Chapter 11 Unit 3

Question 1

Are lower plants haploid or diploid?

Answer 1

They are haploid

Question 2

Does mitosis or meiosis produce gametes?

Answer 2

Meiosis

Question 3

What do gametes contain?

Answer 3

They contain half the chromosomes of ordinary body cells.

Question 4

What is the abbreviation for diploid?

Answer 4

2N

Question 5

How many sets of humongous chromosomes are in body or somatic cells?

Answer 5

There are 2 sets.

Question 6

For each germ cell how many gametes do you get?

Answer 6

You get four.

Question 7

What does sexual reproduction include?

Answer 7

Fusion of gametes to produce a 2N zygote.

Question 8

Life cycles of sexually reproducing organisms involve what?

Answer 8

Alternation of haploid and diploid phases.

Question 9

Some life cycles have dominate what phases and some have dominant what phases?

Answer 9

diploid and haploid

Question 10

What is meiosis 1?

Answer 10

It is the division of 2 cells

Question 11

What is meiosis 2?

Answer 11

It is the division of those 2 cells

Question 12

What does meiosis 1 and 2 result in?

Answer 12

The division of one 2N cell into four genetically distinct 1N cells

Question 13

What is the abbreviation for haploid cells?

Answer 13

1N

Question 14

What is the first tissue to develop?

Answer 14

The heath

Question 15

Where exactly do the chromosomes come from?

Answer 15

1-22 come from mom, 1-22 come from dad and 2 are sex chromosomes

Question 16

When does synapsis and crossing over occur?

Answer 16

It occurs during Prophase 1

Question 17

What is synapsis?

Answer 17

It is where homologues chromosomes line up across from each other following replication.

Question 18

Proteins between the homologues hold them in a what?

Answer 18

A synaptonemal complex

Question 19

What does crossing over occur between?

Answer 19

non-sister chromatids

Question 20

What is crossing over?

Answer 20

It is genetic recombination between non- sister chromatids

Question 21

What is the site in which cross overs happen?

Answer 21

Chiasmata

Question 22

When there are numbers by the phases is that mitosis or meiosis?

Answer 22

It is meiosis

Question 23

Describe Prophase 1.

Answer 23

Homologues chromosomes pair up= synapsis this forms tetrads. Crossing over. Arms of sister chromatids held together at region called terminal chiasmata.

Question 24

Describe Metaphase 1.

Answer 24

Homologues pairs line up on metaphase plate and double row because meiosis.

Question 25

Describe Anaphase 1

Answer 25

Homologous chromosomes separate and migrate to separate poles.

Question 26

Describe telophase 1

Answer 26

Sister chromatids reach opposite poles and form new haploid cells.

Question 27

What does meiosis 2 resemble?

Answer 27

Mitosis

Question 28

Describe Prophase 2

Answer 28

Nuclear envelopes dissolve and spindle apparatus forms

Question 29

Describe Metaphase 2

Answer 29

Sister chromatids align on metaphase plates, and cohesion proteins dissolve

Question 30

Describe Anaphase 2

Answer 30

Sister chromatids separate

Question 31

Describe Telophase 2

Answer 31

Nuclear envelope re-forms and cytokinesis follows.

Question 32

What is haploid in?

Answer 32

Meiosis

Question 33

What is diploid in?

Answer 33

Mitosis

Question 34

In what do sister chromatids remain joined to their centromeres?

Answer 34

Meiosis 1

Question 35

Random or independent assortment of homologues happen where?

Answer 35

Metaphase 1

Question 36

Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells what to the mother cell?

Answer 36

Identical

Question 37

What do plants have with both multicellular diploid and multicellular haploid stages?

Answer 37

Alternative of multicellular generations

Question 38

What does haplodiplontic mean?

Answer 38

Having multicellular haploid and diploid stages.

Question 39

What is where meiosis in 2N plants produce 1N spores that germinate into 1N plants?

Answer 39

Sporic meiosis

Question 40

In 1N plants in turn produce 1N gametes via what?

Answer 40

Mitosis