What was japan’s religion?

Answer 11

Shinto(nature/gods), Buddhism, and Confucianism.

Question 12

What did the Samurais do during the time of peace?

Answer 12

Surveyed land and collected taxes.

Question 13

What was the Daimyo supposed to do during the Edo period?

Answer 13

Daimyo were supposed to manage their assigned land.

Question 14

What is the story of Tokugawa Ieyasu?

Answer 14

He defeated a rival daimyo and generals in battle, and became the most powerful man in Japan. He wanted to keep his power, and not be defeated so he came up with strict laws, sharing power, and alternate attendance.

Question 15

What 3 effective measures were taken to bring stability to Japan and what were they?

Answer 15

Sharing power-daimyo controlled the local things, and the federal government controlled foreign affairs.

Alternate attendance-the other daimyo’s had to live in Japan every 2 years.

Strict laws- established by the shogunate to control many aspects of the daimyo’s lives, such as dress and marriage.

Question 16

What 3 levels of the Japanese society did the story of the 47 ronin illustrate?

Answer 16

The emperor, nobility, and samurai

Question 17

Japan had a feudal system based on what?

Answer 17

.A feudal system based on land.

Question 18

How did local lords support themselves?

Answer 18

.By collecting taxes from the peasant farmers.

Question 19

In what way did the rigid social structure help the shogun?

Answer 19

Helped the shogun remain in control.

Question 20

How did people in lower levels manage to improve their situation?

Answer 20

Hereditary.

Question 21

How many rules regulating dress for EVERYONE were there?

Answer 21

People couldn’t move up in the ranks, but they could create a better situation through hard work, talent, or gaining wealth 216 rules

Question 22

12Women from the upper-class had to wear____kimonos

Answer 22

12

Question 23

Peasants were not allowed to wear clothing made out of what?

Answer 23

Silk

Question 24

How were the Samurai treated in the Japanese feudal society?

Answer 24

They were a much respected warrior class

Question 25

Name some facts about the Samurai?

Answer 25

They lived in castle towns controlled by the shogun or daimyo they served.

Question 26

Name some virtues the samurai stood for?

Answer 26

.Only the samurai were allowed to have swords. They carried 2 swords, a large one to slice the enemy in two, and a smaller one to cut off the head of the defeated enemy. There were many subdivisions in the samurai ranks. The lowest and least honorable were the ronin. Samurai were forbidden to be involved in trade and business. In peacetime, they were officers, surveyed land, collected taxes, and kept order.

Question 27

A Samurai warrior was expected to be brave when faced with what?

Answer 27

Either of the following: Honour, loyalty, bravery, self-discipline, and self-denial. 41.When faced with pain or death and to be prepared to die fearlessly in battle

Question 28

What other thing were the Samurai dedicated to?

Answer 28

The constant dedication to learning, ex. Many samurai studied poetry and philosophy

Question 29

The samurai were prepared to die for what 2 things?

Answer 29

heir honor and their Daimyo’s honor

Question 30

What is Seppuku and how was it committed?

Answer 30

Seppuku is ritual suicide. When commiting seppuku, the samurai would plunge a small sword into his abdomen and slice it open. Then, and aide would end the samurai’s agony by beheading him.

Question 31

Seppuku was determined as an honorable alternative to what 2 things?

Answer 31

. Humiliation and public shame

Question 32

Seppuku was considered more honourable if the samurai did what?

Answer 32

If the samurai composed a poem at the time of his death

Question 33

Were farmers considered important in Edo Japan, and if so, why?

Answer 33

Yes farmers were considered important because they were primary producers and produced food that was sufficient to the country

Question 34

What things were peasants forbidden to do?

Answer 34

Smoke tobacco, drink rice wine or leave their district without special permission

Question 35

What an artisan did in his life was determined by what?

Answer 35

An artisans son was expected to do the same or similar craft that his father did and was restricted to the same class of his father

Question 36

Where did Artisans usually live?

Answer 36

In towns or cities

Question 37

Even though Artisans were extremely skilled, why were they ranked lower than peasants?

