Chapter 13 Flashcards
Q: What is the modernization theory?
A: A theory that argues that the social change occurring in non-western societies under colonial rule was a necessary and inevitable prelude of higher levels of social development that had been reached by the more “modern” nations.
Q: What is the dependency theory?
A: A theory that argues that the success of “independent” capitalist nations required the failure of “dependent” colonies or nations whose economies have been distorted to serve the needs of dominant capitalist outsiders.
Q: What is the world-system theory?
A: A theory that argues that capitalism incorporates various religions and peoples into a world system whose parts are linked economically but not politically.
Q: What is a core?
A: In world-system theory, the nation’s specializing in banking, finance, and highly skilled industrial production.
Q: What is periphery?
A: In world-system theory, those exploited former colonies that supply the core with inexpensive food, goods, and raw materials.
Q: What is semi-periphery?
A: In a world-system theory, states that have played peripheral roles in the past but that now have sufficient industrial capacity and other resources to possibly achieve core status in the future.
Q: What is neoliberalism?
A: A political perspective that promotes individual freedom, open markets, and free trade while opposing strong state involvement in personal and economic affairs.
Q: What is visual anthropology?
A: The anthropological contribution to visual culture of ethnographic photography, film, and digital media representations of cultural data.
Q: What is diaspora?
A: Migrant populations with a shared identity who live in a variety of different locales around the world; a form of transborder identity that does not focus on nation-building.
Q: What are long-distance nationalists?
A: Members of a diaspora who begin to organize in support of nationalist struggles in their homeland or to agitate for a state of their own.
Q: What is a transboarder state?
A: A state in which it is claimed that those people who left the country and their descendants remain part of their ancestral state, even if they are citizens of another state.
Q: What is transborder citizenry?
A: A group made up of citizens of a country who continue to live in the homeland plus the people who have emigrated from the country and their descendants, regardless of their current citizenship.
Q: What is legal citizenship?
A: The rights and obligations of citizenship granted by the laws of a state.
Q: What is substantive citizenship?
A: the actions people take, regardless of their legal citizenship status, to assert their membership in a state and to bring about political changes that will improve their lives.
Q: What is transnational nation-states?
A: Nation-states in which the relationships between citizens and their states extended to wherever citizens reside.
