Chapter 12; Health and Illness

Question 1

health

Answer 1

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

epidemiological transition

Answer 2

historical changes in patterns of morbidity and mortality from a predominance of infectious and parasitic disease to degenerative disease

Question 3

health in the early 20th century

Answer 3

increasing life expectancy, infant mortality down
infectious epidemics decline
improved sanitation and food security
public health and medicine improves

Question 4

present day health

Answer 4

high life expectancy (65+)
degenerative disease takes over infectious disease as leading cause of mortality
infectious epidemics down, some eradicated
new diseases linked to social forces

Question 5

morbitity

Answer 5

the prevenlance and patterns of disease in a population

Question 6

what are the 3 official causes of death

Answer 6

1. cancer 2. heart disease 3.stroke

Question 7

what are the top there official causes of death for men

Answer 7

1.cancer 2.heart disease 3.accidents

Question 8

what are the top 3 official cause of death for women

Answer 8

1. cancer 2. heart disease 3. stroke

Question 9

what is the leading cause of preventable death

Answer 9

tobacco use

Question 10

what are the top 3 underlying actual causes of death

Answer 10

smoking, poor diet/physical inactivity, alcohol misuse

Question 11

what are the fundamental sources of health and illness

Answer 11

socioeconomic status and ethinicty

Question 12

social selection hypothesis

Answer 12

if peoples mental disorders are not effectively treated they may experience functional difficulties in school/work that cause them to drift into lower socioeconomic status/prevent them from rising into a higher status position

Question 13

social causation hypothesis

Answer 13

a lack of material resources (ex. loosing a job) creates stress, which contributes to the development of mental disorders, research lends greater support to this hypothesis

Question 14

Functionalist perspective; the sick role

Answer 14

when people are sick they are unable to fulfill their roles, instead they adopt a sick role; 4 components:
1. sick person is granted temporary exemption from their normal social duties
2. sick person is not considered responsible for their condition, given sympathy
3. it is the sick person’s responsibility to try to get well
4. it is the sick person’s responsibility to seek medical help