Chapter 12 Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development Flashcards
ego identity
individuals sense of who they are and what they stand for occurs in adolescence, they face choices
psychological moratorium
adolescents experiment with different roles, values, beliefs and relationships, undergo identity crisis in which they examine their values
identity crisis
a turning point in development during which people examine their values and make decisions about life roles
marcia
chart
identity diffusion
least advanced status, adolescents have no commitments, nor trying to form them
foreclosure
commitments are made without considering alternatives; made early in life; based on identifications with parents, teachers or religious leaders, taking over the family farm
moratorium
actively exploring alternatives in an attempt to make a choice; individuals are often anxious and intense
identity achievement
alternatives are explored and firm commitments developed; have high self-esteem and self-acceptance
development of identity statuses children before highschool
in identity diffusion or foreclosure
development of identity statuses in college
movement from diffusion and foreclosure to moratorium and achievement statuses
who has more of a sense of identity crisis of college students ?
last year of study students have more of a sense of identity
self-identity complex
more complex fro adolescents who are members of non-dominant cultural, religious, racial, or ethnic group
stage 1 in the development of ethnic identity
unexamined ethnic identity- similar to diffusion or foreclosure
stage 2 in the development of ethnic identity
ethnic identity search- similar to moratorium; based on an incident that makes the adolescent aware of their own ethnicity
stage 3 in the development of ethnic identity
achieved ethnic identity- inlines self-acceptance as a member of one’s ethnic group
self-concept
overall evaluation of self in terms of self-perceptions of abilities; evaluate whiter adequate or inadequate in academic and non-academic domains
self-esteem
defines as a child progresses from middle childhood to about the age 12 or 13; they being aware of the difference between the ideal self and their real self in terms of physical appearence
clique
5 to 10 individuals who hang around together and share actives and confidences
crowd
large groups, may not spend too much time together but show higher levels In drug use or illegal behaviour
Less serious offences such as truancy, underage drinking, running away from home, and sexual promiscuity (when shown by minors) are referred to as
status offences
restorative justice
Holds community healing as the cornerstone
Acknowledges and repairs harm that victims experience while holding the young person accountable in meaningful ways
sexual harassment victims
may suffer physical illness, resign from their jobs, or drop courses/switch programs in college due to the harassment.
crystallized intelligence
(represents one’s lifetime of intellectual attainments) increases with age;
fluid intelligence
(mental flexibility, the ability to process information rapidly) is more likely to decrease with age.
