Chapter 12 Flashcards
schizophrenia
A devastating psychotic disorder that may involve characteristic
disturbances in thinking (delusions), perception (hallucinations), speech, emotions, and behavior.
catatonia
A disorder of movement involving immobility or excited agitation.
hebephrenia
A silly and immature emotionality, a characteristic of some types of schizophrenia.
paranoia
People’s irrational beliefs that they are especially important (delusions of grandeur) or that other people are seeking to do them harm.
dementia praecox
The Latin term meaning premature loss of mind; an early label for what is now called schizophrenia, emphasizing the disorder’s frequent appearance during adolescence.
associative splitting
A separation among basic functions of human personality (for example, cognition, emotion, and perception) seen by some as the defining characteristic of schizophrenia
psychotic behavior
A severe psychological disorder category characterized by hallucinations and loss of contact with reality.
positive symptoms
A more overt symptom, such as a delusion or hallucination, displayed by some people with schizophrenia.
delusion
A psychotic symptom involving disorder of thought content and presence of strong beliefs that are misrepresentations of reality.
hallucination
A psychotic symptom of perceptual disturbance in which something is seen, heard, or otherwise sensed although it is not actually present.
negative symptoms
A less outgoing symptom, such as flat affect or poverty of speech, displayed by some people with schizophrenia.
avolition
An inability to initiate or persist in important activities. Also known as apathy.
alogia
A deficiency in the amount or content of speech, a disturbance often seen in people with schizophrenia.
anhedonia
An inability to experience pleasure, associated with some mood and schizophrenic disorders.
flat affect
An apparently emotionless demeanor (including toneless speech and vacant gaze) when a reaction would be expected.
disorganized speech
A style of talking often seen in people with schizophrenia, involving incoherence and a lack of typical logic patterns.
inappropriate affect
An emotional display that is improper for the situation.
catatonic immobility
A disturbance of motor behavior in which the person remains motionless, sometimes in an awkward posture, for extended periods.
schizophreniform disorder
A psychotic disorder involving the symptoms of schizophrenia but lasting less than 6 months.
schizoaffective disorder
A psychotic dis- order featuring symptoms of both schizophrenia and major mood disorder.
delusional disorder
A psychotic disorder featuring a persistent belief contrary to reality (delusion) but no other symptoms of schizophrenia.
shared psychotic disorder (folie à deux)
A psychotic disturbance in which individuals develop a delusion similar to that of a person with whom they share a close relationship. Also known as folie à deux.
substance-induced psychotic disorder
Psychosis caused by the ingestion of medications, psychoactive drugs, or toxins.
psychotic disorder associated with another medical condition
Condition that is characterized by hallucinations or delusions and that is the direct result of another physiological disorder, such as stroke or brain tumor.
brief psychotic disorder
A psychotic disturbance involving delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech or behavior but lasting less than 1 month; often occurs in reaction to a stressor.
attenuated psychosis syndrome
Disorder involving the onset of psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, which puts a person at high risk for schizophrenia; designated for further study by DSM-5.
prodromal stage
Period of 1 to 2 years before serious symptoms of schizophrenia occur but when less severe yet unusual behaviors start to appear.
schizophrenogenic mother
According to an obsolete, unsupported theory, a cold, dominating, and rejecting parent who was thought to cause schizophrenia in her offspring.
double bind communication
According to an obsolete, unsupported theory, the practice of transmitting conflicting messages that was thought to cause schizophrenia
expressed emotion (EE)
Hostility, criticism, and over-involvement demonstrated by some families toward a family member with a psychological disorder. This can often contribute to the person’s relapse.
token economy
A social learning behavior modification system in which individuals earn items they can exchange for desired rewards by displaying appropriate behaviors.
