chapter 13 Flashcards
has the relationship between management and employees been smooth?
no
what is managements responsibility?
to produce a profit
why were unions formed?
to protect workers from intolerable work conditions and unfair treatment
what are the 3 reasons that in recent decades union strength has got weaker?
global competition- lots of jobs are being out sourced so less workers can join the union
shift from manufacturing to service and high tech industries- high tech and service jobs do not need a union to negotiate on their behalf
growth in part-time work- there have been less people joining unions since they are only part time
why do unions have their strength?
they get their strength from numbers and all there workers coming together to voice their problems instead of one by one
what are the 2 types of unions?
a craft union
an industrial union
what is a craft union?
an organization of skilled specialists in a particular craft or trade
why were craft unions formed?
they were formed to address fundamental work issues of pay, hours, conditions and job security typically for trades workers
what is an industrial union?
a union that consists of unskilled and semi skilled workers in mass production industries like car manufacturing and mining
what are the 6 reasons/ PRO’s employees join unions?
pro-union attitudes
poor management/ employee relations
negative organizational climate
poor work conditions
unions good reputation
job security
what are the 6 reasons/ CON’s that employees do not join unions?
anti-union attitude
good management/ labour relations
positive organizational climate
good work conditions
unions bad reputation
peer pressure
what are 6 things unions develop for workers?
workers compensation
minimum wage
overtime rules
severance pay
child labour laws
job saftey regulations
what are 5 recent developments in employee benefits
workers compensation
minimum wage
vacations
pension plans
unemployment insurance
what does the unionization rate refer to?
the percentage pf employees individuals who are union members
what does the coverage rate refer to?
the percentage of employeed individuals both union and non union who are covered by a collective agreement
who are unions regulated by?
federal and provincial legislation
what does the law require unions to be?
democratic, financially accountable to their members and be registered with the labour board
what percentage of workers in canada are protected by the employment laws of their Provence?
94%
what is the labour relations board (LRB)?
a quasi-judicial body consisting of representatives from government, labour and business. they invistigate any workplace violations of the law
what does the labour relations board investigate?
any work place violations of the law
what does the Supreme Court of canada define sexual harassment as?
the unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature that detrimentally affects the work environment
what does CCOHS define workplace violence as?
any act in which a person is abused, threatened, intimidated or assaulted in their employment
what is collective bargaining?
the process whereby union and management representatives negotiate a contract for workers
what is certification?
a formal process whereby a union is recognized by the labour relations board as the bargaining agent for a group of employees
what is decertification?
the process by which workers can take away unions rights to represent them
what is the collective bargaining management agreement?
more informally referred to as the labour contract, clarifies the terms and conditions and sets the tone under which management and organized labour will function over a specific period
what are the 4 hiring conditions?
closed shop
union shop
agency shop
open shop
what is closed shop hiring?
when all new hires must be union members and hiring is done through the union
what is union shop hiring?
the employer is free to hire anybody but the recruit must join the union within a short period of time
what is agency shop hiring?
the new employee is not required to join the union but must pay union dues
what is open shop hiring?
employees are free to join or not to join the union and pay or not to pay
what are the 3 pros to joining a union?
members are generally better protected when a dispute rises
usually receive higher wages and better benefit coverage
better negotiating power as a group rather then an individual
what are the 3 cons of joining a union?
promotion and pay may be determined by seniority
negotiated compensation usually leads to higher production cost
you may not agree with all of the unions decisions
what are the 3 types of disputes?
grievance
arbitration
mediation
what is a grievance?
a procedure laid down in the contract for resolving differences of interpretation
what is arbitration?
independent, outside party to rule on the grievances
what is mediation?
the same as arbitration, but the mediator has no power to impose a ruling upon the parties
how does the grievance resolution process work?
the problem will work its way up the chain of authority until it is solved
what is conciliation?
the process by which a trade union or an employer must use the governments services to help resolve differences
what is the bargaining zone?
the range of options between the initial and final offer
how long can the negation process take?
it can go on for months
what is mediation?
the use of a third party mediator who encourages both sides in a dispute to consider to negotiate, they can make suggestions but not decisions
what is arbitration?
an agreement to bring a impartial third party to make a decisions in a Labour dispute
what is the labour agreement?
the agreement of work between the employee and management
how long are labour agreements?
normally no longer than 2-3 years due to wanting to renegotiate after the contract
what are 4 labour weapons used by employees to resolve conflict?
strikes
boycotts
picketing
work slowdowns
what are 4 management weapons used by managers to resolve conflict?
injections (legislation making workers work)
strikebreakers (temporary workers)
lockouts (lock the work premises)
bankruptcy
what is the back to work legislation?
laws that would force people to work and not strike
why do they have the back to work legislation?
so people striking doesn’t effect the public good (hospitals)
what are strikes?
when workers collectively refuse to go back to work
what are rotating strikes?
a union tactic of having alternating strikes amount different plants or cities, this lets employees get some pay
what is a wildcat strike?
an unauthorized strike organized by the workers
what are the 2 work place laws that would affect unionizing?
the right to know about workplace hazards
the right to refuse unsafe work
why would the right to know about workplace hazards and the right to refuse unsafe work affect unionizing?
because employees may feel that these laws protect them enough and joining a union would not be very beneficial when they are protected under these 2 rules
