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SC Cosmotology State Board Milady > Chapter 12 Chemistry > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Inorganic chemistry is the study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain which element?

A

Hydrogen

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2
Q

Which substance cannot be broken down into simpler substances without loss of identity?

A

Molecule

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3
Q

Chemically joining two or more atoms in definite proportion forms a what?

A

Molecule.

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4
Q

What is a stable physical mixture of two or more substances?

A

A solution.

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5
Q

What is a substance dissolved into a solution?

A

A solute.

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6
Q

Liquids that are not capable of being mixed into stable solutions are considered what?

A

Immiscible

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7
Q

Solutions that contain undissolved particles that are visible to the naked eye are known as what?

A

Suspensions.

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8
Q

What is a mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of a binder?

A

An emulsion.

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9
Q

What is the substance of that acts as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify?

A

A surfactant.

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10
Q

The tail of a surfactant molecule is oil loving or is called what?

A

Lipophilic

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11
Q

A molecule that carries an electric charge is called what?

A

An ion

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12
Q

What are alpha hydroxy acid’s for? also known as AHAs.

A

They are used to exfoliate the skin.

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13
Q

What does an exothermic chemical reaction do?

A

An exothermic chemical reaction releases heat.

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14
Q

A substance that has a pH below 7.0 is considered to be what?

A

Acidic.

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15
Q

Alkanolamines are often used in place of ammonia because they do what?

A

Produce less odor.

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16
Q

True or false:

Minerals are composed of organic chemicals.

A

False. Minerals are not composed of organic chemicals.

17
Q

Elemental molecules contain two or more what of the same element in definite proportions.

A

Atoms

18
Q

Vapor is a what that has evaporated into a gas like state.

A

Liquid.

19
Q

An oxidizing agent is a substance that releases what?

A

Oxygen.

20
Q

True or false:

Pure substances are the same as physical mixtures.

A

True.

21
Q

Calamine lotion is an example of a what?

A

Mixture

22
Q

Water in oil emulsions feel how different than oil in water emulsions?

A

Greasier than

23
Q

What is used commonly to raise the pH in hair products to allow the solution to penetrate the hair shaft?

A

Ammonia

24
Q

Volatile organic compounds contain what and evaporate very easily?

A

Carbon.

25
Q

True or false:

Oil has no pH.

A

True

26
Q

The chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide is called what?

A

Oxidization

27
Q

The term logarithm means multiples of how many?

A

10.

28
Q

The process through which oxygen is subtracted or hydrogen is added to a substance via a chemical reaction is called what?

A

Reduction.

29
Q

Any substance that occupies space and has mass is called what?

A

Matter

30
Q

Characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical change in the substances are what?

A

Chemical properties.

31
Q

A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions is called what?

A

A pure substance.

32
Q

A physical combination of matter in any proportion’s is called what?

A

A physical mixture.

33
Q

What is the smallest chemical component of an element?

A

An atom.

34
Q

Rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light is known as what?

A

Combustion.

35
Q

Characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not involve a chemical change in the substance are called what?

A

Physical properties.

SC Cosmotology State Board Milady (16 decks)

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