Chapter 12 (Module 1) Flashcards
includes brain and spinal cord; involved in movement, interpreting sensory information, maintaining homeostasis, and functions relating to mind
central nervous system
The functions of the nervous system can be broken down into which three categories?
- motor
- sensory
- integrative
include stimulation of a muscle cell contraction or a gland secretion; function of peripheral nervous system (PNS)
motor functions
detection of sensations within and outside body; also is a function of PNS
sensory functions
includes decision making process, Interpretation of sensory information, Planning and monitoring movement, Maintenance of homeostasis, and Higher mental functions such as language and learning
integrative functions
soft, whitish-gray organ, anatomically continuous with spinal cord; resides in cranial cavity and directly or indirectly controls most of body’s functions
brain
What are the four divisions of the brain?
- cerebrum
- diencephalon
- cerebellum
- brainstem
internal cavities are called
ventricles
enlarged superior portion of brain; divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres
cerebrum
Responsible for higher mental function such as learning, memory, personality, cognition (thinking), language, and conscience
cerebrum
deep underneath cerebral hemispheres; central core of brain
diencephalon
Responsible for processing, integrating, and relaying information to different parts of brain, homeostatic functions, regulation of movement, and biological rhythms
diencephalon
posterior and inferior portion of the brain and is divided into left and right hemispheres
cerebellum
responsible for heavily involved in planning and coordination of movement, especially complex activities such as playing a sport or an instrument
cerebellum
connects the brain to the spinal cord
brainstem
responsible for basic involuntary homeostatic functions, control of certain reflexes, monitoring movement, integrating and relaying information to other parts of nervous system
brainstem
long tubular organ enclosed within protective vertebral cavity; blends with inferior portion of brainstem; ends between first and second lumbar vertebrae
spinal cord
an internal cavity within spinal cord that is continuous with brain’s ventricles; filled with cerebrospinal fluid
central canal
found in both brain and spinal cord; consists of myelinated axons
white matter
Each lobe of cerebrum contains bundles of white matter called
tracts
clusters of cell bodies and dendrites in cerebral gray matter called
nuclei
found in both brain and spinal cord; consists of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons
gray matter
hollow tube from which nervous tissue develops; completely developed by fourth week of gestation
neural tube
what are the three primary brain vesicles?
- forebrain
- midbrain
- hindbrain
the forebrain expands into two secondary brain vesicles called
the telencephalon and the diencephalon
Midbrain expands into secondary brain vesicle called
mesencephalon
Hindbrain develops into two secondary brain vesicles called
metencephalon and myelencephalon
matures to become cerebellum
metencephalon
in a mature brain, the telencephalon turns into?
the cerebrum
