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Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Application Portfolio

A

Recommended applications that result from the planning and justification process in application development

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2
Q

IT Strategic Plan

A

long-term goals required to achieve the organization’s objectives

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3
Q

IT Steering Committee

A

A group of managers and staff decide on IT priorities and if technology meets the company’s needs

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4
Q

IS Operational Plan

A

lists projects, making sure they align with the IT strategic plan

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5
Q

IT Costs Downsides

A

Allocating Fixed Costs
Ongoing Costs
Unanticipated Costs
Long-Term Effects of Design Choices

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6
Q

IT Investment Benefits

A

Improved CRM/Decision Making
Used for Various Purposes
Benefits Realized when Implemented
Real-World Testing

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7
Q

Types of Conducting Cost-Benefit Analysis

A

Net Present Value (NPV)
Return on Investment (ROI)
Break-Even Analysis
Business Case Approach

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8
Q

Net Present Value (NPV)

A

A way to calculate whether the benefits of a project are worth more than its costs by comparing the current value of future benefits to the costs, using the company’s cost of funds

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9
Q

Return on Investment (ROI)

A

A measure of how well a company makes profits from its assets, calculated by dividing the net income by the average assets invested. A higher percentage means better performanc

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10
Q

Break-even analysis

A

Do benefits=investments

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11
Q

Business case approach

A

Involves writing a business case to justify funding for specific projects, describing current processes and how a new system can improve them

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12
Q

Application service provider (ASP)

A

Companies that gives businesses software and handles its setup, maintenance, and support for them

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13
Q

Software-as-a-service (SaaS)

A

Using a software online hosted by a company

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14
Q

Outsourcing in IT

A

Use of outside contractors or external organizations to acquire IT applications or services

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15
Q

Continuous application development

A

Process of steadily adding new computer code to a software project as the new code is written and tested

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16
Q

4 Fundamental Businesses Decisions for Acquiring IS

A

How much computer code to write?
How to pay for the application?
Where will the application run?
Where will the application originate?

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17
Q

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

A

A step-by-step process for planning, building, and managing big IT projects

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18
Q

Systems analysts

A

Analyze and design information systems

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19
Q

Programmers

A

Modify or write computer programs to meet user needs

20
Q

Systems Stakeholders

A

People who are affected by changes in information systems

21
Q

Systems Investigation

A

The first stage in Systen Development Life Cycle (SDLC) that examines the business problem or opportunity through a feasibility study

22
Q

Feasibility Study

A

A check to see if a project can succeed and how likely it is to work

23
Q

Systems Analysis

A

Studying the business problem the system will solve.

24
Q

Systems Design

A

Describes how the new system will solve the business problem

25
Q

Scope Creep

A

Adding extra features to a system during development

26
Q

Programming

A

Turning system design into working computer code

27
Q

Implementation

A

Switching from an old system to a new one

28
Q

4 Conversion Methods

A

Direct
Pilot
Phased
Parallel

29
Q

Direct Conversion

A

Switching from the old system to the new one all at once

30
Q

Pilot Conversion

A

Testing the new system in one part of the organization before using it everywhere else

31
Q

Phased Conversion

A

Introducing parts of the new system gradually until the whole system is up and running

32
Q

Parallel Conversion

A

Running both the old and new systems at the same time for a period

33
Q

Joint Application Design (JAD)

A

A group-based method to gather user requirements and create system designs

34
Q

Rapid Application Development (RAD)

A

A method that uses special tools and an iterative approach to quickly create a high-quality system

35
Q

Agile Development

A

A software development method that delivers functionality in short, rapid cycles (weeks) with frequent communication, development, testing, and delivery

36
Q

End-User Development

A

An approach where the organization’s end users create their own applications with minimal or no help from the IT department

37
Q

Shadow IT

A

Technology used by end users without approval from the organization’s IT department

38
Q

Prototyping

A

An approach where an initial system is built quickly, then improved through multiple iterations based on user feedback.

39
Q

Prototype

A

A small-scale working model of a system, focusing on the components most important to users.

40
Q

Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)

A

A development approach that uses specialized tools to automate tasks in the SDLC

41
Q

Upper CASE tools

A

Tools used to automate the early stages of the SDLC (investigation, analysis, and design)

42
Q

Lower CASE tools

A

Tools used to automate the later stages of the SDLC (programming, testing, operation, and maintenance)

43
Q

Integrated CASE (ICASE) tools

A

CASE tools that link upper CASE and lower CASE tools together

44
Q

Component-based development

A

A software development method that uses standard components to build applications.

45
Q

Object-oriented development

A

A systems development method that starts by modeling real-world aspects necessary to perform a task

46
Q

Containers

A

A method of developing applications that run independently of the server’s base operating system

dgffgdfdg (13 decks)

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