Chapter 12

Question 1

red-green colorblindness

Answer 1

form of colorblindness where red and green are percieved by being identical
most common type
most common in males being sex linked

Question 2

x chromsome

Answer 2

2 in females

1 in males

Question 3

amniocentesis

Answer 3

a procedure that removes fluid surrounding the fetus to obtain and analyze fetal cells to diagnose genetic disorders

Question 4

multifactorial inheritance

Answer 4

interaction between genes and the environment that contributes to a phenotype or trait

Question 5

autosomes

Answer 5

paired chromosomes present in both males and females

all chromosomes except x and y

Question 6

codominance

Answer 6

form of inheritance in which both alleles contribute equally to the phenotype

Question 7

polygenic trait

Answer 7

trait whose phenotype is determined by the interaction among alleles of more than one gene

Question 8

sex chromosomes

Answer 8

paired chromosomes that differ between males and females
xx in females
xy in males

Question 9

trisomy 21

Answer 9

carrying an extra copy of chromosome 21

down syndrome

Question 10

x-linked triats

Answer 10

phenotype determined by an allele on an x chromosome

Question 11

y-chromosome analysis

Answer 11

comparing sequences on the Y chromosome to examine paternity and paternal ancestory

Question 12

aneuploidy

Answer 12

abnormal number of one or more chromosomes (either extra or missing copies)

Question 13

nondisjunction

Answer 13

failure of chromosomes to seperate

accurately during cell division in meiosis it leads to aneuploid gametes

Question 14

sex-linked inheritance

Answer 14

pattern of inheritance that may result from a mutant gene located on either x or y chromosome

Question 15

y-chromosome

Answer 15

sex chromosome normally present only in male cells

Question 16

estrogen

Answer 16

any of a group of steroid hormones that promote the development and maintenance of female characteristics of the body

Question 17

triple x syndrome

Answer 17

female born with three x chromosomes

Question 18

testes

Answer 18

reproductive glands located in the scrotum of a male

Question 19

Rh factor

Answer 19

Rh - only -

Rh + can get + or -

Question 20

xyy syndrome

Answer 20

males have extra y chromsome

usually very tall

Question 21

ovaries

Answer 21

female reproductive organ in which ova or eggs are produced, present in humans and other vertebrates as a pair

Question 22

estosterone

Answer 22

steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics, produced mainly in the testes, but also in ovaries and adernal cortex