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EVR1001C > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when the aquifer goes dry?

A

It makes a sinkhole

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2
Q

Soil subsidence=?

A

Sink hole

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3
Q

Where is groundwater found?

A

Found in porous holes underneath (aquifers)

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4
Q

** Most of our water is in _________________.

A

Oceans

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5
Q

** There is very little ________________________.

A

Freshwater

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6
Q

** 2.5% of our water is _________________, but not all is available for our use.

A

Freshwater

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7
Q

????????

Where is freshwater found?

A

(in ice caps and glaciers) not available for use

Surface freshwater

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8
Q

What percentage of freshwater is available for our use?

A

Less than 1%

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9
Q

Figures out who gets water

A

Rights over rivers

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10
Q

We get water from?

A

Ponds, lakes, and rivers

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11
Q

Our water is taken, filtered, and checked for microbes before going into?

A

Tap Water

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12
Q

Most freshwater is found in where?

A

Glaciers, ice caps, and underground in aquifer

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13
Q

How many aquifers are there in Florida?

A

Five

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14
Q

What is an aquifer?

A

Like a big sponge made of rocks, sand, and gravel; storage area under ground that holds water

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15
Q

Why do we dig wells?

A

To retrieve water

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16
Q

_________ Amount of water is being withdrawn from aquifers than is being recharged.

A

4x

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17
Q

What country is the largest user of water?

A

United States

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18
Q

Potable water

A

Drinkable water

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19
Q

Freshwater

A

relatively potable w few dissolved salts

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20
Q

Zone of aeration-

A

Pore spaces partly filled w water

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21
Q

Zone of saturation-

A

spaces are filled w water

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22
Q

Water table-

A

boundary between two zones

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23
Q

Surface water-

A

water on earths surface

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24
Q

Surface water is what percentage of freshwater?

A

1%

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25
Q

Surface water becomes

A

becomes ground water by infiltration

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26
Q

Runoff-

A

water flows overland

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27
Q

Runoff merges in

A

merges in rivers, lakes and oceans

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28
Q

Floodplain

A

areas next to rivers that are flooded periodically; provides nutrients

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29
Q

Lake-

A

large natural area caused by collapse filled w water

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30
Q

Pond-

A

small, many man made ditch that provides flood protection

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31
Q

Área with the most biodiversity-

A

litheral zone(shoreline)

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32
Q

Eutrophication

A

natural increase of nutrients in waterway

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33
Q

Cultural Eutrophication-

A

many nutrients at once; creates algae blooms

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34
Q

Biggest marsh in Fl-

A

Everglades

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35
Q

Swamp

A

Characterized by (cypress) trees

36
Q

Marsh

A

river of grass

37
Q

Oceans cover __% of the earth and hold __% of surface water

A

Oceans cover 71% of the earth and hold 97% of surface water

38
Q

Desalination plants

A

Desalination plants remove salt from seawater to make it potable freshwater

39
Q

Number of Desalination plants

A

20000 facilities worldwide

40
Q

Desalination plants realistic?

A

Unrealistic due to cost

41
Q

Watershed

A

area of drainage

42
Q

Biggest watershed

A

KOE Kissimmee okachobee Everglades

43
Q

Ocean acidification

A

ocean absorbs co2

44
Q

Water shortages create

A

water wars (bad to be last)

45
Q

Hottest area in US

A

southwest (hotspot)

46
Q

__% of our water use is for agriculture

A

70%

47
Q

__% of bottles (__–__ billion/yr) was thrown away and not recycled

A

75% of bottles (30–40 billion/yr) was thrown away and not recycled

48
Q

You can refill a bottle up to _ times that it has bacterial contamination

A

4 times

49
Q

Most water is used for

A

irrigation and agriculture

50
Q

Point source pollution-

A

easy to monitor (known locations)

51
Q

Nonpoint source pollution-

A

overbroad area (difficult to monitor)(runoff)

52
Q

__ m ppl die from water pollution (usually children under 5)

A

1.6 m

53
Q

pH

A

potential hydrogen

54
Q

Most Of the world rivers Are

A

Unnatural (dammed/blocked)

55
Q

Retention ponds are for-

A

flood protection, habitats, aquifer recharge, filtering water

56
Q

Red mangroves

A

Red mangroves-roots out of water

57
Q

Black mangroves

A

Black mangroves- a root(dead mans finger) sticking out of soil(snorkel roots)

58
Q

White mangroves

A

White- leaves w bulbs on them to get rid of some salt(more on shore)

59
Q

Estuaries are filled with

A

Estuaries are filled w brackish water(mangroves in this area)

60
Q

Coral is

A

Coral is an animal (state of Emergency with the Great Barrier Reef)

61
Q

Nutrient pollution promotes

A

algae growth smothering reefs

62
Q

Coral bleaching

A

Coral takes in too much co2

63
Q

Country with the most dams in the world

A

China

64
Q

Dams are erected to

A

prevent floods, provide drinking water, allow irrigation, and generate electricity (hydropower)

65
Q

US lost over half of wetlands but their numbers are increasing bc of _______ are increasing

A

retention ponds (artificial wetlands)

66
Q

Range of tolerance for a living species is

A

6.5-8.2 pH

67
Q

Turbidity-

A

water clear or not

68
Q

Deepwater Horizon

A

Deepwater Horizon platform exploded in 2010 polluted Louisiana Mississippi Alabama and Florida; largest accidental spill; 11 ppl lost

69
Q

Bycatch-

A

accidental capture of nontarget animals

70
Q

Bottom trolling-

A

entails dragging immense nets through the water or on the ocean floor

71
Q

Problem w aquifers-

A

salt water intrusion; lateral movement of water; gas oil fertilizers pesticides (human use);

72
Q

Biggest water user in US

A

Vegas

73
Q

Americans drink about __ gallons of water per year

A

Americans drink about 30 gallons of water per year

74
Q

DO stands for

A

dissolved oxygen

75
Q

Drip irrigation

A

most efficient; brings water directly to plants

76
Q

Mangroves are good for

A

habitats and soil stabilization

77
Q

Groundwater is being withdrawn for

A

bottled water

78
Q

Algae blooms contain

A

neurotoxins that kills fish and ppl

79
Q

Tampa Bay Watch

A

restoration efforts in bay

80
Q

EPA is in charge of

A

drinking water

81
Q

What is the North Pacifics Great Pacific Garbage Patch

A

fluctuates w tides; over size of Texas of plastics; floating island of plastic and trash

82
Q

Water pollution was worse decades ago due to

A

Water pollution was worse decades ago

Clean Water Act (1972)

83
Q

Groundwater is easily _

A

Depleted

84
Q

Water is limited but

A

Renewable

85
Q

Water is _ distributed

A

Unevenly

86
Q

Comprehensive Everglades Plan

A

a plan to restore, preserve, and protect the south Florida ecosystem

EVR1001C (11 decks)

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