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EVR1001C > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

What happens when the aquifer goes dry?

A

It makes a sinkhole

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2
Q

Soil subsidence=?

A

Sink hole

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3
Q

Where is groundwater found?

A

Found in porous holes underneath (aquifers)

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4
Q

** Most of our water is in _________________.

A

Oceans

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5
Q

** There is very little ________________________.

A

Freshwater

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6
Q

** 2.5% of our water is _________________, but not all is available for our use.

A

Freshwater

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7
Q

????????

Where is freshwater found?

A

(in ice caps and glaciers) not available for use

Surface freshwater

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8
Q

What percentage of freshwater is available for our use?

A

Less than 1%

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9
Q

Figures out who gets water

A

Rights over rivers

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10
Q

We get water from?

A

Ponds, lakes, and rivers

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11
Q

Our water is taken, filtered, and checked for microbes before going into?

A

Tap Water

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12
Q

Most freshwater is found in where?

A

Glaciers, ice caps, and underground in aquifer

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13
Q

How many aquifers are there in Florida?

A

Five

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14
Q

What is an aquifer?

A

Like a big sponge made of rocks, sand, and gravel; storage area under ground that holds water

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15
Q

Why do we dig wells?

A

To retrieve water

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16
Q

_________ Amount of water is being withdrawn from aquifers than is being recharged.

A

4x

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17
Q

What country is the largest user of water?

A

United States

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18
Q

Potable water

A

Drinkable water

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19
Q

Freshwater

A

relatively potable w few dissolved salts

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20
Q

Zone of aeration-

A

Pore spaces partly filled w water

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21
Q

Zone of saturation-

A

spaces are filled w water

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22
Q

Water table-

A

boundary between two zones

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23
Q

Surface water-

A

water on earths surface

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24
Q

Surface water is what percentage of freshwater?

A

1%

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25
Surface water becomes
becomes ground water by infiltration
26
Runoff-
water flows overland
27
Runoff merges in
merges in rivers, lakes and oceans
28
Floodplain
areas next to rivers that are flooded periodically; provides nutrients
29
Lake-
large natural area caused by collapse filled w water
30
Pond-
small, many man made ditch that provides flood protection
31
Área with the most biodiversity-
litheral zone(shoreline)
32
Eutrophication
natural increase of nutrients in waterway
33
Cultural Eutrophication-
many nutrients at once; creates algae blooms
34
Biggest marsh in Fl-
Everglades
35
Swamp
Characterized by (cypress) trees
36
Marsh
river of grass
37
Oceans cover __% of the earth and hold __% of surface water
Oceans cover 71% of the earth and hold 97% of surface water
38
Desalination plants
Desalination plants remove salt from seawater to make it potable freshwater
39
Number of Desalination plants
20000 facilities worldwide
40
Desalination plants realistic?
Unrealistic due to cost
41
Watershed
area of drainage
42
Biggest watershed
KOE Kissimmee okachobee Everglades
43
Ocean acidification
ocean absorbs co2
44
Water shortages create
water wars (bad to be last)
45
Hottest area in US
southwest (hotspot)
46
__% of our water use is for agriculture
70%
47
__% of bottles (__–__ billion/yr) was thrown away and not recycled
75% of bottles (30–40 billion/yr) was thrown away and not recycled
48
You can refill a bottle up to _ times that it has bacterial contamination
4 times
49
Most water is used for
irrigation and agriculture
50
Point source pollution-
easy to monitor (known locations)
51
Nonpoint source pollution-
overbroad area (difficult to monitor)(runoff)
52
__ m ppl die from water pollution (usually children under 5)
1.6 m
53
pH
potential hydrogen
54
Most Of the world rivers Are
Unnatural (dammed/blocked)
55
Retention ponds are for-
flood protection, habitats, aquifer recharge, filtering water
56
Red mangroves
Red mangroves-roots out of water
57
Black mangroves
Black mangroves- a root(dead mans finger) sticking out of soil(snorkel roots)
58
White mangroves
White- leaves w bulbs on them to get rid of some salt(more on shore)
59
Estuaries are filled with
Estuaries are filled w brackish water(mangroves in this area)
60
Coral is
Coral is an animal (state of Emergency with the Great Barrier Reef)
61
Nutrient pollution promotes
algae growth smothering reefs
62
Coral bleaching
Coral takes in too much co2
63
Country with the most dams in the world
China
64
Dams are erected to
prevent floods, provide drinking water, allow irrigation, and generate electricity (hydropower)
65
US lost over half of wetlands but their numbers are increasing bc of _______ are increasing
retention ponds (artificial wetlands)
66
Range of tolerance for a living species is
6.5-8.2 pH
67
Turbidity-
water clear or not
68
Deepwater Horizon
Deepwater Horizon platform exploded in 2010 polluted Louisiana Mississippi Alabama and Florida; largest accidental spill; 11 ppl lost
69
Bycatch-
accidental capture of nontarget animals
70
Bottom trolling-
entails dragging immense nets through the water or on the ocean floor
71
Problem w aquifers-
salt water intrusion; lateral movement of water; gas oil fertilizers pesticides (human use);
72
Biggest water user in US
Vegas
73
Americans drink about __ gallons of water per year
Americans drink about 30 gallons of water per year
74
DO stands for
dissolved oxygen
75
Drip irrigation
most efficient; brings water directly to plants
76
Mangroves are good for
habitats and soil stabilization
77
Groundwater is being withdrawn for
bottled water
78
Algae blooms contain
neurotoxins that kills fish and ppl
79
Tampa Bay Watch
restoration efforts in bay
80
EPA is in charge of
drinking water
81
What is the North Pacifics Great Pacific Garbage Patch
fluctuates w tides; over size of Texas of plastics; floating island of plastic and trash
82
Water pollution was worse decades ago due to
Water pollution was worse decades ago | Clean Water Act (1972)
83
Groundwater is easily _
Depleted
84
Water is limited but
Renewable
85
Water is _ distributed
Unevenly
86
Comprehensive Everglades Plan
a plan to restore, preserve, and protect the south Florida ecosystem

EVR1001C (11 decks)

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