Chapter 11: Interaction and Performance in Groups

Question 1

interdependence

Answer 1

each group member´s thoughts, emotions, and behaviours influence the others

Question 2

social facilitation

Answer 2

an increase in the likelihood of highly accessible responses, and a decrease in the likelihood of less accessible responses, due to the presence of others

Question 3

task interdependence

Answer 3

reliance on other members of a group of mastery of material outcomes that arise from the group´s task

Question 4

social interdependence

Answer 4

reliance on other members of the group for feelings of connectedness, social and emotional rewards, and a positive social identity

Question 5

group socialisation

Answer 5

the cognitive, affective, and behavioural changes that occur as individuals join and leave groups

Question 6

ostracism

Answer 6

being ignored and excluded from a group

Question 7

social loafing

Answer 7

the tendency to exert less effort on a task when an individual´s efforts are an unidentifiable part of a group than when the same task is performed alone

Question 8

social compensation

Answer 8

one group member working especially hard to compensate for another´s low level of effort or performance

Question 9

leadership

Answer 9

a process in which one or more group members are permitted to influence and motivate others to help attain group goals

Question 10

contingency theories of leadership

Answer 10

theories holding that leader behaviours can differ and that different behaviours are most effective in specific leadership situations

Question 11

transformational leadership

Answer 11

leaders who inspire extreme devotion and emotional identification on the part of their followers, allowing them to have profound effects on their followers

Question 12

power

Answer 12

the ability to provide or withhold rewards or punishments from others