Answer 37

They were ranked lower than peasants because they relied on materials produced by other people. Such as silk from a farmer.

Question 38

Where did merchants buy their items from?

Answer 38

They bought their items from artisans to either trade or sell

Question 39

Why did Merchants perform a similar function to that of bankers?

Answer 39

They performed a function similar to bankers because they kept rice in their storehouses, and rice was used as the currency at that time

Question 40

Where were Merchants located on the social order?

Answer 40

They were located at the bottom of the social order

Question 41

Why did Merchants act cautiously

Answer 41

They acted cautiously because there were government spies everywhere, and if the merchants showed off their wealth in any kind of way, they would be punished. Their businesses could be taken over or confisticated.

Question 42

How were women’s responsibilities determined?

Answer 42

Their responsibilities were determined by the class they were born into

Question 43

Women born into the samurai class were expected to do what?

Answer 43

Women born into the samurai class were expected to give their children a proper samurai upbringing

Question 44

What was the difference between women in rural areas, and upper-class women?

Answer 44

Women in rural-areas had more freedom than women in the upper-class

Question 45

What did women do alongside their husbands?

Answer 45

Women in rural-areas often worked alongside their husbands in the field, harvesting crops, gathering wood, or getting silk from silkworms

Question 46

What was the difference between men and women in the overall hierarchy?

Answer 46

In the overall hierarchy, women were ranked lower than men

Question 47

What was one thing that women did not have in the Edo period?

Answer 47

Women in the Edo period did not have legal existence; they could not own land or any properties

Question 48

How were women supposed to act towards their husbands?

Answer 48

Women were supposed to obey, and honor their husbands, and to be smiley and cheery around them all the time

Question 49

Who were outcasts, and what did their jobs include?

Answer 49

Outcasts were people who were shunned or ignored by the Japanese society. 62. Their jobs often included death.

Question 50

What are some examples of occupations done by outcasts?

Answer 50

Leather tanners, Butchers, etc

Question 51

What other kinds of people were considered outcasts?

Answer 51

People with leprosy and some entertainers were also outcasts.

Question 52

What were some of the rules for the outcasts?

Answer 52

They were not allowed to enter a peasants home,they were not allowed to be in a city until 8:00pm, and they were not allowed to change jobs

Question 53

Some Ainu feel that the legislation does not go far enough because_______

Answer 53

They are the rules and customs in a society that regulate people’s behaviour.

Question 54

What is the purpose of “social controls”

Answer 54

To maintain order in society

Question 55

Who was Confucius and what did he teach?

Answer 55

Confucius was a Chinese scholar whose teachings for moral living were brought 69.over to Japan by Buddhist monks.

Question 56

What did Confucianism teach?

Answer 56

It taught that everyone had a proper place in society, and if everyone accepted 71.their duties and obligations, there would be peace and order. If not there would be chaos and suffering.

Question 57

What was one of Confucianism famous sayings?

Answer 57

What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others.”

Question 58

What were the 5 basic relationships, and what were their duties and obligations?

Answer 58

Ruler- Subject

Father- Children

Husband-Wife

Older brother-Younger brother

Friend- friend

Question 59

What were the responsibilities and consequences of people in the goningumi?

Answer 59

People in the goningumi were expected to care and to look out for one another. If one person disobeyed the law, then the entire group could be punished.

Question 60

What happened in 1543?

Answer 60

In 1543, a Portuguese ship landed on the coast of a Japanese island. They told the Japanese that they had come to trade. The Japanese at first were welcoming.

Question 61

What kind of religious differences and similarities did the Japanese and the Christian clergy have?

Answer 61

Similarities: They both believed in ethical codes (rules about right and wrong behaviour) and they both believed that murder and stealing was wrong. Differences: The Japanese religion believed in multiple gods, while Christianity only believes in one.

Question 62

Who was Francis Xavier?

Answer 62

Francis Xavier was a Christian Jesuit, who arrived in Japan in 1549 to start missions to convert the upper class, the Daimyo and the Samurai to Christianity.