Chapter 12 (Module 12.3)

Question 1

Three features within protective shell of skull provide additional shelter for delicate brain tissue include?

Answer 1

• cranial meninges
• cerebrospinal fluid
• blood-brain barrier

Question 2

three layers of membranes that surround brain

Answer 2

cranial meninges

Question 3

fluid that bathes brain and fills cavities

Answer 3

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Question 4

prevents many substances from entering brain and its cells from blood

Answer 4

blood-brain barrier

Question 5

composed of three protective membrane layers of mostly dense irregular collagenous tissue

Answer 5

cranial meninges

Question 6

What is the structural arrangement from superficial to deep of the cranial meninges?

Answer 6

epidural space, dura mater, subdural space, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, and pia mater

Question 7

between inner surface of cranial bones and outer surface of dura mater; only a potential space as dura is normally tightly bound to bone only allowing for passage of blood vessels

Answer 7

epidural space

Question 8

outermost meninx; thickest and most durable of three meningeal layers; double-layered membrane composed mostly of collagen fibers with few elastic fibers

Answer 8

dura mater

Question 9

venous channels that drain CSF and deoxygenated blood from the brain’s extensive network of veins

Answer 9

dural sinuses

Question 10

serous fluid-filled space; found deep to dura mater and superficial to arachnoid mater; houses veins that drain blood from brain

Answer 10

subdural space

Question 11

second meningeal layer deep to subdural space; thin weblike membrane composed of dense irregular collagenous tissue with some degree of elasticity

Answer 11

arachnoid mater

Question 12

small bundles of arachnoid; project superficially through meningeal dura into the dural sinuses; allow for return of CSF to bloodstream

Answer 12

arachnoid granulations

Question 13

found deep to arachnoid mater and superficial to pia mater; contains major blood vessels of brain; filled with CSF

Answer 13

subarachnoid space

Question 14

deepest meningeal layer; only meninx in physical contact with brain tissue

Answer 14

pia mater

Question 15

Four ventricles within brain are linked cavities that are continuous with

Answer 15

the central canal of the spinal cord

Question 16

What are the ventricles and central canal lined and filled with?

Answer 16

lines w/ ependymal cells and filled w/ cerebrospinal fluid

Question 17

narrow cavity found between two lobes of diencephalon; connected to lateral ventricles by interventricular foramen

Answer 17

third ventricle

Question 18

between pons and cerebellum; connected to third ventricle by cerebral aqueduct (small passageway through midbrain)

Answer 18

fourth ventricle

Question 19

How does cerebrospinal fluid protect the brain?

Answer 19

• cushions brain
• removes waste
• increases buoyancy

Question 20

Why are the choroid plexuses significant?

Answer 20

where majority of CSF is manufactured

Question 21

Where are the choroid plexuses located?

Answer 21

found in each of four ventricles where blood vessels come into direct contact with ependymal cells

Question 22

protective safeguard that separates CSF and brain ECF from chemicals and disease-causing organisms sometimes found in blood plasma

Answer 22

blood-brain barrier

Question 23

What makes the blood-brain barrier unique?

Answer 23

certain substances can pass through plasma membranes or protein channels or carriers and cross the blood-brain barrier