Chapter 4 - Sexual Anatomy Flashcards
1
Q
The mons pubis
A
- Fatty pad of tissue covering the junction where the right and left pubic bone meets at the midline (symphysis)
2
Q
Functions of pubic hair
A
- Pheromonal signalling
- Protection
- Signals sexual maturity
3
Q
The clitoris
A
- Far more nerve endings than the vagina
- Most common way for women to achieve arousal and orgasm during masturbation and sex with a partner
- No practical function, just for pleasure
4
Q
The labia majora
A
- The “outer lips”
- They have many nerve endings and are important for sexual arousal
- Provide protection for the sensitive clitoris and inner lips
5
Q
The labia minora
A
- The “inner lips”
- Often bigger than the labia majora
- They are important in sexual arousal
- Wide appearance among women
6
Q
The vulvar vestibule
A
- Sensitive entranceway to the vaginal and urethral openings
- A condition called vestibulodynia males the vaginal entrance so sensitive that any kind of penetration is painful and unpleasant
7
Q
The urethral opening
A
- The tube that takes the urine from the bladder to be expelled from the body
8
Q
The vaginal opening
A
- Sensitive region below the vulvar vestibule that varies in size from woman to woman
- Generally becomes more open and loose after a woman gives birth
- The hymen
8
Q
The hymen
A
- Thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening
- Generally present at birth (some women are born without one)
- May be broken at first intercourse or during sports or other non sexual activities
8
Q
The vagina
A
- Canal that starts at the vaginal opening and extends up and tilts slightly backward toward the base of the spine
- Very flexible and can accommodate a lot
8
Q
Three laters of the vagina
A
- Vaginal mucosa: the outermost layer, releases secretions that create a proper chemical balance
- Muscular: the middle layer, contrasts rhythmically during orgasms
- Fibrous tissue: the deepest layer
9
Q
The bartholin glands
A
- Small pair of glands that lie to the right and left of the vagina
- Their function is unknown but they may contribute to vaginal lubrication just before orgasm
10
Q
The vestibular bulbs
A
- They are the bulbs of the clitoris and have erectile tissue similar to the spongy bodies of the penis
11
Q
The skene’s glands
A
- The pair of glands are on the front wall of the vagina and their ducts empty into the urethra
12
Q
The G-spot
A
- A large area located on the front vaginal wall
- Pleasurable area for some women and for others it is not very arousing
- Some females ejaculate a fluid form their urethras`
13
Q
Female genital mutilation
A
- Clitoridectomy: Many different kinds that have varying levels of invasiveness
- Infibulation
- Many negative health consequences
14
Q
Male genitals
A
- The penis
- Scrotum with testes inside
15
Q
Male circumcision
A
- Cutting the foreskin off of the penis
- Typically done shortly after birth
- Largely religion tradition
- Many pros and cons
16
Q
Embryological precursor - Gonad
A
- Gonad
- Females: ovary
- Males: testis
17
Q
Embryological precursor - paramesonephric duct
A
- female: fallopian tubes
- male: appendix testis
18
Q
Embryological precursor - urogential sinus
A
- female: skene’s glands and bartholin’s gland
- male: prostate and cowper’s gland
19
Q
Embryological precursor - labioscrotal folds
A
- female: outer lips
- male: scrotum
20
Q
Embryological precursor - urogenital folds
A
- female: inner lips
- male: penile skin
21
Q
Embryological precursor - genital tubercle
A
- female: clit, vestibular bulbs, clitoral glans, clitoral crura
- male: penis, bulb penis, glans penis, crus of penis
22
Q
Embryological precursor - prepuce
A
- female: clitoral hood
- male: foreskin
23
Q
Castration
A
- Removing or destroying his testicles
24
Q
Basson’s model of female sexual response
A
- Found that women may engage in sex for non sexual reasons
- Sexual desire discrepancy
- Many aspects influence a person’s desire to have sex
25
Q
Master and Johnson’s Response cycle
A
- Focused on the physiological aspects of sexual response
- Two fundamental processes of sexual response are myotonia (muscle tension) and vasocongestion (swelling)
26
Q
Masters and Johnson’s four phrases of sexual response cycle
A
- Excitement (E)
- Plateau (P)
- Orgasm (O)
- Resolution (R)
- There are three variations of pattern in women
- Men has a refractory period where they can’t orgasm again
27
Q
Masters and Johnson’s Phrase 1
A
- Excitement
- Blood is arriving to the area
- Penile erection and vaginal lubrication
28
Q
Masters and Johnson’s second phrase
A
- Plateau
- Levelling off response
- You get excited and it starts there
29
Q
Masters and Johnson’s third phase
A
- Orgasm
- Briefest phase
- Muscle spasm, ejaculation in males, vaginal and uterine contraction in females
30
Q
Masters and Johnson’s final phase
A
- Resolution
- The sexual system returns to its unaroused state
31
Q
The mechanics of coital sex
A
- Firmness and angle of the penis are key
- The suspensory ligament acts as a spring during erection and penetration
32
Q
The scrotum
A
- An outer layer of skin with a little hair
- An inner layer of involuntary muscle called the dators
- the dartos muscle makes the testes contract with cold
- Testes were formed in the abdomen, they respond to injury or compression like other innervated abdominal tissue, so an injury to them is felt in the abdomen
33
Q
The testes
A
- Secrete androgens and produce sperm
- Spermatic cord suspends each testis in the scrotum and contains the cas deferences, blood vessels, and nerves
- Surrounded by layer of muscle called the cremaster muscle that lifts the testicles as they contract
34
Q
The seminiferous tubules
A
- Live inside the testes and along with the interstitial cells, produce and store sperm
35
Q
The epididymis
A
- Covers part of each testicule
- Matures and stores sperm
36
Q
The vas deferens
A
- Carries sperm to the prostate gland where they enter the urethra
37
Q
The seminal vescles
A
- Contribute up to 70 per cent of the ejaculate fluid
38
Q
The prostate gland
A
- Secretes a think, milky, alkaline fluid, resulting in a chemically safe environment to maintain sperm
39
Q
Cowper’s glands
A
- Secrete pre cum that prepares the urethra for the ejaculate
40
Q
Semen and sperm
A
- Semen is made up of fluid from the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland
- Each ejaculate contains about 1 teaspoon of semen
- 200 to 500 million sperm
- Each sperm has 23 chromosomes
