Chapter 11 - Affectional Orientation Flashcards
1
Q
The genderbread person parts
A
- Identity: Brain
- Attraction: Heart
- Sex: Genitals
- Expression: Whole bod
2
Q
Identity labels
A
- Social constructions that include not only information about sexual preferences, but also encompass self-perceptions as well as worldviews
- Will change overtime
3
Q
Asexuality
A
- Asexual individuals may fall in love romantically with another person without feeling sexual desire for them
- May have a masturbation frequency that falls in the normal range
- May or may not acquire an asexual identity
4
Q
Heterosexism and LGBTQ+
A
- Minimizes LGTBQ+ people and assumers heterosexuality is the gild standard of “normal” behaviour
5
Q
Internalized homophobia
A
- May cause gay/lesbian people to hate and fear themselves
6
Q
Doctor Spitzer
A
- Said homosexuality should be removed from the dsm
- Did research to see if it was possible to become less gay, found you can stop the behaviour but you’re still gay
7
Q
Negative consequences associated with conversion therapy
A
- Increased mental health issues
- Increased levels of homophobia
- Loss of family connection, religion, spirituality
- Social isolation
- Etc.
8
Q
Psychosocial explanations of homosexuality
A
- It doesn’t show us much
- Gay parents don’t raise gay kids
- No evidence that trauma affects sexual orientation
- Not teaching your kids about it doesn’t really seem to have a big impact
- Seems more fluid in women
9
Q
Cass’s six stages of gay/lesbian development
A
- Identity Confusion
- Identity Comparison
- Identity Tolerance
- Identity Acceptance
- Identity Pride
- Identity Synthesis
10
Q
Ecological theory and sexual identity development
A
- Ecological theory based on how people interact with their environment
- Models recognizes that identity formation and disclosure will be quite different from a while atheist male raised in California, and a Muslim male from Lebanon
11
Q
Why is self-identification and identity disclosure important
A
- Considered necessary for emotional health in the Canada and US
- Some individuals may be internalized homophobia that blocks this
- Learning to accept yourself is probably the most important part
- Labels may not be as important and could be harmful, but accepting yourself is what is important
12
Q
GSM and research bias
A
- May have sample biases because of where we get our samples from
- Ex: We get them from pride parades and other places where people may already feel comfortable with their identities
13
Q
Freud’s view on bisexuality
A
- Freud believed we are all born bisexual
- May just be lost over time due to socialization
- However, we have never had the same number of same sex and mixed sex relationships, so this probably isn’t true
14
Q
What is sex
A
- Whatever turns people on (not just insertion)
- Stimulation of the erogenous zones
- Goal of sex: pleasure, intimacy, procreation, work, self-esteem, exercise, self-harm, etc.
- How does sex result: Result of arousal and desire
- Is orgasm mandatory: No
- Needs to be at least two people
- Does not require penetration
- Is rape sex: No because both people weren’t participating
15
Q
Lesbian sexual behaviour
A
- Typically mutual masturbation, oral sex, and vaginal digital penetration
- Tribadism: Rubbing a vulva on something
- They have sex more frequently, have more orgasms, and experience greater sexual satisfaction
16
Q
Gay sexual behaviour
A
- Typically, mutual masturbation, oral sex, and anal intercourse
- Non monogamy is more common and they are equally satisfied as monogamous gay couples
17
Q
GSD parenting and adoption
A
- Same sex couples provide the same safe, healthy environment as mixed sex couples
- Some evidence suggests that children raised by lesbian couples demonstrates more competencies than children raised in mixed sex families
- They create less homophobic children
18
Q
Homonegativity
A
- Explicitly negative attitudes toward gay and lesbian people
19
Q
Ethical issues with conversion therapy
A
- Only targets individuals with same-gender/sex orientations, and it’s goal is to “fix” them
- Does not avoid harm
- Goes against research
20
Q
Biological explanations
A
- There are some differences in
- Anatomy,
- Genetics (twins and genes),
- Immunology, and
- Hormones/neural processes
- But they haven’t really found much to be sure about
21
Q
How do people develop a consolidated sense of their unique SGD identity
A
- Question their identity on four contextual influences they start these stages
- Undertaking inner psychological work with or without a therapist
- Connecting in some way to SGD culture
- Reconnecting with this new identity to the dominant culture
