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PSYC 1200 > Chapter 11: Emotions, Stress, and Wellness > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Emotions, Stress, and Wellness Flashcards

1
Q

What did Ekman gather evidence for?

A

Universality of the facial expressions of 6 emotions

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2
Q

What are the 6 universal facial expressions?

A

Anger
Happiness
Fear
Surprise
Disgust
Sadness

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3
Q

Babies after about 6 months become extra sensitive to the _____ facial expression

A

fear

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4
Q

What facial expressions do 3 year olds and 5 year olds learn to recognize respectively?

A

Age 3: sadness

Age 5: disgust

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5
Q

Process by which the facial muscles send messages send messages to the brain about the emotion being expressed; a smile tells us we’re happy, a frown says we’re sad or angry

A

Facial feedback

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6
Q

If either the _______ or critical areas of the cortex are damaged, abnormalities result in the inability to experience or recognize fear

A

amygdala

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7
Q

What areas of the prefrontal cortex are responsible for the fight and flight responses

A

Left prefrontal cortex: fight

Right prefrontal cortex: flight

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8
Q

These are throughout the brain and activated when people observe others, especially with other people you like

A

Mirror neurons. They are involved in empathy, imitation, and mood contagion

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9
Q

Explain:

James-Lange theory
Cannon-Bard theory
Schachter’s theory

A

-JLT: stimuli causes physiological reaction, and brain recognizes this as fear
-CBR: physiological reaction and feeling of fear occur at the same time
-ST (leading theory): physiological response to stimulus, then cognitive appraisal considers context as to why it is happening, which can cause the feeling of fear

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10
Q

What are emotional appraisals?

A

Perceptions, beliefs, attributions, and expectations that determine which emotion a person will experience

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11
Q

Culture strongly influences _______ that regulate when, how, and where a person may express (or suppress) emotions

A

display rules

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12
Q

What is emotion work?

A

Expression of emotion, often because of a role requirement, that a person does not feel

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13
Q

What did Hans Selye publish in 1956?

A

The Stress of Life

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14
Q

What is Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

Good health (homeostasis)
Alarm stage
Resistance stage
Exhaustion stage

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15
Q

The hypothalamus sends messages to endocrine glands down 2 major pathways. 1 is the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. What is the other?

A

Along the HPA (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex), resulting in the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex

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16
Q

What do psychoneuroimmunologists (PNI) study?

A

Psychological processes

The nervous and endocrine systems

The immune system (especially antigens)

17
Q

What are realistic optimists more likely than pessimists to do?

A

Be active problem solvers

Get support from friends

Seek helpful info

18
Q

What was the secret to longevity in Lewis Terman’s study?

A

Consciousness
-reflects traits like organization, discipline, reliability, persistence-

19
Q

What is the locus of control?

Is internal or external locus of control healthier to have over the long term?

A

A general belief that you are responsible for what happens to you

Internal locus of control, the belief that they are responsible for what happens to themselves, is generally better

20
Q

Proneness to anger is a significant risk factor for…

A

Impaired immune system
Elevated BP
Heart disease
Slower healing

21
Q

What are the benefits of confessions?

A

Divulging private thoughts/feelings can result in insight and understanding and can also reduce the stressful repetition of obsessive thoughts and unresolved feelings

22
Q

Coping strategy that concentrates on the emotions the problem has caused

A

Emotion-focused

23
Q

Coping strategy that focuses on solving the problem

A

Problem-focused

24
Q

What are 3 cognitive coping methods that can be effective when dealing with unsolvable problems?

A

Reappraising the situation

Learning from the experience

Making (positive) social comparisons

25
Q

Welcome, affectionate touch elevates “therapeutic” hormones, especially…

A

oxytocin

PSYC 1200 (12 decks)

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