Chapter 13 Flashcards
what is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction?
-Asexual:
-without fusion of gametes
-parents are genetically identical to offspring
-sexual:
-fusion of gametes
-genetic variation
why is meiosis I referred to as a reduction division?
it reduces the number of chromosomes to half the normal number
why is meiosis II referred to as an equational division?
Because we are not changing the amount of DNA in each cell
how does sexual reproduction lead to genetic variation?
independent assortment and crossing-over during meiosis, and random union of gametes during fertilization.
what is a male gamete?
sperm
what is a female gamete?
oocyte or egg
what is the human diploid number?
-46 chromosomes in total
-23 from each parent
what is the human haploid number?
23 chromosomes
where does crossing over occur?
at the chiasma
what is a tetrad?
-two pairs of homologous chromosomes next to each other
-this helps in crossing over
