Chapter 11; Childhood disorders + Chapter 12; Psychiatric Disorders Chapter 14; Injury + Illness Flashcards
what is the sex trend in ASD
more males than females
What changes with ASD compared to a normal brian
white and gray matter
What creates psychiatric disorders
genetics and the environment
What structures are affected with OCD
basal ganglia and serotonin/dopamine development
what strucutres are affected with PTSD
smaller hippocampus and PFC and amygdala overeacts
what strucutres are affected with major depression and what other secretion is affected
low levels of neurotransmitters and the smaller hippocampus and PFC
what are the characteristics of bipolar disorder (diagnose and affects)
hard to diagnose without family history, DNA misspelling and hard to treat
what strucutres and medication + the affects are associated with schizophrenia
mutated PFC from development stages. Medication can dampen dopamine levels, but can cause parkinsons disease. Nicotine is a possible medication
What happens with drugs and addiction (the path to addiction)
take drugs to activating neurons to releasing the neurotransmitter dopamine which activates the reward system in the limbic area of the brain
What do drugs do to the brain and process
they copy actions of the neurotransmitters or block neurotransmitters.
Explain the effect opiods has on the brain and possible treatment
natural opiods are endorphins, opiods act as endorphins increasing pleasure A treatment is to block opiod receptors
Explain the effect nicotine has on the brain and possible treatment
attaches to nerve cells which releases a lot of neurotransmitters increasing heartbeat and attnetion. It creates a tolerance, needing more nicotine not very much treatment except support groups
Explain the effect alcohol has on the brain and possible treatment
in ethanol which is water soluble fast to brain. It blocks glutamate receptors which affects memory. It changes balance (cerebellum) Treatments include behavior therapy and support groups
Explain the effect marijuana has on the brain and possible positive affect
Distorts perception and alters sense and reward system in the hippocampus. marijuana can be a calming PTSD
what are psychostimulants
stimulants that excite the brain and reduce dopamine receptors, causing addiction
what are designer drugs
drugs that are tweaked to be legal, but cause addictie behabiors from psychostimulants
what are club drugs and two examples
club drugs look legal like Molly and Exctasy
How are brain tumors named and example
named based off of the brain area developed Gliomas are tumors from glial cells
what do tumors release that harms the brain
toxic amounts of the nt glutamate that destroy nerve cells
What is TBI (traumatic brain injury)
bruising in the head that can cause blood to leak, toxic to nerve cells.
What is SPI (Spinal cord injury) and how to help the condition (3)
Permanent damage to the brain. there is no fix but working on replacing nerves, grow axons, and retraining nerve circuits associated with movement.
What is neurological acquired immune deficient syndrome.(the two diseases and what they cause and two effects)
AIDS and HIV. difficulty with concentration and memory. These diseases can transfer/effect the brain and cause peripheral neuropathy, pain in many places.
what is multiple sclerosis. What does it affect and the three structrues most effected. What is a medication for it
inflammatory in nervous system. attack against myelin sheath, effecting the spinal cord, cerebellum, and optic nerve. Steroid drugs reduce inflamation.
what is chronic pain, where is it most common and what are two drugs that relieve it
chronic pain is continues pain at any level. Most commmon is in back, face, and headaches. two drugs are opiods and NSAIDS.
What is are treatments for stroke and how can i be preventable
maintain health or else you are at risk. treatment includes clearing clogged arteries and testable drugs to prevent nerve damage
